Treatment response and long term follow up in nineteen dogs diagnosed with chronic enteropathy in Australia     

JRS Dandrieux  LM Martinez Lopez  N Prakash  CS Mansfield 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(9):301-307

Chronic enteropathy (CE) in dogs is common worldwide, but little data is available from Australia. The aim of this study was to describe treatment response and long‐term outcome in a cohort of dogs with CE. Dogs were prospectively enrolled at Murdoch University and the University of Melbourne. After diagnostic investigation to rule out diseases other than CE, dogs underwent sequential therapeutic trials until achieving a clinical response (diet then antibiotics, and finally immunosuppressants). Success was defined as 75% reduction of clinical severity for a minimum of five weeks. A total of 21 dogs were enrolled, and 19 completed the study. One dog was euthanised for lack of response to treatment and one excluded for lack of owner compliance. Most dogs responded to diet (n = 10), followed by antibiotics (n = 7) and immunosuppressants (n = 2). Long‐term remission (median 21.1 months, [3.0‐44.7]) was achieved in eight out of ten dietary responders without additional treatment. In contrast, only two dogs with antibiotic response remained in long‐term remission, of which one needed on‐going antibiotic treatment. Longer term remission was achieved in the two dogs treated with immunosuppressants with on‐going low dose therapy. This study concludes that most dogs referred for CE in Australia respond to dietary treatment (even after previous dietary interventions), and remission is long‐term compared to dogs treated with an antibiotic. Furthermore, the need for long‐term antibiotics in some dogs to maintain response may lead to antibiotic resistance. This study supports adequate dietary trials for CE in dogs, and a need for alternative second‐line treatments.  相似文献   

Systematic Review: Impact of point sources on antibiotic‐resistant bacteria in the natural environment          下载免费PDF全文

I. Bueno  J. Williams‐Nguyen  H. Hwang  J. M. Sargeant  A. J. Nault  R. S. Singer 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(1):e162-e184

  相似文献   

Antimicrobial‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae recovered from companion animal and livestock environments          下载免费PDF全文

R. J. Adams  S. S. Kim  D. F. Mollenkopf  D. A. Mathys  G. M. Schuenemann  J. B. Daniels  T. E. Wittum 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(5):519-527

Antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria represent an important concern impacting both veterinary medicine and public health. The rising prevalence of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL), AmpC beta‐lactamase, carbapenemase (CRE) and fluoroquinolone‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae continually decreases the efficiency of clinically important antibiotics. Moreover, the potential for zoonotic transmission of antibiotic‐resistant enteric bacteria increases the risk to public health. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of specific antibiotic‐resistant bacteria on human contact surfaces in various animal environments. Environmental surface samples were collected from companion animal shelters, private equine facilities, dairy farms, livestock auction markets and livestock areas of county fairs using electrostatic cloths. Samples were screened for Enterobacteriaceae expressing AmpC, ESBL, CRE or fluoroquinolone resistance using selective media. Livestock auction markets and county fairs had higher levels of bacteria expressing both cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone resistance than did equine, dairy, and companion animal environments. Equine facilities harboured more bacteria expressing cephalosporin resistance than companion animal shelters, but less fluoroquinolone resistance. The regular use of extended‐spectrum cephalosporins in livestock populations could account for the increased levels of cephalosporin resistance in livestock environments compared to companion animal and equine facilities. Human surfaces, as well as shared human and animal surfaces, were contaminated with resistant bacteria regardless of species environment. Detecting these bacteria on common human contact surfaces suggests that the environment can serve as a reservoir for the zoonotic transmission of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria and resistance genes. Identifying interventions to lower the prevalence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria in animal environments will protect both animal and public health.  相似文献   

Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in southeastern Australian pig herds and implications for surveillance          下载免费PDF全文

