水杨酸诱导花生对叶斑病抗性研究初报   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

王桂兰  陈超  杨余  刘根齐  赵世民  徐金相 《北京农学院学报》1999,14(4):6-10

本试验对３至４叶期花生幼苗分别用 １、３、和 ５ｍｍｏｌ浓度的水杨酸叶面喷雾处理．在 成株发病盛期进行病情调查．结果表明,各处理揭斑病病情指数分别比对照下降４２．４％。 ３０．０％、 ３６． ３％．由此认为,水杨酸诱导花生对报斑病抗性具有较好的作用．此外,对各处理组进 行了酯酶,细胞色素氧化酶以及ＳＤＳ蛋白电泳分析．发现它们的图谱均有不同程度的变化．但其 分子变化是否与抗病性的提高有关,有待进一步研究．  相似文献   

bZIP Transcription Factor UvATF21 Mediates Vegetative Growth,Conidiation, Stress Tolerance and Is Required for Full Virulence of Rice False Smut Fungus Ustilaginoidea virens     

Liu Yueran  Qu Jinsong  Wang Yufu  Yin Weixiao  Luo Chaoxi 《水稻科学》2023,30(1):50-57

bZIP proteins are widely distributed in eukaryotic organisms and regulate a diverse range of physiological processes. Several bZIP proteins have previously been identified in Ustilaginoidea virens. However, the biological roles of these bZIP proteins in this pathogen are still unknown. Here, one of these bZIP protein coding genes, UvATF21, was functionally characterized. Targeted deletion of UvATF21 resulted in reduced conidiation and pathogenicity despite of the increased vegetative growth. The deletion mutants also significantly decreased the sensitivity to osmotic and oxidative stresses. Interestingly, deletion of UvATF21 exhibited different performances to cell wall integrity stress. These results indicated that UvATF21 played crucial roles in vegetative growth, conidiation, stress response, and full virulence in U. virens.  相似文献   

几种经济红藻中茉莉酸合成途径的关键物质     

王思琪  陈娟娟  杨锐  骆其君  吴玮  崔晓山  陈海敏 《水产学报》2020,44(5):784-792

为研究几种经济红藻中茉莉酸合成途径的关键物质,实验采用液相色谱—质谱联用技术(LC-MS)对茉莉酸生物合成途径相关物质建立检测方法,并对龙须菜、坛紫菜受到机械损伤时各物质的变化情况进行检测。以100%甲醇提取茉莉酸(JA)、茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)、12-氧-植物二烯酸(12-OPDA)和13-氢过氧化亚麻酸(13-HpOTE),利用XBridge TM C18色谱柱,以甲醇/水为流动相分离4种物质。优化条件下4种物质得到良好分离,加标回收率为81.23%～90.25%,检测限为0.04～0.56 ng/mL,灵敏度高。坛紫菜、龙须菜和真江蓠3种红藻中,坛紫菜中未检测到JA和13-HpOTE,4种物质均在另外2种藻中检测到。龙须菜受机械损伤胁迫后,4种物质在短时间内得到积累,其中13-HpOTE响应迅速。研究表明,红藻中可能存在类似于植物的茉莉酸合成途径,并参与对损伤的胁迫响应。  相似文献   

温度和盐度对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼受精率和孵化率的联合影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

彭俊  王辉  强俊  李瑞伟  王海贞 《中国水产科学》2011,18(4):847-856

采用中心复合设计和响应曲面方法研究了温度(T,℃)和盐度(S)对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼人工受精率(FR,％)和孵化率(HR,％)的综合影响.设定的温度范围为20～34,盐度范围为0～18.建立了温度、盐度与受精和孵化之间关系的定量模型,并通过分析明确了温度与盐度的最优组合.结果表明,吉富罗非鱼在温度与盐度较高或较低范围内受精率与孵化率都处于较低水平.温度和盐度的一次与二次效应对受精与孵化均有极显著的影响(P＜0.01).温度与盐度二者间协同效应不显著(P＞0.05).建立了吉富罗非鱼受精率与孵化率的多项式方程,复相关系数分别达到了0.957 8和0.960 1 (P＜0.01),可以用于预测吉富罗非鱼的受精率和孵化率.利用统计优化技术明确,在温度27.14℃,盐度8.95时,罗非鱼最佳的受精率为80.8％,孵化率为77.63％.本研究旨在考察温度与盐度同时变化对吉富罗非鱼受精率与孵化率的影响,探讨最佳温度－盐度组合以增加吉富罗非鱼苗种产量.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary thiamin supplement on immune responses and intestinal microflora in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)     

