碳酸氢根和铵态氮共同对菜豆生长及养分吸收的影响   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

田霄鸿  李生秀  宋书琴 《园艺学报》2002,29(4):337-343

 以菜豆为材料进行水培试验, 探讨了高浓度NH₄⁺-N与HCO₃^-共存介质对菜豆生长发育及其营养吸收的影响, 结果表明: ①以HCO₃^--N 为主要氮源时, 菜豆生长状况最好; 以NH₄⁺-N为主要氮源且无HCO₃^-存在时, 培养前期菜豆根系就发生受害现象, 叶片出现萎蔫; 但加入HCO₃^-后, 随着营养液中HCO3- 浓度从0 升高到13. 0 mmol/L , 菜豆长势逐渐改善, 表明HCO₃^-与NH4+ 以较合适的比例共存于介质中可明显减轻二者非共存对菜豆生长的抑制作用。② 同一处理, 菜豆整株对主要营养元素吸收量的次序为: N > K> P > Ca >Mg > Fe >Mn , 以NH4+2N 为主要氮源时, 随HCO₃^-浓度升高, 菜豆对N、P、Ca、Mn 的吸收量逐渐增大。③以NO_3^--N 为主要氮源, P、Fe、Mn 元素在根部出现累积, 而以NH₄⁺-N为主要氮源时, 随HCO₃^-浓度增加, N、P、Ca、Mn 在根部亦有累积现象。  相似文献   

UHPLC-Q/TOF MS结合HPLC-DAD定性和定量分析硫酸黏菌素可溶性粉中的未知添加物     

陆春波  包爱情  周芷锦  张航俊  陈慧华 《中国兽药杂志》2018,52(12):54-60

定性和定量分析一批兽药硫酸黏菌素可溶性粉中的未知添加物。照《中国兽药典》2010年版一部对该批检品用微生物检定法进行含量测定时,发现该样品的抑菌圈为虚圈,用薄层色谱鉴别该样品,未显示与标准品溶液一致的主斑点,怀疑该样品中有处方外非法添加物。采用超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱(UHPLC-Q/TOF MS)对该样品进行筛查,发现疑似添加物,并使用液相色谱-二极管阵列检测(HPLC-DAD)法进行了双重确证和含量测定。该样品中非法添加物确证为磺胺氯达嗪和甲氧苄啶,添加量分别为58.5 mg/g和13.4 mg/g。本研究通过建立筛查方法为监管部门提供技术支撑,通过分析非法添加物的可能原因为打击兽药处方外非法添加提供了思路。  相似文献   

硫酸锰溶液处理对玉米种子抗氧化酶活性的影响     

邹原东 《现代农业科技》2021,7(7)

Two kinds of corn were used as materials,changes of SOD,CAT,POD and MDA Contents after Germination of maize seeds in five different concentrations of manganese sulphate were studied.The results show that the content of MDA was significantly different among different varieties,difference was very significant compared with control.The activities of antioxidant enzymes of HuangJinNuo 1 first increased then decreased after treated with manganese sulfate,while that of YinLong BaiYuNou continuous elevation,the resistance of Maize after manganese sulphate increased during germination.  相似文献   

Mapping soil salinity and pH across an estuarine and alluvial plain using electromagnetic and digital elevation model data     

J. Huang  V. N. L. Wong  J. Triantafilis 《Soil Use and Management》2014,30(3):394-402

Increasing pressures from agriculture and urbanization have resulted in drainage of many floodplains along the eastern Australian coastline, which are underlain by sulphidic sediments, to lower water tables and reduce soil salinity. This leads to oxidation of the sediments with a rapid decline in pH and an increase in salinity. Accurately mapping soil salinity and pH in coastal acid sulphate soil (CASS) landscapes is therefore important. One required map is the extent of highly acidic (i.e. pH < 4.5) areas, so that the application of alkaline amendments (e.g. lime) to neutralize the acid produced can be specifically targeted to the variation in pH. One approach is to use digital soil mapping (DSM) using ancillary information, such as an EM38, digital elevation models (DEM – elevation) and trend surface parameters (east and north). We used an EM38 in the horizontal (EM38h) and vertical (EM38v) modes together with elevation data to develop multiple linear regressions (MLR) for predicting EC_1:5 and pH. For pH, best results were achieved when the EM38 EC_a data were log‐transformed. By comparing MLR models using REML analysis, we found that using all ancillary data was optimal for mapping EC_1:5, whereas the best predictors for pH were north, log‐EM38v and elevation. Using residual maximum likelihood (REML), the final EC_1:5 and pH maps produced were consistent with previously defined soil landscape units, particularly CASS. The DSM approach used is amenable for mapping saline soils and identifying areas requiring the application of lime to manage acidic soil conditions in CASS landscape.  相似文献   

尿素配施氯化铵对菜心产量及其品质的影响     

苏天明  顾明华  黎晓峰  靳亚忠 《中国农学通报》2005,21(7):236-236

利用盆栽试验，研究尿素配施不同比例的氯化铵对菜心硝酸盐积累的影响，结果表明：随着尿素配施氯化铵比例的增加，菜心氯含量增加，硝酸盐含量下降，而全N含量、叶绿素含量和收获前的产量变化不大。  相似文献   

