Effect of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides on growth performances and digestive enzyme activities of allogynogenetic crucian carp (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Carassius auratus gibelio</Emphasis>)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xu B  Wang Y  Li J  Lin Q 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2009,35(3):351-357

The effect of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides (XOS) on the growth performance and digestive enzyme activities of the allogynogenetic crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, was investigated. XOS was added to fish basal semi-purified diets at three concentrations by dry feed weight: diet 1, 50 mg kg⁻¹; diet 2, 100 mg kg⁻¹; diet 3, 200 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. Twelve aquaria (n = 20) with three replicates for each treatment group (diets 1–3) and control treated without XOS were used. Weights of all collected carp from each aquarium were determined at the initial phase and at the end of the experiment, and the carp survival was also determined by counting the individuals in each aquarium. After 45 days, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the relative gain rate (RGR), and daily weight gain (DWG) of diets 1–3 were compared with the control. However, the survival rate was not affected (P > 0.05) by the dietary treatments. For enzymatic analysis, dissection produced a crude mixture of intestine and hepatopancreas of each segment to measure. The protease activity in the intestine and hepatopancreas content of fish in diet 2 (487.37 ± 20.58 U g⁻¹ and 20.52 ± 1.93 U g⁻¹) were significantly different (P < 0.05) from that in the control (428.13 ± 23.26 U g⁻¹ and 12.81 ± 1.52 U g⁻¹) and diet 3 (428.00 ± 23.78 U g⁻¹ and 14.04 ± 1.59 U g⁻¹). Amylase activity in the intestine was significantly higher for diet 2 compared to diet 1 and the control. As for amylase in the hepatopancreas, assays showed higher activity in diet 2 (P < 0.05) compared to the rest.  相似文献   

New detection of Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in mass mortality event of Carassius carassius (L.), in Italy          下载免费PDF全文

G Fichi  F Susini  C Cocumelli  A Cersini  M Salvadori  M Guarducci  G Cardeti 《Journal of fish diseases》2016,39(12):1523-1527

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磷与植酸酶对异育银鲫磷代谢的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

汪益峰  周维仁  章世元  宦海林  薛飞  徐小明  丁丽  顾金 《江苏农业学报》2009,25(4)

采用二因子五水平二次正交旋转组合设计,磷水平分别为1.059%、 1.100%、 1.200%、 1.300%、 1.341%;植酸酶水平分别为0、 0.003%、 0.010%、 0.017%、 0.020%,共9组.将960尾异育银鲫随机分成9组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾.结果表明:当磷含量为1.100%、植酸酶含量为0.020%时,生产性能最佳,增重率达26.28%,回归方程为:Y=25.14-0.99x1+0.08x2-1.39x21+0.34x22-1.10x1x2, R2=0.94*(Y表示增重率,x1表示磷含量,x2表示植酸酶含量);当磷含量为1.059%、植酸酶含量为0.01%时,磷的排放量最低,为1.09×10-2 mg/(g·d),回归方程为:Y=2.39-0.05x1+0.17x2-0.61x21-0.05x22-0.16x1x2,R2=0.91*(Y表示磷的排放量,x1表示磷含量,x2表示植酸酶含量);当磷含量为1.200%、植酸酶含量为0.010%时,能使植酸降解率达到最大值84.48%,回归方程为:Y=82.95-1.82x1+4.78x2-10.67x21-8.83x22-2.41x1x2,R2=0.91*(Y表示植酸的降解率,x1表示磷含量,x2表示植酸酶含量).  相似文献   

微生态制剂对异育银鲫生长性能及免疫机能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

丁丽  章世元  周维仁  宦海琳  闫俊书  徐小明  顾金 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(11):5689-5691,5779

