Methods of microbial control in marine fish larval rearing: clay‐based turbidity and passive larval transfer          下载免费PDF全文

Kevin Stuart  Federico Rotman  Mark Drawbridge 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(8):2470-2480

This study focused on methods to reduce bacterial loads in the larval culture tanks of California yellowtail (Seriola lalandi). We conducted two trials to evaluate methods to minimize bacterial loads in the larval rearing water. The first trial examined the use of bentonite clay as a turbidity agent to replace algae in a green water‐type environment. This trial consisted of three treatments: (1) clay with continuous feeding (CCO), (2) clay with batch feedings (CBA) and (3) algae paste with batch feedings (ALG). The results showed that both clay treatments had significantly fewer Vibrio colonies in the water column (CBA – 180 ± 78; CCO – 377 ± 120 CFU mL^?1) than the ALG treatment (5692 ± 2396 CFU mL^?1) after 14 days of culture. Survival was significantly higher in the CCO treatment (14.1 ± 2.6%) than either the CBA (2.3 ± 0.5%) or ALG treatments (2.8 ± 1.5%). The second trial attempted to limit bacterial loading in the larval culture tank by passively transferring the larvae into an adjacent, clean tank at 1, 5 and 9 days post hatch during the first 2 weeks of culture. The results from this trial showed that after 12 days of culture, water in the transfertank had fewer Vibrio colonies (1025 ± 541 CFU mL^?1) than the water in the control tanks (1962 ± 1415 CFU mL^?1). Also, survival was significantly higher among larvae that were transferred (43.9 ± 13.5%) than in the control tanks (23.1 ± 6.3%).  相似文献   

High‐quality spontaneous spawning in greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili,Risso 1810) and its comparison with GnRHa implants or injections          下载免费PDF全文

Samira Sarih  Adnane Djellata  Antonino La Barbera  Hipólito Fernández‐Palacios Vallejo  Javier Roo  Marisol Izquierdo  Hipólito Fernández‐Palacios 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(10):3442-3450

Production of sufficient high‐quality eggs of greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) still constitutes the main bottleneck for commercial production of this species. The main objective of this study was to compare the quality of spontaneous spawn of greater amberjack with those obtained by either GnRHa injection or GnRHa implant protocols. Captive amberjack broodstock were distributed in three circular tanks of 40 m³. Broodstock from Tank 1 were not hormonally induced and spawned spontaneously, whereas those of Tank 2 were intramuscularly injected with GnRHa (20 µg/kg body weight) and those of Tank 3 were given EV‐500 µg GnRHa implants. The number of eggs per spawn obtained in the broodstock without hormonal treatment was larger than in those obtained with injections or implants. Egg quality was best in broodstock with spontaneous spawn, followed by GnRHa‐injected fish and then GnRHa implants. Besides, size of larvae from control and injected broodstock was similar between them and significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those from GnRHa implant spawn. Overall, this study showed that it is possible to obtain very high‐quality spontaneous spawn in greater amberjack, providing the adequate conditions. Furthermore, GnRHa weekly injections lead to similar egg viability and hatching rates than spontaneous spawn and higher fertilization rates than GnRHa hormonal implants, which is better than in previous studies.  相似文献   

黄条鰤线粒体全基因组测序及结构特征分析     

史宝  柳学周  刘永山  张言祥  高全义  徐永江  王滨  姜燕  宋雪松 《中国水产科学》2019,26(3):405-415

通过二代测序、软件拼接获得中国黄海海域黄条鰤(Seriola aureovittata)线粒体基因组全序列。其序列全长为16609 bp,碱基组成分别为A(26.68%)、G(17.84%)、C(30.12%)和T(25.36%);共有13条蛋白编码基因, 22个tRNA基因, 2个rRNA基因,除NAD6、trnQ、trnA、trnN、trnC、trnY、trnS、trnE、trnP外,其余基因均在H链上编码。黄条鰤线粒体基因组全序列与蛋白编码基因的A+T含量分别为52.05%和51.085%,具有明显的AT偏好性。线粒体基因中存在2个散在重复序列,分别位于NAD1基因序列正义链的中游和COX2基因序列反义链的上游。在其22个tRNA基因中,除了tRNAGly外,均具有典型的三叶草二级结构。黄条鰤线粒体基因组的蛋白编码基因起止位点与密码子除COX1、NAD5外,均与日本海域出产的黄条鰤(Seriola lalandi)完全吻合,且COX1、NAD5基因皆短于日本黄条鰤;两者间存在一定的遗传差异。基于18种隶属于13属的鲹科鱼类线粒体基因组全序列构建系统发生树,可知小甘鲹(Seriolina nigrofasciata)、黄条鰤、五条鰤(Seriola quinqueradiata)、高体鰤(Seriola dumerili)、长鳍鰤(Seriola rivoliana)同属一近支,且黄条鰤与五条鰤亲缘关系最近,与小甘鲹进化距离较远。  相似文献   