旱区覆膜滴灌棉田N 2 O排放对化肥减量有机替代的响应     

陶瑞  张前前  李锐  刘涛  褚贵新 《农业机械学报》2015,46(12):204-211

覆膜滴灌条件下,采用静态箱-气相色谱法研究了不同施肥策略:CK(不施肥)、CF(N 300 kg/hm~2;P2O590 kg/hm~2;K2O 60 kg/hm~2)、60%CF+OF(普通有机肥6 000 kg/hm~2)、60%CF+BF(生物有机肥6 000 kg/hm~2)对棉田土壤N_2O排放的影响,旨在明确滴灌棉田连续不同施肥策略下土壤N_2O的排放特征。结果表明,棉花生育期N_2O排放通量表现为施肥处理大于不施肥处理,滴灌施肥后第3/4天N_2O排放通量顺序为CF60%CF+OF60%CF+BFCK,而滴灌后第7/8天N_2O排放通量则表现为有机肥处理高于化肥处理,滴灌施肥结束后表现与之相同;生育期的N_2O排放总量以100%化肥处理(CF)最高,与其相比,60%CF+OF和60%CF+BF处理分别降低3.75%和8.37%,N_2O排放系数则分别降低1.39%和73.8%;相关及通径分析均表明,与土壤NH+4-N相比,NO-3-N与N_2O排放的关系更密切。  相似文献   

小麦植体营养平衡状态与氯铵效应     

刘长寿  尹名济 《华中农业大学学报》1988,(3)

氯化铵作为小麦的氮肥施用,营养平衡时,其肥效与硫铵相近;小麦籽粒粗蛋白总量、面筋含量、蛋白质各组分含量亦差异不大。若麦体营养不平衡时,则氯铵肥效降低、吸氯量增加,氯毒害加重,明显影响小麦产量、品质及生长发育,且降低麦株对N.P.K的累积量。施入土壤中的氯化铵,约5-10%的氯为小麦吸收,约5%残留在耕层土壤中,余则在当季作物期间被淋洗。小麦吸收的氯主要分布在叶片和茎杆中,约占95%,很少向穗部运转。  相似文献   

硫酸钾镁肥在蔬菜上的应用效果研究初报   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

周晓芬  杨军芳  杜金钟  王素英  冯伟  樊子剑 《河北农业科学》2006,10(3):54-57

以西红柿、黄瓜和青椒为试材,采用对比试验方法,研究了国产硫酸钾镁肥在北方蔬菜上的应用效果.结果表明,配施硫酸钾镁肥可明显提高蔬菜产量,并能在一定程度上提高蔬菜品质,施用硫酸钾镁肥虽然比施用硫酸钾和氯化钾的投入成本略高,但产投效益最好.  相似文献   

Evaluation of a 4‐h static copper sulphate treatment against experimental infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)     

Ahmed M Darwish  Andrew Mitchell  David L Straus 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(5):688-695

The efficacy of copper sulphate (CuSO₄) against the early stages of an experimental acute infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) was evaluated. Fish were challenged, by waterborne exposure to F. columnare in an ultra‐low flow‐through water delivery system, and treated with CuSO₄ at 4.2 and 2.1 mg L^?1 at 5.5 h post challenge for 4 h. Bacterial challenged non‐treated fish acted as a positive control and non‐challenged non‐treated fish acted as a negative control. Fish challenged with F. columnare and treated with CuSO₄ at 4.2 and 2.1 mg L^?1 post challenge had mortalities of 6.4% and 18.3%, respectively, compared with the positive control, which had 90.2% mortality. The mortality of challenged fish treated with CuSO₄ at 4.2 and 2.1 mg L^?1 was significantly different from the positive control. There was no significant difference between the mortalities of the 4.2 and 2.1 mg L^?1 treatments. The results suggest that CuSO₄ has clear therapeutic value against columnaris infections.  相似文献   

Evaluating foliar nitrogen compounds as indicators of nitrogen status in Prunus persica trees     

Oswaldo A. Rubio-Covarrubias  Patrick H. Brown  Steven A. Weinbaum  R. Scott Johnson  Raul I. Cabrera 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Mobile nitrogen (N) forms may be better N indicators of the N status of trees than total nitrogen (TN) due to their higher sensitivity to increasing N supply. A field experiment was carried out over a 3-year period to compare foliar concentrations of total N (TN), soluble N (SN), chlorophyll (Minolta SPAD readings), NH₄–N and NO₃–N as indicators of soil N availability in nectarine, Prunus persica L. Batsch, cv. ‘Fantasia’ (grafted on ‘Nemaguard’ peach, P. persica × P. davidiana) trees. Young trees were exposed to a range of fertilizer-N application rates. Based on correlation analysis, the best association between leaf N compounds with soil N supply and trunk diameter and/or fruit yield was obtained with TN and chlorophyll SPAD readings. Leaf concentrations of mobile N compounds (NH₄–N and NO₃–N) increased more than any other N compound under high N supply; however, their inconsistency among years and low leaf concentration difficult their use as N indicators. The optimum foliar TN for growth decreased with tree age, 4.4%, 3.6% and 3.3% in non-bearing 1-year-old trees, non-bearing 2-year-old trees and 3.3 fruit-bearing 3-year-old trees. The optimum SPAD readings were 40 in 2-year-old trees and 42 in 3-year-old trees. Stable N compounds (TN and chlorophyll SPAD) could be used to N diagnosis in the zone of N deficiency, and soluble N compounds (NH₄–N and NO₃–N) to diagnoses N excess.  相似文献