L. K. van Breda  O. P. Dhungyel  M. P. Ward 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(1):e1-e7

To investigate public health implications of antibiotics to control post‐weaning scours, we surveyed 22 commercial pig herds in southeastern Australia. Fifty faecal samples per herd were collected from pre‐ and post‐weaned piglets. Presumptive Escherichia coli isolates were confirmed by MALDI‐TOF MS. Isolates (n = 325) were screened for susceptibility to 19 veterinary antibiotics using MIC broth microdilution. All 325 E. coli isolates underwent further testing against 27 antibiotics used in human medicine and were screened for ETEC adhesin and enterotoxin genes (F4 (K88), F5 (K99), F6 (987P), F18, F41, STa, STb, Stx2e and LT) by multiplex PCR. Isolates identified as phenotypically resistant to third‐generation cephalosporin (3GC) and aminoglycoside antibiotics were screened by multiplex PCR/reverse line blot to detect common β‐lactam and aminoglycosides resistance genes, confirmed by sequencing. Twenty (6.1%) of the E. coli isolates were resistant to 3GC antibiotics and 24 (7.4%) to the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin. Genetic analysis revealed six different extended spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL) genes (blaCTX‐M‐1, ‐14, ‐15, ‐27, blaSHV‐12 and blaCMY‐2‐like genes), four of which have not been previously reported in Australian pigs. Critically, the prevalence of 3GC resistance was higher in non‐pathogenic (non‐ETEC) isolates and those from clinically normal (non‐diarrhoeal) samples. This highlights the importance of non‐ETECE. coli as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes in piglet pens. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in pig production focused on diagnostic specimens from clinically‐affected animals might be potentially misleading. We recommend that surveillance for emerging antimicrobial resistance such as to 3GC antibiotics should include clinically healthy pigs.  相似文献   

有效微生物的研究及其应用   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王富金  李钟乐  房家琛 《延边大学农学学报》1999,(3)

介绍了有效微生物的组成、特点、应用及其对家畜的作用机理．  相似文献   

农抗2-16防治油菜菌核病效果研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

谢长举  阮宣斌  程家兴  曾洪梅  石义萍  张克诚  林德炘 《中国生物防治》1999,15(3):118-120

利用农抗２┐１６防治油菜菌核病效果良好。在油菜盛花期喷施农抗２┐１６水剂１００、１５０倍液,对油菜菌核病防效分别达８２．６％和７８．１％,其防效高于４０％治萎灵可湿性粉剂（９００ｇ／ｈｍ２）和５０％多菌灵可湿性粉剂（３０００ｇ／ｈｍ２）,低于３６％粉霉灵悬浮剂（１５００ｍｌ／ｈｍ２）。喷施农抗２┐１６,能有效地减轻主茎发病,降低病情指数。  相似文献   

Prevalence,geographic distribution and phenotypic differences of Piscirickettsia salmonis EM‐90‐like isolates          下载免费PDF全文

J Saavedra  N Hernandez  A Osses  A Castillo  A Cancino  H Grothusen  E Navas  P Henriquez  H Bohle  F Bustamante  P Bustos  M Mancilla 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(8):1055-1063

Early reports accounted for two main genotypes of Piscirickettsia salmonis, a fish pathogen and causative agent of piscirickettsiosis, placing the single isolate EM‐90 apart from the prototypic LF‐89 and related isolates. In this study, we provide evidence that, contrary to what has been supposed, the EM‐90‐like isolates are highly prevalent and disseminated across Chilean marine farms. Molecular analysis of 507 P. salmonis field isolates derived from main rearing areas, diverse hosts and collected over 6 years, revealed that nearly 50% of the entire collection were indeed typed as EM‐90‐like. Interestingly, these isolates showed a marked host preference, being recovered exclusively from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) samples. Although both strains produce undistinguishable pathological outcomes, differences regarding growth kinetics and susceptibility to the antibiotics and bactericidal action of serum could be identified. In sum, our results allow to conclude that the EM‐90‐like isolates represent an epidemiologically relevant group in the current situation of piscirickettsiosis. Based on the consistency between genotype and phenotype exhibited by this strain, we point out the need for genotypic studies that may be as important for the Chilean salmon industry as the continuous surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.  相似文献   

