酵母水解物对凡纳滨对虾生长、消化酶活性和肠道形态的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

熊家  袁野  罗嘉翔  陆游  马红娜  周歧存  梁超  邹青 《中国水产科学》2018,25(5):1012-1021

本实验旨在研究饲料中添加酵母水解物对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长性能、血清生化指标、肝胰腺消化酶活性以及肠道形态的影响。酵母水解物添加量分别为0%、1%、3%和5%,配制4种等氮等脂(42.5%粗蛋白和8.5%粗脂肪)的实验饲料。选取初始体重为(1.86±0.02)g的凡纳滨对虾480尾,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复30尾,进行为期8周的养殖实验。结果表明饲料中添加5%酵母水解物组的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和蛋白质效率(PER)显著高于对照组(P0.05),而该组饲料系数(FCR)最低(P0.05)。对虾全虾粗蛋白含量随饲料中酵母水解物的增加而呈上升趋势,且5%酵母水解物添加组显著高于对照组(P0.05)。添加5%的酵母水解物显著提高了凡纳滨对虾血清总蛋白(TP)和甘油三酯(TG)含量,降低了谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)的活性(P0.05)。各处理组肝胰腺淀粉酶活性和对照组相比差异不显著(P0.05),但3%酵母水解物添加组的胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性显著高于对照组(P0.05)。3%酵母水解物添加组的对虾肠道皱襞高度和皱襞宽度显著高于对照组(P0.05),而5%添加组的微绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P0.05)。综上所述,在本实验条件下,饲料中添加3%~5%的酵母水解物能有效改善凡纳滨对虾生长性能、提高饲料利用率、促进消化吸收以及改善肠道形态学指标。  相似文献   

7种啤酒废酵母酶解液挥发性成分对橘小实蝇的引诱作用     

杨晴阳  IDREES Atif  杜迎刚  季清娥  蔡普默  谷小红  王波  陈家骅 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(5):505-509

测试了啤酒废酵母酶解液7种挥发性成分(3-甲基-1-丁醇、苯甲醛、乙酸辛酯、乙酸苯乙酯、辛酸乙酯、苯乙腈和苯乙醇)及其混合物对不同发育期橘小实蝇的引诱效果.结果显示,乙酸辛酯、乙酸苯乙酯和辛酸乙酯对橘小实蝇雌雄成虫的引诱作用显著;利用正交试验方法得到200μL·m L-1乙酸辛酯、200μL·m L-1乙酸苯乙酯和100μL·m L-1辛酸乙酯的混合物对橘小实蝇的引诱效果最好,引诱率达到88.6%.  相似文献   

明胶-壳聚糖可食膜的制备及性能表征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王丽媛  李红艳  刘天红  李晓  孙元芹  王颖 《保鲜与加工》2016,16(5):10-16

以明胶和壳聚糖为成膜材料,以水蒸气透过率、抗拉强度和断裂伸长率为考察指标,研究可食膜制备的最佳工艺条件,同时采用红外光谱、X-射线衍射、扫描电镜和热稳定性分析对可食膜进行了性能表征研究。结果表明,最佳成膜工艺条件为:明胶与壳聚糖共混比例4∶6,明胶浓度1.5%,甘油浓度0.3%,吐温-80浓度0.1%,该工艺条件下制得的可食性共混膜较单一成分的膜具有较低的水蒸气透过率,且抗拉强度和断裂伸长率较高。对复合膜的性能表征研究结果表明,明胶与壳聚糖之间相容性较好,相互作用强烈。  相似文献   

鲢鱼骨胶原多肽螯合钙的制备研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

范鸿冰  汪之颖  刘鹏  徐萍  罗永康 《南方水产》2014,(2):72-79

文章探讨了以鲢（Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix）鱼骨为原料,采用风味蛋白酶酶解制备骨胶原多肽水解液,剩余骨渣经乳酸提取制备骨粉酸解液（钙液）,研究其通过螯合制备鲢鱼骨胶原多肽螯合钙的工艺条件。分析了酶解时间对鲢鱼骨蛋白酶解产物产品品质和功能特性（溶解性和热稳定性）的影响以及采用乳酸提取鲢鱼骨中钙时提取温度对钙溶出率的影响,并以螯合率为指标,考察pH、时间、温度和多肽液与钙液体积比对螯合反应的影响。结果表明,在温度50℃,按原料鱼排质量0．09％加入风味蛋白酶酶解30min制备出的鲢鱼骨胶原多肽具有良好的产品品质和功能特性;乳酸提钙时提取温度对钙溶出率没有显著性影响（P〉0．05）;在pH8、温度25℃条件下,多肽液与钙液体积比1：1反应40min得到的鲢鱼骨胶原蛋白螯合钙螯合率最高（85．24％）。  相似文献   

超滤在猪血红蛋白酶解液中的应用研究     

瞿桂香  董明盛  黄耀江 《江西农业大学学报》2009,31(5)

