2006-2007年小麦新品系选拔试验     

陈剑锋 《福建稻麦科技》2009,27(3):5-8

通过对36份小麦品系比较试验,调查了小麦的株高、有效穗数、成熟期、穗长、结实小穗、实粒数、单穗重、千粒重等性状,并进行了聚类分析.结果表明:36份品系可分成5种类型,第1种为粒少、低产类型;第2种为穗少、低产类型;第3种为粒多、穗多、高产类型;第4种为穗多、粒多、粒大、高产类型;第5种为晚熟类型.  相似文献   

Wheat Seed Presoaking for Improved Germination     

Shahbaz Ahmad  Muhammad Anwar  Hameed Ullah 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1998,181(2):125-127

Seed presoaking improves wheat germination under marginal moisture conditions. The duration of seed presoaking was studied at The University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, using 10 wheat varieties. Seed presoaking beyond 12 h does not improve germination further, and beyond 21 h, germination rate is drastically reduced.  相似文献   

青莜麦双季栽培和麦茬复种技术的研究     

张利军  张秀丽  郑克宽  田青松 《中国草地学报》2007,29(1):87-90

青莜麦不同品种和播期的试验结果表明:第一季青莜麦比第二季晚熟品种的株高、叶面积系数均高;品种323和82的单季产草量达87544.5kg/hm2和85042.5kg/hm2,双季比单季增产68.0%~81.2%。麦茬复种青莜麦产草量达64500~67500kg/hm2;并以7月20日为最佳播种期,比其他播期增产38.9%~77.0%。品种323籽粒产量3789.8kg/hm2,比对照增产26.3%~66.7%,其粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量均比对照高;麦茬复种青莜麦比复种青玉米的粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量高。选用品种323和82进行双季栽培或麦茬复种青莜麦,可取得显著的经济、社会和生态效益。  相似文献   

壮丰安对冬小麦产量和产量器官发育的影响     

于运华  冯素莲  杨培珠  田晓莉  何钟佩 《中国农业大学学报》1998,(Z4)

以两个冬小麦品种京冬6号和农大142为材料,研究了新型植物生长调节剂-壮丰安对小麦产量器官的调控效应。结果表明:壮丰安处理调节了小麦穗的乙烯释放量和籽粒中 IAA,Z+ZR 等内源激素水平;加快了小麦籽粒乳熟中期以后的灌浆速度,可使穗数、结实小穗、穗粒数和穗粒重不同程度增加,表现一定的增产作用;收获后的种子经生物学方法测定,药效残留很少,正常施用对环境和产品安全。  相似文献   

The Role of Phenolics and Peroxidase in Resistance to Alternaria triticina in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)     

M. Tyagi  Arvind M. Kayastha  B. Sinha 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1998,181(1):29-34

Total phenolic content in eight diverse wheat lines showed that PF-70354 YACO'S' had the highest (802.90 ± 1.35 μg g⁻¹ fresh weight) and Agra Local possessed the lowest amount (684.72 ± 5.28 μg g⁻¹ fresh weight). However, for further experiments two lines namely, ACC-8226 and MP-845, with contrasting disease scores under field trials were assessed. Pre-infectional levels of total phenolics and peroxidase activity were higher in ACC-8226 than in MP-845. Furthermore, the amount of phenolics and peroxidase activity in each case increased after inoculation. The post-infectional levels of phenolics and peroxidase were again higher in ACC-8226 than in MP-845. The peroxidase activity decreased with age in both the varieties, with very little peroxidase activity after 35th day. However, the amount of phenolics started to decrease with the progress of disease and age in MP-845, whereas in ACC-8226 an elevated level of it was maintained. Our findings not only support that ACC-8226 is the resistant and MP-845 is the susceptible variety but also provide important biochemical parameters for plant breeders to authentically identify potential breeding material and plan effective breeding strategies using these tools.  相似文献   

为害小麦新害虫——显脉污灯蛾Spilarctia bisecta Leech (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)          下载免费PDF全文