黄条仔稚幼鱼消化酶活性变化研究     

张正荣  柳学周  于毅  史宝  张言祥  徐永江  王滨  姜燕  孙冉冉 《渔业科学进展》2020,41(2):61-68

为了解黄条(Seriola aureovittata)早期发育阶段的消化生理特性,测定了黄条胚胎、仔稚幼鱼阶段脂肪酶、淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和碱性磷酸酶活性变化。结果显示,在黄条仔鱼出膜前胚胎阶段,即能检测到脂肪酶、淀粉酶和碱性磷酸酶活性;初孵仔鱼体内(1 d)初次检测出胰蛋白酶的活性。脂肪酶和碱性磷酸酶比活力在仔鱼孵化后迅速增强(P<0.05),在4 d开口时,2种酶比活力达最高值;淀粉酶比活力在7 d时达最大值;胰蛋白酶比活力在仔鱼阶段缓慢上升,15 d时比活力最大。稚鱼阶段内脏团中脂肪酶、碱性磷酸酶和胰蛋白酶活性基本维持稳定,幼鱼阶段内脏团脂肪酶、碱性磷酸酶和胰蛋白酶活性都呈现上升趋势;稚鱼和幼鱼阶段内脏团中淀粉酶活性下降并基本稳定于较低水平。研究表明,黄条仔稚幼鱼发育过程中,各种消化酶活性变化明显,且与其发育阶段和食性密切相关。在尚未摄食饵料的早期仔鱼体内已存在消化酶,认为其是母源传递而来,不是由外源性饵料所致;幼鱼阶段内脏团脂肪酶、碱性磷酸酶和胰蛋白酶比活力明显提高,这反映出随苗种生长发育,其肠道结构和消化机能逐渐完善,并且对脂肪、蛋白质的需求逐渐增强。  相似文献   

Oceanographic habitat suitability is positively correlated with the body condition of a coastal‐pelagic fish     

Curtis Champion  Alistair J. Hobday  Gretta T. Pecl  Sean R. Tracey 《Fisheries Oceanography》2020,29(1):100-110

Species distribution models are commonly used to determine a species’ probability of occurrence but have not been used to examine the effect of environmental habitat suitability on fish condition, which is considered to be an integrated measure of physiological status. Here, we test for a relationship between oceanographic habitat suitability and the body condition of kingfish (Seriola lalandi) from eastern Australia. We (a) test whether individuals sampled from areas of high‐quality habitat were in better condition than individuals sampled from areas of low‐quality habitat, and (b) assess whether the condition of kingfish responded to oceanographic habitat suitability predicted at varying time‐before‐capture periods. Kingfish habitat was modelled as a function of sea surface temperature, sea‐level anomaly and eddy kinetic energy in a generalized additive modelling framework. Model predictions were made over one‐ to six‐week time‐before‐capture periods and compared to field‐derived kingfish condition data measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Oceanographic habitat suitability was significantly correlated with kingfish condition at time‐before‐capture periods ranging from one to four weeks and became increasingly correlated at shorter lead‐times. Our results highlight that (a) fish condition can respond sensitively to environmental variability and this response can be detected using oceanographic habitat suitability models, and (b) climate change may drive extensions in species range limits through spatial shifts in oceanographic habitat quality that allow individuals to persist beyond historical range boundaries without their body condition being compromised.  相似文献   

海水网箱养殖高体鰤弧菌病病理学研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吴后波 《水产学报》1999,23(2)

高体鰤(Ｓｅｒｉｏｌａｄｕｍｅｒｉｌｉ)弧菌病是流行于广东、海南等沿海地区高体鰤网箱养殖场的一种由弧菌属细菌引起的传染病,每年春夏之交、秋季发病达高峰,严重发病时死亡率可达90%以上,危害十分严重。我们在调查了其流行规律、明确其致病菌是哈维氏弧菌(Ｖｉｂｒｉｏｈａｒｖｅｙｉ)[吴后波和潘金培1997]的基础上,为了全面查明其发病机理,找到更加有效的防治方法,对其血液病理及组织病理进行了研究。1　材料与方法　　试验用鱼:健康鱼取自广东省深圳市南澳镇东山村海水网箱养殖场,平均体重45ｇ,体长14ｃｍ,病鱼由健康鱼经致病菌人工感…  相似文献   

Qualitative analysis of cartilaginous jaw element malformation in cultured yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) larvae          下载免费PDF全文

Betzabel Jara  Marcelo Abarca  Rodolfo Wilson  Sebastián Krapivka  Ana Mercado  Ricardo Guiñez  Lorena Marchant 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(8):4420-4428