采用6～10 kD和3 kD超滤膜对猪血红蛋白水解液进行浓缩实验,对超滤前后的多肽类蛋白质、氨基氮、血红素的变化进行分析.实验结果表明:采用3 kD超滤膜对酶解液的浓缩效果较好,浓缩倍数分别达到2.3、2.0、1.9,经冷冻干燥得产物蛋白质多肽含量91%,血红素含量2.9%混合营养物,可以用来制备含量较高的富含血红素肽的混合营养物.  相似文献   

Comparative Effects of Fish and Cow Gelatins and Locust Bean Gum on Chemical,Textural, and Sensory Properties of Yogurt     

Eda D. Pancar  Gökhan Boran 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(6):843-853

ABSTRACT

Yogurt is a traditional dairy product widely consumed all over the world. Syneresis, which is a result of lower water holding capacity, is a big concern and an important quality parameter. In this study, the efficiency of locust bean gum and different gelatins (fish skin, fish scale, and bovine skin) in preventing syneresis was investigated. Samples were stored at 4°C for 2 weeks, a typical shelf life of yogurt, and analyzed periodically for quality parameters. Syneresis, viscosity, and water holding capacity of the control and gum added samples were almost identical, while gelatin added samples were generally significantly improved (p < 0.05).  相似文献   

Protein Hydrolysate from Visceral Waste Proteins of Bolti Fish (Tilapia nilotica): Chemical and Nutritional Variations as Affected by Processing pHs and Time of Hydrolysis     

Sahar F. Deraz 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(6):614-631

The main objective of the current work was to evaluate the proximate chemical composition and nutritional quality of amino acids of protein hydrolysates from viscera of Tilapia nilotica fish. The results of amino acid composition showed that all hydrolysates contained sufficient and/or excessive amounts of both essential and nonessential amino acids, with appreciable values of essential amino acid/nonessential amino acid ratio (0.77 to 1.59) and essential amino acid/total amino acid ratio (43.35 to 61.35). All protein hydrolysates had a high content of the flavor enhancer amino acids. The lowest values of essential amino acids were found for phenylalanine and methionine with chemical scores ranging from 0.04 to 0.77 and 0.09 to 1.06, respectively, except for 18 h hydrolysates. The protein efficiency ratio had values greatly exceeding 2.0, which is considered a high quality. On the other hand, the levels of sugar and ash contents ranged from 2.69 to 3.32 g L^?1 and 0.48 to 2.1%, respectively, with 9.2 to 14% dry matter. Mineral composition showed that sufficient amounts of calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and iron were present. The results suggest that the studied hydrolysates are appropriate for use in balanced human or animal diets.  相似文献   

Oxidative Stability of Spray-Dried Microencapsulated Fish Oils with Different Wall Materials     

Parastoo Pourashouri  Bahareh Shabanpour  Seyed Hadi Razavi  Seid Mahdi Jafari  Ali Shabani  Santiago P. Aubourg 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(6):567-578

Multilayer microencapsulation of fish oil was evaluated by using fish gelatin (treated with or without microbial transglutaminase [MTGase]), chitosan, and maltodextrin for its ability to control lipid oxidation. This study showed that a mixture containing gelatin and maltodextrin obtained the highest percentage of core release. The oxidative stability of the formulated mixtures and the bulk oils was investigated during a period of 60 days. The peroxide value (PV) was assessed as a parameter for primary oxidation products, and p-anisidine (p-AV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive sub-stances (TBARS) was used to analyze secondary oxidation compounds. Observation of oxidation products showed that combinations of gelatin and maltodextrin made by adding MTGase and a mixture of gelatin and chitosan were able to increase the oxidative stability, and increases in PV and p-AV and TBARS were found for all oils.  相似文献   

复相乳化法制备明胶微囊蛋氨酸的工艺初探     

迟淑艳  谭北平  麦康森  艾庆辉  黄世标  周歧存  董晓慧  杨奇慧 《饲料工业》2010,31(4)

以明胶和羧甲基纤维素钠为包囊材料,蛋氨酸为芯材采用复相乳化法制备蛋氨酸微胶囊。应用均匀实验设计分析了微胶囊制备过程主要影响因素及适宜的工艺条件,得出明胶溶液浓度对微囊的形成影响较大,优化参数得出蛋氨酸微胶囊载药量为61.30%。  相似文献   

酶解啤酒废酵母生产橘小实蝇蛋白饵剂的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王波  黄居昌  季清娥  杨建全  陈家骅 《江西农业大学学报》2010,32(2)

水解蛋白液是橘小实蝇蛋白饵剂的核心组成成分,研究利用酶解法从啤酒废酵母中提取水解蛋白的加工工艺。通过正交试验,对水解温度、pH、时间和加酶量4个水解影响因素进行分析,结果显示,最佳工艺条件为pH值6.0,温度50℃,时间18h,加酶量为2.0mg/mL。室内生物测定的结果表明,水解蛋白液对橘小实蝇的引诱率可达60.00%,其中雌性和雄性的引诱率分别为63.30%和56.70%。总糖与蛋白质含量的比例是影响引诱率的重要因素,当二者之比为200:1时,引诱率最高。  相似文献