[目的]研究复合微生态制剂对异育银鲫生长和免疫机能的影响,找出合理的菌种搭配。[方法]选择酵母菌、乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌为试验菌种,采用L9（3^4）正交设计法配制成9种复合微生态制剂,选择体重相近异育银鲫为试验动物,随机分为9组,每组设4个重复,每个重复20尾,饲喂添加不同复合微生态制剂的饲料,试验期为60d,测定各组的生长指标、头肾指数、脾指数、血清溶菌酶和超氧化物歧化酶。[结果]3种单一益生菌制剂对异育银鲫生长性能的影响的主次顺序为：酵母菌〉芽孢杆菌〉乳酸菌,促进异育银鲫生长较优的微生态制剂组合为酵母菌（0.08%）、乳酸菌（0.03%）和枯草芽孢杆菌（0.01%）;在免疫机能中,芽孢杆菌对异育银鲫免疫器官指数和溶菌酶的影响最大,而酵母菌对血清SOD影响最大。[结论]酵母菌、乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌3种益生菌搭配可以促进异育银鲫的生长,改善鱼体的免疫机能。  相似文献   

饲料中添加晶体或包膜氨基酸对异育银鲫生长和血清游离氨基酸水平的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

冷向军  王冠  李小勤  胡斌  杨志刚 《水产学报》2007,31(6):743-748

进行了二个试验考察饲料中添加晶体或包膜氨基酸对异育银鲫生长和血清游离氨基酸水平的影响。试验Ⅰ设计了鱼粉含量为18%和9%的两种基础饲料(分别为高鱼粉对照组、低鱼粉对照组),在低鱼粉对照组中分别添加晶体形式、环糊精包膜、淀粉包膜的赖氨酸0.23%、蛋氯酸0.09%,饲养平均体重2.48 g的异育银鲫鱼种6周。结果表明,高鱼粉对照组、低鱼粉对照组、晶体氨基酸组、环糊精包膜氨基酸组、淀粉包膜氨基酸组的鱼体增重率分别为214.3%、169.8%、173.3%、204.7%、203.2%,与低鱼粉对照组相比,添加晶体氨基酸对异育银鲫的生长无改善(P>0.10),但添加环糊精包膜或淀粉包膜氨基酸提高了鱼体增重率20.5%、19.7%(P<0.05),饲料系数下降0.40、0.39(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ在鱼粉含量为6%的基础饲料分别添加晶体形式、环糊精包膜、淀粉包膜的赖氨酸0.20%、蛋氨酸0.08%,在异育银鲫成鱼(平均体重220 g)摄食上述4种饲料后1、3、5、12h,尾静脉采血测定血清游离氨基酸浓度,结果表明,添加晶体氨基酸使血清游离氨基酸的吸收峰值提前,相对于晶体氨基酸而言,环糊精包膜或淀粉包膜氨基酸则使血清游离氨基酸的吸收峰值出现不同程度的延迟。上述研究表明,晶体氨基酸经环糊精、淀粉包膜处理后,其在消化道的吸收速度减缓,可利用性显著提高。  相似文献   

牛磺酸对鲫鱼脂肪消化吸收的影响     

赵小锋  王治业  周剑平  栗强  邱小琮 《水产科学》2007,26(8):453-454

将0.20%、0.40%、0.60%、0.80%的牛磺酸添加到基础饲料中,以基础饲料为对照,饲喂鲫鱼(45~52 g)15 d后,测定脂肪消化吸收率。试验结果表明:牛磺酸可极显著地提高鲫鱼对脂肪的消化吸收率(P<0.01);其中,0.40%组效果最佳,比对照组提高10.19%。脂肪消化率的提高,是牛磺酸促进鱼体生长速度加快的主要原因之一。  相似文献   

氯霉素在草鱼和复合四倍体异育银鲫体内的比较药代动力学   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

李爱华 《中国兽医学报》1998,(4)

研究并比较了给草鱼和复合四倍体异育银鲫（简称高倍体鲫鱼）单次腹腔注射氯霉素１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ后的药代动力学特征。采用ＨＰＬＣ测定血液中氯霉素的浓度。试验期间水温为（２０±２）℃。结果表明,氯霉素在这２种鱼体内的处置过程相似,均可用带一级吸收的二室开放模型进行描述;药物从腹腔吸收迅速,给药后分别在０．９２ｈ和０．６３ｈ血中浓度达到高峰,无吸收时滞;在草鱼和高倍体鲫鱼体内药物的ｔ１２β相近,分别为１１．９ｈ和１１．１ｈ,但体清除率（ＣｌＢ）相差较大;氯霉素在高倍体鲫鱼体内比在草鱼体内有更强的亲组织性,总表观分布容积（Ｖｄ）分别为２．０７和１．２０Ｌ／ｋｇ。  相似文献   

