Evaluation of Thermal Environment of Cowshed and Correlation Analysis Between Thermal Parameter and Physiological Parameter of Dairy Cows in Central Plain of Hebei     

ZHAO Shoupei  LI Xuemei  GAO Yuhong  SUN Xinsheng  GUO Jianjun  HAO Zangen  MAO Sen 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(11):3510-3517

The purpose of this study was to evaluate thermal environment of cowshed in four seasons in central plain of Hebei,and analyze the correlation between the temperature parameters and physiological indexes of dairy cows.Three dairy cow houses with different building structures were selected,the thermal parameters (ambient temperature (Ta) and relative humidity (RH)) and physiological parameters (respiratory rate,rectal temperature and body surface temperature) were detected.The results showed that the Ta,RH and index of temperature and humidity (THI) changed significantly in four seasons (P<0.05),the average daily temperature in summer was the highest (28.59 ℃),and the average daily temperature in winter was the lowest (1.55 ℃).In summer,dairy cows were suffering from mild heat stress for 15.5 h every day,and from moderate heat stress for 6.0 h.In winter,dairy cows were under mild cold stress for an average of 12.0 h per day.The Ta and THI of three cowsheds in each season had no significant differece (P>0.05),except for that in winter.Compared with the cowshed with low wall or roller blind,the average Ta in the cowshed with only roof was 0.80-1.27 ℃ higher in summer and 1.36-1.84 ℃ lower in winter.In addition,the physiological parameters of dairy cows were extremely significantly higher in summer than those in other seasons (P<0.01).The respiration frequency or rectal temperature of cows among cowsheds in summer were significantly different (P<0.05),and the seasonal difference in body surface temperature was significant (P<0.05).Correlation analysis of thermal parameters and cow physiological parameters showed that the respiratory frequency,rectal temperature and body surface temperature were positively correlated with THI and Ta (P<0.05).However,there was no significant correlation between physiological parameters and RH (P>0.05).The results provided scientific basis for environment evaluation of cows,and physiological status of dairy cows were inferred according to environmental thermal parameters,which provided data for occurrence and early warning of stress.  相似文献   

1株高致病性血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒的分离与鉴定   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

贺文琦  陆慧君  宋德光  陈艳玲  李志萍  周玉  常灵竹  高丰 《中国兽医学报》2007,27(6):781-784

利用细胞培养方法从临床表现神经症状的死亡仔猪脑组织内分离获得1株病毒,同时对该病毒进行电镜负染观察、昆明种小鼠致病性试验、RT-PCR检测和部分基因测序分析。电镜观察可见细胞培养物中有大量的直径约115 nm的冠状病毒样粒子;接种病毒的小鼠均出现典型的神经症状,死亡率100%;血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒(HEV)特异性引物RT-PCR扩增结果阳性;其S基因序列与GenBank中登录的HEV-67 N相应基因序列的同源性高达99.6%。结果表明,分离的病毒为猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒,分离株暂命名为HEV-CC-2007。  相似文献   

抗盐酸克伦特罗单链抗体基因的克隆、序列分析及表达     

霍方珍  卢士英  周玉  杨正涛  柳增善 《中国兽医学报》2007,27(6):882-886

提取分泌抗盐酸克伦特罗单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株的总RNA,通过RT-PCR技术,扩增VH和VL,用一段柔性肽链-(G4S)3将VH和VL连接成ScFv。测序后经NCBI Blast分析,所得ScFv具有重组功能性鼠抗体可变区基因的特征。将所得目的基因与pET-22b( )连接,转化E.coli BL21,用IPTG诱导表达,表达蛋白经SDS-PAGE分析,37℃培养5 h表达量较大,25℃诱导表达以可溶性为主。  相似文献   