L. FENG  H.‐H. HUANG  Y. LIU  J. JIANG  W.‐D. JIANG  K. HU  S.‐H. LI  X.‐Q. ZHOU 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2011,17(5):557-569

This study was to investigate the effect of dietary thiamin on the immune response and intestinal microflora in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Seven diets (0.25, 0.48, 0.79, 1.06, 1.37, 1.63 and 2.65 mg thiamin kg^?1) were fed to Jian carp (8.20 ± 0.02 g). At the end of feeding trial, red blood cell counts and white blood cell counts increased with increasing dietary thiamin levels up to 0.79 and 1.06 mg kg^?1 diet, respectively (P < 0.05); Lactobacillus counts in intestine increased gradually, and maximum values obtained when the thiamin level was at 0.79 mg kg^?1 diet (P < 0.05). After the feeding trial, fish were injected with Aeromonas hydrophila only one time on the first day of the challenge trial and fed the same diets as the growth trial for 17 days. The survival rate, leucocyte phagocytic activity, lectin potency, acid phosphatase activity, lysozyme activity, total iron‐binding capacity and immunoglobulin M content of fish after being injected with A. hydrophila were all improved with increasing dietary thiamin levels up to a point, respectively (P < 0.05). These results suggested that thiamin could improve immune response and the balance of intestinal microflora of juvenile Jian carp.  相似文献   

急性硫化物胁迫对日本沼虾免疫和抗氧化系统的影响     

管越强  裴素蕊  李泽健 《水利渔业》2011,32(6)

日本沼虾（Macrobrachium nipponense）在硫化物浓度为0.4、1.2和4.0mg/L的水体中暴露48h,研究硫化物胁迫对其血液免疫指标和机体抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明,硫化物对日本沼虾的24、48、72、96hLC50分别为22.5、15.2、12.5、11.35mg/L。血细胞密度（THC）和吞噬活力（吞噬百分比和吞噬指数）随硫化物质量浓度升高而降低,至48h,0.4、1.2和4.0mg/L组的THC显著降低,分别为对照组的85.71%、70.75%和57.48%。各试验组沼虾的凝血时间与对照组相比延长,1.2mg/L和4.0mg/L组分别从12h和6h开始显著长于对照组（P〈0.05）。沼虾肌肉中的总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）随硫化物浓度的升高而降低,至48h,1.2mg/L和4.0mg/L组显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活力随硫化物浓度的升高而增强,至48h,1.2mg/L和4.0mg/L组的SOD活力显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）,表明日本沼虾免疫系统对低浓度硫化物有一定的耐受力;当硫化物浓度过高时,沼虾的免疫能力降低,对机体抗氧化系统产生显著影响。  相似文献   

小地老虎雄蛾对性信息素的行为反应     

向玉勇  杨茂发  施祖华  李子忠 《植物保护学报》2009,36(3):207-212

为深入了解小地老虎性信息素通讯系统,利用风洞技术测定了小地老虎雄蛾对性信息素各组分及其不同组合的行为反应.结果表明,5种单一组分Z7-12:Ac(A)、Z9-14:Ac(B)、Z11-16:Ac(C)、Z5-10:Ac(D)、Z8-12:Ac(E)只能引起雄蛾兴奋,均不能引起雄蛾向性信息素源定向飞行;当性信息素释放源为二元混合物AB时,能引起15.71%的雄蛾完成从兴奋到搜索释放源,并表现出预交尾的完整行为反应;在同等使用剂量下,三元混合物ABC的引诱效果最好,有40.58%的雄蛾能搜索释放源,26.15%的雄蛾表现预交尾行为.三元混合物ABC在最佳比例(3:1:1)下,制成不同剂量的诱芯进行风洞试验,结果发现剂量为100μg时雄蛾反应最强烈,有29.87%的雄蛾表现预交尾行为,50μg次之,二者间差异不显著(P≥0.05).  相似文献   

刺参呼吸树抗氧化防御酶类基因在夏眠期的表达特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王天明  杨红生  苏琳 《水产学报》2011,35(8):1172-1181

