Exogenous eFSH, follicle coasting, and hCG as a novel superovulation regimen in mares   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

S.A. Welch MS  D.J. Denniston PhD  J.J. Hudson DVM  MS  J.E. Bruemmer PhD  P.M. McCue DVM  PhD  E.L. Squires PhD   《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2006,26(6):262-270

The objective of this study was to evaluate various equine follicle-stimulating hormone (eFSH) treatment protocols and the effect of “follicle coasting” on ovulation and embryo recovery rates in mares. Cycling mares (n = 40) were randomly assigned to one of four groups 7 days after ovulation: (1) 12.5 mg eFSH twice daily until follicles were 35 mm or larger; (2) 12.5 mg eFSH twice daily until follicles were 32 mm or larger; (3) 12.5 mg eFSH twice daily for 3.5 days followed by 12.5 mg eFSH enriched with luteinizing hormone (LH) twice daily until follicles were 35 mm or larger; and (4) 25 mg eFSH once daily until follicles were 32 mm or larger. Mares in groups 1 and 3 were injected with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (2500 IU intravenously) at the end of eFSH treatment, whereas mares in groups 2 and 4 were given hCG approximately 42 and 54 hours, respectively, after the last eFSH treatment (“follicle coasting”). Nonsurgical embryo collection was performed 6.5 to 7.5 days after ovulation. Each mare experienced a nontreated estrous cycle before being reassigned to a second treatment. Ovulation rates for mares in treatment groups 1 to 4 were 3.3 ± 0.4, 4.1 ± 0.4, 3.5 ± 0.4, and 2.8 ± 0.4 (mean ± SEM; P < .05), respectively. One or more embryos were recovered from more than 80% of mares in each treatment group, and embryo recovery rate per flush was similar among treatment groups (1.9 ± 0.3, 2.6 ± 0.3, 1.9 ± 0.3 and 1.9 ± 0.3, respectively; P > .05). The overall embryo recovery rate was 2.1 ± 1.5 embryos per flush. In summary, ovulation rate was higher for mares treated with eFSH (3.4 ± 0.4) compared with non-treated controls (1.1 ± 0.2). Ovulation rate in mares in which hCG was delayed (follicle coasting) was higher (P < .05) when treatments were given twice per day versus once per day. Administration of equine luteinizing hormone (eLH) in conjunction with eFSH did not have an advantage over mares treated only with eFSH.  相似文献   

Dam and Sire Effects on Sperm Penetration of the Perivitelline Layer of Eggs Produced by Two Strains of Commercial Turkeys     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2006,15(1):82-88

The reproductive performance of 2 commercial turkey breeder lines was examined using reciprocal crosses between sires and dams of each line. One line had been selected using artificial inseminations performed at biweekly intervals, whereas the second line had been selected using inseminations performed at weekly intervals. The hypothesis was proposed that sires and dams of the 2 lines differ because of different abilities for sperm to penetrate the inner perivitelline layer (IPVL) and fertilize eggs.Fertilized eggs to hatch poults for the experiment were obtained from the primary breeders and were incubated using conditions recommended by the industry. Hens (n = 72) and toms (n = 15) from each strain were identified and reared in preparation for a reproductive cycle using commercially accepted standards. Beginning just prior to the onset of egg production and at weekly intervals thereafter, half of the hens were inseminated with semen from males of the same line, whereas the remaining half received semen from the opposite line. Eggs were collected from the pens daily and set in incubators to determine fertility and embryo survival. At biweekly intervals 3 eggs per pen were used for counting sperm penetration holes in the IPVL. Data were collected for fertility, hatchability, and time that embryos died for each of the pens. Dam and sire affected IPVL penetration independently. A dam by sire interaction influenced fertility, whereas hatchability was affected only by dam. Thus, it is concluded that selection of dam and sires for commercial breeders alters IPVL sperm penetration ability of hens as well as egg-binding ability of sires.  相似文献   