A central problem facing worldwide culture of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) is the presence of skeletal malformations, including jaw deformities. This study presents a morphological characterization of normal and abnormal cartilage jaw structures during early larval development. Samples of 70–150 larvae were collected from three cohorts from 2 to 9 days post hatching, anaesthetized and fixed for cartilage staining. Cartilaginous components were defined clearly at four days post hatch (dph) (4.65 ± 0.05 mm total length), and abnormal jaw structures were detectable at this time. Jaw deformities observed included extension of Meckel's cartilage with or without ventral bending of the anterior tip, displacement of ceratohyal and hypohyal cartilage ventrally and below Meckel's cartilage, and shortening and dorsal flexion of the lower jaw. At 4 dph, between 44% and 47% of all larvae examined had jaw abnormalities. The contribution of each deformity to the total number of deformities was variable among the three cohorts examined. To compare shape difference accurately we performed an exploratory, landmark‐based geometric morphometric analysis using seven homologous landmarks. Larvae were classified into three jaw morphology groups. The geometric morphometric approach provides a useful tool to standardize classification of cartilage jaw abnormalities at early developmental larval stages. Early recognition of developing abnormalities is of importance for fish farmers in both improving fish selection efficiency and for evaluating effects of rearing parameters.  相似文献   

黄条鰤白介素-1β基因克隆及其免疫应答分析          下载免费PDF全文

王琳  王滨  徐永江  关长涛 《渔业科学进展》2023,44(4):64-73

白介素-1β是一种典型的促炎细胞因子,参与调控免疫细胞增殖、分化和凋亡等过程。本研究从黄条鰤(Seriola aureovittata)中鉴定到2个白介素-1β分子(分别命名为SaIL-1β1和SaIL-1β2)。SaIL-1β1全长cDNA序列为1 292 bp,开放阅读框长度为828 bp,编码275个氨基酸;SaIL-1β2 cDNA序列为1 337 bp,开放阅读框长度为960 bp,编码319个氨基酸。SaIL-1β1和SaIL-1β2编码的蛋白均含有IL-1保守的结构域和12个β折叠,具有结构上的保守性。组织表达分布显示,SaIL-1β1在头肾中表达量最高,脾脏和肝脏次之;而SaIL-1β2在鳃中表达量最高,头肾和脾脏次之。脂多糖(LPS)刺激后,SaIL-1β1和SaIL-1β2在头肾和脾脏中的表达量均显著增加。在头肾中,LPS刺激后6 h,SaIL-1β1急剧上升至对照组的10.03倍(P<0.05),随后逐渐回落,在12、24、48、72 h分别为对照组的7.15、4.09、2.71、3.03倍(P<0.05);在刺激后6 h,SaIL-1β2表达量急剧上升至对照组的11.49 倍(P<0.05),最后逐渐回落,48 h恢复至正常水平,72 h下降至对照组的0.29倍(P<0.05)。脾脏中,LPS刺激后6 h,SaIL-1β1表达量急剧上升至对照组的6.59倍(P<0.05),随后逐渐回落;SaIL-1β2转录水平表达模式与SaIL-1β2相似。综上,本研究在黄条鰤中鉴定了2种白介素-1β分子,并探讨了其在免疫应答中的表达规律,为研究白介素-1β分子在黄条鰤抗菌免疫中的作用提供了基础。  相似文献   

Development of a practical soy‐based diet for California yellowtail,Seriola lalandi     

D. JIRSA  A. DAVIS  K. STUART  M. DRAWBRIDGE 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2011,17(4):e869-e874

Two feeding trials were conducted to initiate the development of a practical soy‐based diet for California yellowtail (YT), Seriola lalandi. The first trial evaluated fish meal (FM), FM + solvent‐extracted soybean meal (SBM) or FM + soy protein concentrate (SPC)‐based diets and a commercial reference diet (Skretting Marine Grower). Final weights (31.8–67.6 g), per cent gain (492.8–1059.9%) and feed conversion ratio (1.11–1.59) all followed a similar response in that fish offered the commercial diet performed significantly better than fish maintained on the other diets. The second trial was designed to evaluate the replacement of FM with increasing levels of soy protein. The basal diet contained 400 g kg^?1 FM and 240 g kg^?1 SBM. The FM was then reduced to 300 g kg^?1, 200 g kg^?1 and 150 g kg^?1 of the diet using SPC as the replacement protein. Final weight (41.2–64.1 g) and per cent gain (110.5–226.5%) followed similar trends with decreases in performance as the FM level was reduced. No gross signs of enteritis were noted, indicating that reduced performance was likely due to nutrient deficiencies or palatability problems rather than an allergic response. Results demonstrate that there is potential to develop reduced FM diets for this species using soy protein.  相似文献   

高体鱼师人工育苗技术研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈昌生 《水产学报》1998,22(1)

福建海区人工养殖的高体于５～７月繁殖,盛期为５月中旬～６月中旬。成熟亲鱼注射ＨＣＧ就可产卵,产卵率２０％～９０％,受精率７０％～８９．８％,孵化率６１．９％～８２％。水温２２～２８℃、盐度３２～３５有利仔、稚、幼鱼的生长发育。苗种培育期间加强了水质管理、饵料生物的营养强化和病害防治等工作,培育出平均叉长为３３．５ｍｍ的幼鱼２２．４万尾,确立一套较完善的育苗生产工艺。  相似文献