瓯江鲫鱼胸鳍的波动性不对称、两性异形和生育     

雷焕宗  林植华  樊晓丽  鲍正华  高柄让  华和亮 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2007,25(4):347-352,373

研究浙江瓯江鲫鱼胸鳍的波动性不对称、两性异形和生育力。雌雄两性的鳍长、鳍条数的不对称均属波动性不对称。雌雄两性的胸鳍长和鳍条数的不对称指数之间相关关系不显著。雌性个体显著大于雄性个体,特定体长的雄性胸鳍长显著大于雌性,雄性的鳍条数显著大于雌性。鳍长和鳍条数的不对称指数雌雄两性差异不显著,雌雄两性鳍条数对称个体的比例差异不显著。以体长和时间为控制变量,怀卵数量与鳍长和鳍条数的不对称指数具有显著的负相关,与鳍长和鳍条数的相关不显著。以体长和发育时间为控制变量,平均卵重与鳍条数的不对称指数具有显著的正相关,与其他变量的相关不显著。分析表明,雄性较大的胸鳍可能与雄性的性选择有关,胸鳍的波动性不对称可能提供了一种发育历程的指示,间接影响雌性生育力。  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) after intravenous and intramuscular administration          下载免费PDF全文

F. Yang  F. Yang  G. Wang  W. Shi  T. Kong  P. Yang  D. Bai  B. Zhou 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(4):599-604

The pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin was studied after a single dose (7.5 mg/kg) of intravenous or intramuscular administration to crucian carp (Carassius auratus ) reared in freshwater at 25°C. Plasma samples were collected from six fish per sampling point. Orbifloxacin concentrations were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography with a 0.02 μg/ml limit of detection, then were subjected to noncompartmental analysis. After intravenous injection, initial concentration of 5.83 μg/ml, apparent elimination rate constant (λ_z) of 0.039 hr^?1, apparent elimination half‐life (T_1/2λz) of 17.90 hr, systemic total body clearance (Cl) of 75.47 ml hr^?1 kg^?1, volume of distribution (Vz) of 1,948.76 ml/kg, and volume of distribution at steady‐state (Vss) of 1,863.97 ml/kg were determined, respectively. While after intramuscular administration, the λ_z, T _1/2λz, mean absorption time (MAT ), absorption half‐life (T _1/2ka), and bioavailability were determined as 0.027 hr^?1, 25.69, 10.26, 7.11 hr, and 96.46%, respectively, while the peak concentration was observed as 3.11 ± 0.06 μg/ml at 2.0 hr. It was shown that orbifloxacin was completely but relatively slowly absorbed, extensively distributed, and slowly eliminated in crucian carp, and an orbifloxacin dosage of 10 mg/kg administered intravenously or intramuscularly would be expected to successfully treat crucian carp infected by strains with MIC values ≤0.5 μg/ml.  相似文献   

黄霉素对异育银鲫生长和粗蛋白质消化率影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

冷向军  李小勤  刘尧军  熊流涛 《中国饲料》2005,(8):35-36

试验一采用平均体重为6.5g的异育银鲫鱼种315尾,在基础饲料(对照组)中分别添加4、8m g/kg黄霉素,经饲养21d后,各组异育银鲫增重率分别为49.4%、53.1%、56.9%,其中添加8m g/kg黄霉素显著提高了增重率(P<0.05);试验二采用平均体重为100g的鲫鱼45尾,以三氧化二铬作指示剂进行消化试验,各组干物质消化率分别为64.4%、66.8%、66.5%,粗蛋白质消化率分别为79.5%、82.5%、83.3%,添加4、8m g/kg黄霉素均显著提高了粗蛋白质消化率(P<0.05),有提高干物质消化率的趋势(P<0.10)。  相似文献