花烛体细胞胚胎发生及植株再生研究     

辛伟杰  徐彬  王广东  郭维明  文方德  金剑平 《园艺学报》2006,33(6):1281-1286

 以花烛(Anthurium andraeanum Lind. ) 盆花品种无菌苗叶片、叶柄、根段为外植体, 对花烛体细胞胚胎发生及植株再生进行了研究, 建立了花烛体细胞胚胎发生体系。结果表明, 花烛叶片较其他外植体更适宜体细胞胚的诱导; 胚性愈伤组织及胚性结构诱导最适培养基为改良MS + 2, 4-D 2.0～3.0 mg·L ^{- 1} + KT 0.5 mg·L ^{- 1} +蔗糖2% +葡萄糖1% , pH 5.5, 暗培养40 d, 诱导率可达90.3%; 体胚发育适宜培养基为改良MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg·L ^{- 1} +蔗糖3% , 光强20 μmol·m ^-2 · s^-1 , 培养20 d后体胚萌发率达6219%; 萌发的体胚在发育培养基上继续培养30 d后均能发育成完整植株。对不同阶段培养材料的组织结构及超微结构的观察证明了花烛体胚发生过程。  相似文献   

序贯培养法对猪孤雌激活胚胎发育能力的影响     

刘珠果  邱业锋  沈晓峰  阎新龙  吴晓洁  叶华虎  林艳丽  邓继先 《中国兽医学报》2007,27(1):114-117

经体外成熟、孤雌激活和培养获得猪胚胎,研究了不同培养体系、共培养体细胞和序贯培养对猪孤雌激活胚胎发育的影响。试验表明:孤雌激活卵母细胞在SOF 10?S培养体系中分裂效果最好,添加胎牛血清的NCSU-23和颗粒细胞对胚胎发育有促进作用,培养6d后发育到桑囊胚的比率增加(P<0.05)。在序贯培养的前3d,SOF培养基(不含葡萄糖)和颗粒细胞对胚胎的发育有促进作用,分裂率(P<0.05)和突破4细胞阻滞的数目显著增加,在培养的后3d,添加胎牛血清的NCSU-23和输卵管上皮细胞能支持较多胚胎发育到桑囊胚,桑囊胚的发育率为(59.5±3.2)%(P<0.05)。结果表明,SOF培养基和颗粒细胞 添加胎牛血清的NCSU-23和输卵管上皮细胞的序贯培养系统能较好的促进胚胎的发育。  相似文献   

调节胚胎期代谢提高蛋鸡抗热应激能力     

孙镇平  朱王飞  蔡文瑜  荣娜  周保华 《中国兽医学报》2007,27(4):545-548,557

应用维生素E、维生素C及普鲁卡因组合的生理调节剂对蛋鸡胚胎期进行调控，试验分为对照组和3个不同剂量组合的试验组，即试验1组（VE＋VC）、试验2组（VE＋普鲁卡因）、试验3组（VE＋VC＋普鲁卡因），研究不同剂量及组合的胚胎调节剂对出壳后母鸡在热应激条件下生产性能、血液指标和卵泡的变化。试验结果显示：试验1组应激前后平均蛋重分别提高7．50％和9．82％（P〈0．01）；热应激期产蛋率提高5．81％（P〈0．05）。试验2组应激前后产蛋率分别提高了7．45％和9．69％（P〈0．01）。试验1、2、3组总产蛋量在应激前后均有提高，尤其试验1组和2组（P〈0．01）。常温期试验1组胰高血糖素和试验3组T4水平分别提高55．52％和10．03％（P〈0．01）；试验1、2、3组热应激期T4水平分别提高28．65％、132．74％和72．79％（P〈0．05）或（P〈0．01）。试验2组热应激期白蛋白水平和常温期葡萄糖水平分别提高27．36％和31．16％（P〈0．05）；试验3组常温期葡萄糖水平提高25．15％（P〈0．05）。试验2组异嗜性粒细胞和H／L的比值下降，单核细胞数上升（P〈0．05）。试验2组卵泡中大白泡和小白泡的数量显著增多（P〈0．05）。以上结果表明，补充适量的Ve、Vc和普鲁卡因能提高蛋鸡抗热应激能力，改善产蛋性能。  相似文献   

单精注射法生产转基因小鼠的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苗向阳  邵建军  方昌阁  丁淑燕  任慧英  朱瑞良 《畜牧兽医学报》2007,38(6):548-551

精子胞质内显微受精技术（ICSI）作为辅助受精的一种手段,将体外受精研究和胚胎的显微操作技术结合起来,比以往对精子质量的要求大大降低,使其无论在畜牧业生产实践还是在哺乳动物的生殖生理基础研究中都有着十分重要的意义。本研究用小鼠精子及小鼠精子与GFP基因孵育后对小鼠卵母细胞进行ICSI,获得子代鼠。提取鼠尾基因组DNA,应用PCR、Southern blot进行整合检测。在发育至成年的11只小鼠中经PCR和Southernblot检测到3只阳性（27.3%）。结果表明,利用ICSI技术可以高效地生产转基因小鼠。  相似文献   