壮筋补骨丸促进家兔人工骨折愈合的组织学观察     

张永斌  黄永  邹移海  王萧 《动物医学进展》2007,28(11):46-49

为客观评价壮筋补骨丸促进骨折愈合的作用,选用30只雄性新西兰兔造成右侧桡骨3 mm完全缺损的骨折模型,随机分为模型组、伤科组和壮筋组,分别给予生理盐水、伤科接骨片和壮筋补骨丸灌胃,连续4周.各组动物每周处死3只,取样进行HE染色、Masson染色和PAS染色观察,并于术后28 d取右侧桡骨(骨折骨)进行扫描电镜观察.结果表明,壮筋组较模型组及伤科组提前1周PAS和Masson染色呈阳性,于2周后观察到胶原纤维大量出现,成骨过程明显快于模型组.电镜观察显示模型组术后4周骨痂生长,胶原纤维交错排列,未出现成熟的骨细胞,而伤科组及壮筋组术后4周胶原纤维平行簇状排列,出现了板质骨和骨细胞,与模型组比较差异明显,表明壮筋补骨丸能促进新西兰兔骨折愈合.  相似文献   

禽腺联病毒全基因组的克隆及感染性病毒的拯救     

王建业  孙怀昌  朱国强 《中国预防兽医学报》2007,29(11):825-829

为了克隆禽腺联病毒(Avian adeno-associated virus,AAAV)全基因组用于构建基因转移载体研究,以鸡胚致死孤儿病毒(CELO)作为辅助病毒与AAAV共接种SPF鸡胚进行AAAV的增殖,将AAAV约4.7kb双链基因组DNA与pCR2.1载体连接,构建了含AAAV全基因组的重组质粒pAAAV并进行了测序。序列分析表明,AAAV YZ-1株的基因组为4684bp,两端具有141bp的末端倒置重复序列和Rep蛋白结合位点特征序列,与GenBank中收录的AAAV DA-1株和VR-865株的核苷酸序列同源性分别为95.0%和92.2%。将pAAAV质粒转染CELO病毒感染的鸡胚肝细胞系,获得了感染性AAAV病毒粒子,结果证明克隆的AAAV基因组中存在与病毒复制和包装相关的正确关键序列,可用于重组AAAV载体的构建。  相似文献   

大熊猫犬冠状病毒部分S基因的克隆与全S基因序列分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

关振宏  胡桂学  夏咸柱  高凤山  逄博  乔军 《中国预防兽医学报》2006,28(1):33-37

从重庆某动物园死亡的大熊猫肝脏中分离到一株病毒，经鉴定为犬冠状病毒（命名为CCV DXMV）。本实验根据CCV K378和CCV Insavc-1株基因序列设计合成了普通PCR引物SF1-SR1和SF2-SR2，以及半套式引物SF3-SR3、SR13、SF13、SF4-SR4和SF14，分段扩增了CCVDXMV株部分S基因，得到了368bp、792bp、737bp、1178bp和985bp5个基因片段。将纯化的RCR产物分别克隆到pGEM—T载体中，通过筛选和鉴定，获得了5个阳性重组质粒。将重组质粒送生物公司测序，将测得的基因序列与先前测定的该株病毒部分S基因序列，拼接成全S基因序列，并与其它株CCV及TGEV HN2002和FIPV79—1146株的S基因序列进行分析比较，绘制进化树。结果表明，该株病毒与CCV K378株的同源性最高，达到99．4％；而与CCV 23／03株的同源性最低，为56．9％；与FIPV和TGEV分别有90．4％和82．1％的同源性。  相似文献   

茶花鸡种群遗传结构分析及其保种措施的探讨     

张立凡  连林生  闭兴明  段勇  李国治 《畜牧与兽医》2006,38(11):10-13

利用14个微卫星标记对云南茶花鸡12个家系的等位基因频率、平均基因杂合度、平均多态信息含量以及家系间的亲缘关系进行了分析。结果表明:共检测到99个等位基因,每个位点的等位基因分布并不均匀,再对12个家系进行分析,将其聚为3类,一类为Z-1,Z-2,Z-3,Z-4,Z-5,Z-6,B-1,一类为Z-7,Z-8,Z-9,Z-10,矮脚系B-2自成一类,这表明了家系间的遗传相似性,同时我们对特殊的矮脚系B-2进行了相关的探讨,最后我们提出了对茶花鸡保种的相关建议。  相似文献   