秦杨  余金珂  刘怀  王梓英 《植物保护》2024,50(1):347-355

小麦是我国三大粮食作物之一, 其在生产过程中受到多种害虫为害;在调查重庆市潼南区小麦病虫害过程中新发现一种鳞翅目害虫为害小麦, 对其进行形态学及细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ亚基(cytochrome oxidase Ⅰ, COⅠ)基因序列鉴定, 确定其为显脉污灯蛾Spilarctia bisecta Leech。污灯蛾属中有多种为害农作物的害虫, 但显脉污灯蛾在中国还未有为害小麦的确切报道, 这一发现提醒我们应当注意小麦和其他禾本科作物上的潜在害虫。  相似文献   

Dynamic model for the effects of K fertilizer on crop growth, K-uptake and soil-K in arable cropping. 2. Field test of the model     

D. J. Greenwood  T. V. Karpinets 《Soil Use and Management》1997,13(4):184-189

Abstract. The validity of the model described in Greenwood & Karpinets (1997) was tested against the results of single year, multi level K fertilizer experiments. Measurements of plant mass, %K in the plant and K activity ratio in soil had been made at harvest and at intervals during the growing season on spring wheat, summer cabbage and turnips. Reasonably good agreement was obtained between these measurements and simulated values when the two 'crop' parameters (defining the dependence of critical and maximum possible %K on plant mass) were adjusted for each crop. Also good agreement was generally obtained for plant weight and plant %K at harvest in less detailed experiments on 10 other crops. Values of the two 'crop' parameters for 12 of the crops were strongly correlated with one another suggesting that a single 'crop' parameter may be all that is required to define most inter-species differences in plant-K demand.
Simulations with the model indicate that, in central England, no response of 10 crops to K fertilizer would be likely on soils containing more than 170 mg of 1 M ammonium nitrate extractable-K/kg of soil and having clay contents of between 15 and 45%. Shortcomings of the model and opportunities for advance are discussed.
A simplified version of the model runs on the Internet at: http://www.qpais.co.uk/moda-djg/potass.htm  相似文献   

麦套春棉麦棉共生期水分变化动态研究     

呼孟银  杜开志 《山东农业科学》1998,(2):13-16

１９９２～１９９３年对麦套春棉麦棉共生期水分变化动态进行了研究。两年试验结果表明，４种套种方式共生期田间持水量变化动态均表现为：棉行间＞棉株间＞麦棉行间＞麦行间；在试验范围内麦棉间距≥０３０ｍ时，无论麦收前有无自然降雨，棉行间、棉株间持水量与纯作棉田（ＣＫ）差异不显著，而麦棉行间、麦行间持水量显著低于ＣＫ；３—２式和４—２式用水较为经济；套种田与ＣＫ持水量等同点分布区集中在距小麦边行０３０～０４０ｍ处，各套种方式麦棉间距以０３０ｍ为宜。  相似文献   

小麦淀粉合酶基因I的克隆及反义和RNAi载体的构建   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

康国章  刘超  王永华  郭天财  朱云集 《西北农业学报》2008,17(2):74-79

采用RT-PCR方法从小麦品种豫教2号发育的籽粒中克隆出淀粉合酶I基因(starch synthase I,SSI)部分cDNA片段(795 bp)(GenBank No.EF221762),同源性比较结果显示,它与GenBank上已报道的SSI基因有高度同源性。以p WM101质粒为基础,构建了由35S启动子调控的SS I基因的反义表达载体p WM101SSI;另外,还以pFGC5941质粒为基础,构建了SSI基因的RNAi载体pFGC5941SSIsa,这些载体的构建为研究此基因的功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

小麦慢锈品种‘平原50’上条锈菌侵染的超微结构观察初报     

张元恩  杨爱东 《中国农业大学学报》1997,2(1):95-101

用光镜和电镜观察以条中２８号小种接种的慢锈品种“平原５０”和感病品种“铭贤１６９”的病理组织和超微结构。光镜观察发现两品种在侵入阶段无明显差异。在接种５天后，两品种中的菌落大小，吸器个数上出现较明显差异。  相似文献