水牛同期发情技术的研究     

梁贤威  覃广胜  陈明棠  廖朝辉  张秀芳  韦升菊  李忠权 《畜牧与兽医》2007,39(10):6-9

采用不同药物处理和给药方式,对不同品种水牛在不同季节自然发情和同期发情配种后的受胎效果进行系统研究,以期建立一套稳定的适合水牛同期发情的处理方法。试验选取本地水牛(102头)、摩拉水牛(129头)、尼里/拉菲水牛(98头)和杂交水牛(326头)共655头,分为5个组进行比较试验。结果表明:河流型摩拉水牛和尼里/拉菲水牛的同期发情率和配种受胎率均高于杂交水牛和本地水牛(P<0.05),但同为河流型的摩拉和尼里/拉菲水牛之间没有差异(P>0.05),以本地水牛效果最差,其同期发情率和配种受胎率分别为74.51%和30.39%;应用不同的药物处理时,以GnRH+PGF2α+GnRH效果最好,同期发情率和受胎率分别为88.46%和46.38%,其同期发情率显著高于其他各药物组(P<0.05),而用PGc的效果最差(分别为79.10%和33.21%);用PMSG肌注+PGc灌注法,其同期发情率和受胎率效果最好,显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),其次是PMSG肌注+PGc肌注法,PGc肌注法效果最差;在冬季进行同期发情处理时,同期发情率和受胎率最高(分别为83.75%和43.28%),明显高于其他各季节(P<0.05);水牛自然发情的人工授精受胎率和胚胎移植的受胎率均比同期发情的高,差异显著(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

分子修饰前后人参皂苷体外抗马立克氏病毒鸡胚成纤维细胞模型的建立     

张煜  褚秀玲  苏建青  郭志廷  韦旭斌 《中兽医医药杂志》2007,26(5):19-22

用雏鸡将马立克氏病毒(MDV)血毒复壮,分离发病鸡淋巴细胞并接种于鸡胚成纤维细胞,观察其病变。获得适应鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)的MD强毒,通过电镜观察、琼脂扩散实验进一步鉴定病毒,并建立了MDV感染CEF细胞模型,为研究人参皂苷及其衍生物的体外抗病毒作用及其机制奠定基础。  相似文献   

动物性别决定的分子机理及性别鉴定与控制新技术   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

段子渊 《中国牛业科学》1998,24(3):52-55

哺乳动物中位于Ｙ染色体短臂临界区域的ＳＲＹ基因启动雄性性状的发育。该基因在生殖腺脊中的表达可激发下游基因ＭＬＳ的转录,引起缪氏体抑制物和睾酮分泌,促使睾丸组织器官的发育。针对该基因制备特异探针或产该区域片段得到引物对就可用ＦＩＳＨ或ＰＣＲ准确,快速鉴定出植入母体前的胚胎性别,以及对精子筛选分离的结果作出准确评价。与ＰＣＲ相比,ＦＩＳＨ技术更具检测优势。  相似文献   

卵黄中脂肪酸含量的变化对鸡胚组成的影响     

李吕木 《中国家禽》1998,20(5):3-5

对孵化过程中,卵黄囊中各种脂肪酸的含量变化和鸡胚或出壳雏鸡机体的水分、脂肪和蛋白质的含量变化关系进行了两次试验。试验1于入孵的第6,9,12,15,18和21 d测定胚胎或出壳雏的湿重和干重、水分、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪的含量。试验2于入孵的第6,9,1 2,15和18 d测定胚胎的干重、湿重、卵黄脂类和脂肪酸的含量。结果表明试验1:胚体水分含量和胚体蛋白含量呈正相关,但和干胚重、体脂肪含量呈负相关。试验2卵黄中脂类含量和湿胚重、胚胎水分含量、卵黄中亚油酸含量呈正相关。而卵黄中脂类含量和干胚重、相对卵黄重呈负相关。相对干胚重(以入孵蛋重为基础)表现出和硬脂酸呈负相关,孵化过程中胚胎的水分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白含量受来自卵黄脂肪的影响是不同的。胚胎摄取的硬脂酸和亚油酸对胚胎的干物质组成和卵黄的花生四烯酸浓度的影响是不同的。  相似文献