猪瘟病毒的分离鉴定及其E2基因序列分析     

李玉峰  姜平  董信田  蒋文明 《畜牧与兽医》2006,38(12):14-16

2004~2005年上海和江苏3家猪场发生仔猪急性死亡,用ELISA鉴别试剂盒证明为猪瘟感染。用PK15细胞分离病毒,传代至第3代无细胞病变,RT-PCR扩增E2基因为阳性,扩增片段经纯化后克隆入T载体并进行序列测定。通过DNAStar软件对3株病毒的基因序列进行了比较,同时构建了系统进化树,结果表明,三株病毒分离株均扩增出269bp片段并且核苷酸序列100%同源,这3株与Alfort、Shimen株、兔化弱毒株(HCLV)和Brescia4个标准毒株核苷酸序列同源性均在90%以上,说明在江苏、上海地区分离得到的3株猪瘟病毒与流行毒株在基因序列上没有发生大的变异。  相似文献   

A comparison between multivariate Slash, Student's t and probit threshold models for analysis of clinical mastitis in first lactation cows     

Y-M. Chang  D. Gianola  B. Heringstad  & G. Klemetsdal 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2006,123(5):290-300

Robust threshold models with multivariate Student's t or multivariate Slash link functions were employed to infer genetic parameters of clinical mastitis at different stages of lactation, with each cow defining a cluster of records. The robust fits were compared with that from a multivariate probit model via a pseudo‐Bayes factor and an analysis of residuals. Clinical mastitis records on 36 178 first‐lactation Norwegian Red cows from 5286 herds, daughters of 245 sires, were analysed. The opportunity for infection interval, going from 30 days pre‐calving to 300 days postpartum, was divided into four periods: (i) ?30 to 0 days pre‐calving; (ii) 1–30 days; (iii) 31–120 days; and (iv) 121–300 days of lactation. Within each period, absence or presence of clinical mastitis was scored as 0 or 1 respectively. Markov chain Monte Carlo methods were used to draw samples from posterior distributions of interest. Pseudo‐Bayes factors strongly favoured the multivariate Slash and Student's t models over the probit model. The posterior mean of the degrees of freedom parameter for the Slash model was 2.2, indicating heavy tails of the liability distribution. The posterior mean of the degrees of freedom for the Student's t model was 8.5, also pointing away from a normal liability for clinical mastitis. A residual was the observed phenotype (0 or 1) minus the posterior mean of the probability of mastitis. The Slash and Student's t models tended to have smaller residuals than the probit model in cows that contracted mastitis. Heritability of liability to clinical mastitis was 0.13–0.14 before calving, and ranged from 0.05 to 0.08 after calving in the robust models. Genetic correlations were between 0.50 and 0.73, suggesting that clinical mastitis resistance is not the same trait across periods, corroborating earlier findings with probit models.  相似文献   

Influence of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement on gene expression profile of myocardium in rats     

LIU Mei-lian  XU Xia  XIE Ping  LU Jin  CHEN Shu-hua  ZENG Wei-min  SONG Hui-ping 《园艺学报》2006,22(9):1674-1679

AIM:To investigate the influence of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement treatment on profile of gene expression in myocardium by cDNA microarray,and to characterize the targeting genes of estrogen.METHODS:cDNA microarray containing 1 400 rat cDNAs was used to study the genes differentially expressed in myocardium between sham (Ⅰ),ovariectomy (Ⅱ,OVX) and estrogen replacement treatment (Ⅲ,OVX+E2) group.Then down-regulated genes in myocardium of OVX rats were further confirmed by RT-PCR.RESULTS:177 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between sham and OVX rats,with 91 genes up-regulated and 86 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.164 genes were differentially expressed in myocardium between OVX and OVX+E2 rats,with 113 genes up-regulated and 54 genes down-regulated in OVX rats.There were 54 genes differentially expressed in OVX compared to sham and OVX+E2.They are involved in membrane channels and transporters (18),cell receptors (9),intracellular transducers/effectors/modulator (7) and metabolism (6).Most of the genes (45) were down-regulated in OVX rats and up-regulated in OVX+E2 rats.RT-PCR test confirmed the results of cDNA microarray.CONCLUSIONS:Long-term estrogen replacement may influence the expression of genes involved in membrane channels and transporters,cell receptors,intracellular transducers/effectors/ modulator and metabolism.Long-term estrogen replacement has some beneficial effects on ionic concentration and cardiac function which partially comes from the results of influence of expression on Na+,K+-ATPase and Na+/H+ exchanger.Estrogen has an inhibitory effect on the expression of dopamine receptor,which partially clarify the myocardial protection of estrogen.  相似文献