恩诺沙星对红笛鲷血清中碱性磷酸酶活力、抗体IgM含量、溶菌酶含量及其抗菌能力的影响     

张丽敏  吴灶和  简纪常  鲁义善  简贺君 《水产养殖》2009,30(4):1-7

以间隔200mg／kg的恩诺沙星设置8个浓度梯度腹腔注射红笛鲷进行急性毒性实验,测得其安全浓度为67．56mg／kg,参考安全浓度及日常生产给药量取0、20、40、80mg／kg鱼体重恩诺沙星,以腹腔注射及拌料投喂两种不同给药方式,研究恩诺沙星在该浓度范围内对红笛鲷血清中一些免疫指标及其感染细菌后死亡率的影响。实验结果表明恩诺沙星在40m非g浓度组中提高AKP活力、IgM含量、溶菌酶含量的同时可提高红笛鲷抵抗外界细菌感染的能力（P〈0．05）。当用药浓度不足（20mg/kg组）或浓度过高（80mg／kg组）,虽然对AKP活力和IgM含量也有影响,但在投喂组中,红笛鲷体内的IgM含量受抑制显著,经腹腔注射2．3×10^7 CFU／mL溶藻弧菌 （ Vibrio alginolyticus ）攻毒后,注射组中相对生理盐水组的死亡率55％;20、40、80mg／kg浓度组红笛鲷的死亡率分别为45％、30％、50％;投喂组中,0、20、40、80mg,kg浓度组红笛鲷的死亡率分别为55％、40％、30％、60％;40mg／kg浓度组中抗菌能力增强;20、80mg／kg浓度组中红笛鲷抗菌能力不受影响或有负面影响。  相似文献   

Evaluation of dietary natural mineral materials as an antibiotic replacer on growth performance,non‐specific immune responses and disease resistance in rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss          下载免费PDF全文

Seonghun Won  Mohammad Moniruzzaman  Seunghan Lee  Jeongwhui Hong  Jung‐Keug Park  Sangeun Kim  Sungchul C Bai 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(9):4735-4747

We evaluated the effects of some dietary natural mineral materials as an antibiotic replacer based on growth performance, non‐specific immune responses and disease resistance in juvenile and subadult rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. First experiment, juvenile rainbow trout averaging 2.7 ± 0.02 g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the six experimental diets; a basal commercial diet as a control (CON), CON with oxytetracycline (OTC), with yellow loess (YL), with Macsumsuk^® (MS), with Song‐Gang^® stone (SG) and with barley stone (BS) at 0.4% of each diet. At the end of 8‐week feeding trial, weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed YL diet were significantly higher than those of fish fed CON diet. Non‐specific immune responses such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), lysozyme (LYS) activity and oxidative radical production of fish fed YL diet were higher than those of fish fed CON diet. At the end of 15 days of challenge test with Aeromonas salmonicida, average cumulative survival rate of fish fed YL diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed BS and CON diets. However, there were no significant differences among fish fed YL, SG and OTC diets. Second experiment, subadult rainbow trout averaging 261.5 ± 3.5 g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the four experimental diets for 22 weeks: CON, and CON with OTC, YL or SG at 0.4% of each diet. At the end of feeding, growth performance of fish fed SG and YL diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed CON diet. Non‐specific immune responses in terms of SOD, MPO, LYS and NBT of fish fed SG and YL diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed CON diet. However, there were no significant differences among the fish fed YL, SG and OTC diets. The results indicate that dietary yellow loess or Song‐gang^® stone at 0.4% of diet could replace oxytetracycline in juvenile and subadult rainbow trout.  相似文献   

Determination of selected antibiotics in farmed fish species using LC‐MS/MS          下载免费PDF全文

Mustafa Yipel  Cemil Kürekci  İbrahim O Tekeli  Murat Metli  Fatih Sakin 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3829-3836

The aim of the study was to monitor the occurrence of 37 antibiotics from different classes including fluoroquinolone, tetracycline, macrolide, sulphonamide, penicillin, amphenicol and cephalosporin in three different farmed fish species (n = 75; rainbow trout, see bass, gilthead see bream) from five cities in Turkey. A method for LC‐MS/MS was optimized and validated to assess these antibiotics. As a result, 25 samples showed contamination with at least one antibiotic residue. The most detected antibiotics were norfloxacin (NOR) (18.7%), marbofloxacin (MAR) (12%), tetracycline (TC) (10.7), danofloxacin (DAN) (9.3%), oxytetracycline (OTC) (9.3%), tilmicosin (TLM) (8%) and enrofloxacin (ENR) (6.7%). A total of 17.3% of samples examined were found to be contaminated with residues exceeding the maximum residue limits (MRLs). The results indicate that antibiotics are frequently used in aquaculture production without the lack of knowledge. This study also revealed that the consumption of farmed fish could produce a public health concern as the level of residues for some antibiotics was much higher than MRLs.  相似文献