Comparison of extractive components in muscle and liver of three Loliginidae squids with those of one Ommastrephidae species     

Yoko Kani  Naoko Yoshikawa  Shigeru Okada  Hiroki Abe 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(4):940-949

Extractive components were determined for the mantle muscle and liver of three species of Loliginidae squid, Sepioteuthis lessoniana, Loligo bleekeri, and L. edulis, and one species of Ommastrephidae, Todarodes pacificus, as a control. Total free amino acid levels and the major free amino acids in muscle, taurine, proline, glycine, alanine, and arginine, were significantly higher in Loliginidae squids than in T. pacificus. The main nucleotide was adenosine 5′-monophosphate, which did not differ significantly between species. Malate was the organic acid found in muscle in highest concentrations. The muscle of these species contained a large amount of trimethylamine oxide. A large amount of glycine betaine was also detected in the muscle, but showed no large species difference. From these results, the muscle of Loliginidae species is considered to have a much sweeter taste than that of T. pacificus. Compared with muscle, squid liver was characteristic with high contents of taurine, glutamate, bitter amino acids, succinate, propionate, trimethylamine, and glycine betaine, and with low contents of sweet amino acids, arginine, nucleotides, malate, and trimethylamine oxide. These results suggest that squid liver is characterized by a complicated taste containing umami, bitterness, sourness, fishy flavor, and less sweetness.  相似文献   

海湾扇贝一种球形病毒的形态发生及细胞病理学观察   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

任素莲 《水产学报》2004,28(3):292-296

2001年3-5月,青岛海区养殖海湾扇贝发生外套膜"糜烂病"并导致约50%亲贝死亡,主要表现为外套膜糜烂;严重者,约2/3的外套膜溃烂呈胶水状.电镜检测发现病贝体内感染有病毒等病原微生物.本文报道了该病毒粒子的形态、发生及宿主细胞由此所产生的细胞病理学变化.成熟的病毒粒子近球形,直径150～180nm,具囊膜,在细胞核附近的溶酶体内发生和增殖.发生初期溶酶体内形成板层髓样结构,随后形成块状、泡状、絮状等多形态的病毒发生基质及具有正方形花样的蛋白质晶格结构.最后,大量的病毒粒子装配形成,填充在溶酶体内.该病毒粒子主要存在于消化盲囊上皮细胞及结缔组织细胞的胞质中.受感染的宿主细胞线粒体肿胀、嵴溶解,内质网肿胀、核糖体脱落,溶酶体数量增多,核膜膨胀、溶解等,大部分细胞器受损.  相似文献   

Expression of taurine transporter in response to hypo-osmotic stress in the mantle of Mediterranean blue mussel   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Haruhiko?ToyoharaEmail author  Marika?Yoshida  Masatomi?Hosoi  Isao?Hayashi 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(2):356-360

Expression of taurine transporter in response to osmotic stress was investigated at the protein level in the mantle of the Mediterranean blue mussel by using the specific antibody raised against the carboxy-terminal region of the deduced amino acid sequence of mussel taurine transporter. Immunohistochemical observation revealed that taurine transporter was expressed in the mantle and the expression was up-regulated in response to hypo-osmotic stress, while down-regulated in response to hyper-osmotic stress. Western blot analysis revealed major protein bands corresponding to 62 kDa and 65 kDa. In response to hypo-osmotic stress, the 62 kDa band became more intense, while it became less intense when the ambient osmolality was elevated. These results suggested that the 62 kDa taurine transporter would be implicated in hypo-osmotic adaptation.  相似文献   

栉孔扇贝外套膜和鳃粘液细胞的类型与分布   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15       下载免费PDF全文

孙虎山  王宜艳  王平  吴韶菊  孙修勤  李光友 《中国水产科学》2002,9(4):315-317,W006

采用AB PAS染色法显微观察和分析人工养殖 3龄栉孔扇贝 (Chlamysfarreri,壳长 4 0～ 5 0mm)外套膜和鳃粘液细胞类型与分布规律。结果表明 ,粘液细胞分为 4种类型 ,Ⅰ型呈红色 ,Ⅱ型呈蓝色 ,Ⅲ型呈紫红色 ,Ⅳ型呈蓝紫色。不同部位 ,粘液细胞类型、密度及形态不同 ,这与其功能密切相关。外套膜边缘膜及生壳突起内、外表皮粘液细胞均以Ⅱ型为主 ,密度较小 ,形态主要为梨形、杯形、圆形 ,并多为大型细胞 ;中央膜内表皮以Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型较多 ,形态多为圆形或不规则形 ,外表皮只有Ⅱ型细胞分布 ;鳃轴表皮粘液细胞以Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型为多 ,形态为圆形、杯形或不规则形 ;鳃丝表皮粘液细胞多为Ⅱ型和Ⅳ型 ,形态多为圆形 ,少量为杯形 ;外套膜感觉突起和缘膜突起的表皮中无明显着色的粘液细胞 ,而是被大量棕色颗粒充满  相似文献   

贵州梵净山白云母花岗岩锆石年代、铪同位素及对华南地壳生长的制约     

王敏  戴传固  王雪华  陈建书  马会珍 《水土保持通报》2011,18(4)

贵州梵净山地区位于＂江南造山带＂西南段,出露地层为中新元古界梵净山群、青白口系板溪群、南华系及古生界地层。梵净山群已强烈褶皱,被青白口系板溪群角度不整合覆盖。浅色白云母花岗岩侵位于褶皱的梵净山群中;锆石原位LA-ICP-MS分析结果显示,其形成时代为（838.5±1.5）Ma。地球化学分析结果表明,其A/CNK值〉1.1,达1.27、1.30,为典型强过铝质花岗岩,具有低—中等CaO/Na2O比值（0.09～0.52）,形成于富粘土质砂岩的高温（〉875℃）局部熔融,可能是始于840Ma的地幔柱活动为地壳的高温局部熔融提供了额外热源。锆石原位Hf同位素分析结果显示,新元古代之前华南地块具有两次明显的地壳生长过程。  相似文献   

Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding N-terminal region of scallop myosinVIIA-like protein     

Yasuhiro Endo  Takahiro Araki  Masaaki Honda  Yasushi Hasegawa 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(1):188-190

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虾夷扇贝外套膜胶原蛋白的提取与表征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴忠  刘俊荣  田元勇  张龙  刘金洋 《大连海洋大学学报》2016,(6):678-684

为探索虾夷扇贝Patinopecten yessoensis加工副产物的高附加值利用,从副产物外套膜中提取经济价值较高的胶原蛋白,并对其理化性质(分子量、溶解性、黏度、紫外吸收、氨基酸组成)和结构特性(圆二色谱、傅里叶红外光谱)进行研究。结果表明:外套膜干基中胶原蛋白含量为13.16%;外套膜胶原蛋白分子主要由α亚基和少量的β、γ亚基组成,外套膜胶原蛋白为典型的Ⅰ型胶原;酸溶性胶原蛋白(ASC)和酶溶性胶原蛋白(PSC)均富含甘氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸和羟脯氨酸;胶原蛋白的变性温度约为20℃,与其他物种有所差异;PSC的溶解度高于ASC,二者的等电点均在pH为4左右,且二者的盐溶性变化趋势相似;红外光谱表明,PSC和ASC二级结构间有细微差异,但胃蛋白酶没有影响胶原蛋白的三螺旋结构;圆二色谱显示,ASC的三级结构比PSC的更加稳定,温度升高会影响二者的三级结构。  相似文献   

Protein and amino acid composition from the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris exposed to prolonged starvation     

Sandra García‐Garrido  Ismael Hachero‐Cruzado  Carlos Rosas  Pedro Domingues 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(11):1741-1751

Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg^?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg^?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg^?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

三角帆蚌外套膜细胞体外培养优化及体内植入培养对细胞生长的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李倩  施志仪  李文娟  黄凯  祁晓翔 《中国水产科学》2014,21(2):225-234

以DMEM为基础培养基, 通过优化改良培养基及缓冲液的配方, 对三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii Lea)外套膜进行细胞培养, 并且以显微观测、RNA/DNA的比值作为该细胞增殖的评价指标, 分别对体外培养细胞的迁出时间、速度、数量以及增殖活力进行测定。分别取体外培养第24、108、120 小时的细胞进行Hoechst DNA荧光标记, 然后将3组标记细胞植入三角帆蚌外套膜中在蚌体内培养, 在植入后第24、72、120、168、216 小时运用RNA/DNA指标检测活体培养的细胞增殖活力。结果表明, 经过优化后的缓冲液和培养基更有利于细胞从外套膜组织中迁出, 迁出速度和细胞数量显著增加(P<0.05), 且细胞的活力随着培养时间的延长而逐渐增大, 培养至108 h时, 细胞活力达到最大, RNA/DNA比值为 24.53, 在108 h后显著下降(P<0.05), 显微观测的细胞生长状况与RNA/ DNA指标测定相吻合。对体外培养的细胞植入蚌体外套膜中再进行培养时发现, 对体外培养活力较好的细胞, 活体内环境可增大细胞的活力, RNA/DNA比值最高达到25.45, 但在活体培养168 h 后活力显著下降(P<0.05); 而对体外培养活力较差的细胞, 活体内环境对细胞活力影响不显著(P>0.05)。本研究旨在为三角帆蚌外套膜细胞增殖的深入研究及建株提供基础性资料。

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The use of alternative diets to culture juvenile cuttlefish,Sepia officinalis: effects on growth and lipid composition     

A. FERREIRA  L. MARQUEZ  E. ALMANSA  J.P. ANDRADE  A. LORENZO  P.M. DOMINGUES 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2010,16(3):262-275

The effects of feeding three natural frozen diets, grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sp.), crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and fish (Sardina pilchardus) and two semi‐humid artificial diets (based on fish or shrimp powder) to the cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis, were analysed. Growth rate and feeding rate [FR; % body weight (BW) day^?1] and food conversions (FC, %) were determined. Cuttlefish fed shrimp grew larger (3.8% BW day^?1) and had the highest FC, followed by those fed crayfish, and sardine. The highest FR was obtained for cuttlefish fed crayfish (10.5% BW day^?1). Although both artificial diets were accepted, none produced growth. Digestive gland‐to‐body weight ratio (DG/BW ratio) was calculated for animals fed each diet. A positive correlation (r = 0.94) between cuttlefish ingestion FR and DG weight was obtained. Mortality occurred mainly during the last week, and some cannibalism occurred among cuttlefish fed artificial diets. Finally, lipid composition of diets, DG and mantle of each group were analysed. Sardine diet was characterized by high levels of triacylglycerol (TG), whereas the main difference between shrimp and crayfish was the higher n‐3/n‐6 ratio found in shrimp. Changes in the lipid composition of DG were related to diet, but did not correlate with growth data. A strong loss of TG in the DG of artificial diets groups was notable. No differences in mantle lipid composition among the natural diets were found, but artificial diet groups showed higher contents of neutral lipids in their mantle respect to natural diets. According to results obtained, crayfish (P. clarkii) could be used as an alternative prey for rearing S. officinalis compared with shrimp. Artificial diets showed the worst effects in growth and mortality as well as the stronger influence on DG and mantle lipid composition of cuttlefish.  相似文献