以夏眠刺参呼吸树为研究材料,研究了刺参抗氧化防御酶类的基因表达特征,共获得夏眠刺参的5个基因片段序列:铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu/Zn-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、磷脂氢谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(PHGPx)、过氧化物还原酶5(PRDX5)及过氧化物还原酶6(PRDX6),完成基因序列初步分析;利用荧光定量PCR技术,以NDUFA13 (NADH dehydrogenase［ubiquinone］1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13)和 ACTB (beta actin)基因为多内参,定量分析实验各阶段刺参抗氧化防御酶类基因表达量。结果表明,刺参抗氧化酶类基因与近、远源物种同源性均较高;现场调查实验结果显示,相对5月非夏眠刺参样品,8月夏眠刺参呼吸树组织Cu/ZnSOD及PRDX5基因表达上调,CAT及PHGPx基因表达量均出现显著下降。温度诱导夏眠实验证实Cu/ZnSOD基因在实验第0天表达量显著上升至2.01倍,并一直保持较高水平;CAT基因表达在实验第0天下调,第5天时出现上调,而在第10天和40天表达量均出现显著下降;PHGPX基因表达实验期间均出现显著下调,在第40天时降到最低,为0.34倍;PRDX5基因表达在实验第0天出现显著上调至1.55倍,第5天回落后呈现上升,于第40天达到高值1.91倍;PRDX6基因表达在实验第10、20天出现显著下调。  相似文献   

Effects of prebiotic mannan oligosaccharide on the growth,survival, and anxiety-like behaviors of zebrafish (Danio rerio)     

Mohammad Navid Forsatkar  Gholamreza Rafiee  Hamid Farahmand  Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2017,29(2):183-196

A study was designed to investigate the possible positive prebiotic effects of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on growth and reduction of anxiety behaviors in zebrafish (Danio rerio). The experimental diets were supplemented with 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 g MOS kg^?1 and were fed to juvenile fish (0.47 ± 0.017 g) in triplicates for six weeks. Significant differences were found in the final body weight, body weight intake, percent body weight intake, and specific growth rate among treatments. The regression analyses showed that the optimum MOS level was 4–4.1 g MOS kg^?1 diet. Fish fed 4 g MOS kg^?1 feed showed higher survival than the other treatments. Also, using the novel tank test, fish fed with 4 g MOS kg^?1 diet showed lower anxiety by swimming in the upper portion of the tank. The other behavior parameters remained unaffected by the prebiotic. The results indicated the beneficial effect of the prebiotic MOS on growth and partly on welfare of zebrafish juveniles.  相似文献   

Effects of biofloc under different carbon sources and protein levels on water quality,growth performance and immune responses in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1978)          下载免费PDF全文

Sujeet Kumar  Panantharayil S Shyne Anand  Debasis De  Ashutosh D Deo  Tapas K Ghoshal  Jitendra K Sundaray  Alphis G Ponniah  Karingalakkandy Poochirian Jithendran  Ramalingam Ananda Raja  Gouranga Biswas  Natarajan Lalitha 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(3):1168-1182

A 75‐day 2 × 3 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two levels of dietary protein (32 and 40%) and two different carbon sources (rice flour–R and molasses‐M), and without carbohydrate (control–C) in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon juveniles (3.37 ± 0.04 g) at 100 nos. m^?3 in 100 L fibre reinforced plastic tanks. Biofloc volume and total suspended solid were higher in molasses added groups (32 + M and 40 + M) followed by rice flour (32 + R and 40 + R) and controls (32C and 40C). Molasses and rice flour addition significantly reduced (P < 0.01) the total ammonia–N compared to controls. The highest Vibrio, Bacillus and Lactobacillus counts were recorded in 40 + M, 32 + M and 32 + R respectively. Among the treatments, significantly higher (P < 0.01) final body weight was recorded in 40 + R (8.5 ± 0.3 g), 40 + M (7.8 ± 0.3 g) and 32 + R (7.5 ± 0.4 g) compared to control groups, 32C (6.1 ± 0.3 g), 40C (6.4 ± 0.3 g) and molasses added group, 32 + M (5.7 ± 0.4 g). Rice flour supplementation significantly increased (P < 0.01) the total haemocyte count (×10⁶ cells mL^?1) in 32 + R (45.7 ± 3.7) and 40 + R (44.3 ± 3.1) compared to controls, 32C (27.3 ± 3.4) and 40C (25.8 ± 0.9). Similarly, higher superoxide dismutase, catalase, serum protein and glucose were recorded in the rice flour added groups, 40 + R followed by 32 + R. Among the treatments, the highest level of prophenoloxidase (OD 490 nm, 0.3 ± 0.0) and survival after challenge with Vibrio harveyi (55.6%) was observed in 32 + R. The study elucidates that rice flour addition produces optimum level of biofloc with better growth and immune responses compared to molasses and control. Furthermore, rice flour addition at 32% protein level could replace 40% protein feed.  相似文献