Maleness-on-the-Y (MoY) orthologue is a key regulator of male sex determination in Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae)          下载免费PDF全文

FAN Zi-zhen  MA Qin  MA Si-ya  CAO Feng-qin  YAN Ri-hui  LIN Xian-wu 《农业科学学报》2023,22(2):505-513

  相似文献   

苦瓜性别分化研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈瑶瑶  严良文  刘智成  张双照  朱天文  黄发茂 《福建农业科技》2014,(9):69-72

从苦瓜在自然条件下性别的表现特点、性别分化的形态学、遗传基础、性别分化调控等方面对苦瓜性别分化研究概况进行了综述,同时介绍了苦瓜性别表现在育种和生产上的利用.  相似文献   

Economic evaluation of artificial insemination of sex‐sorted semen on a Brown Swiss dairy farm—A case study     

Masahiro Osada  Hitomi Iwabuchi  Toru Aoki  Kika Sasaki  Hitoshi Ushijima  Takeyuki Ozawa 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(4):597-603

Artificial insemination using sex‐sorted semen is employed to efficiently increase the number of female dairy calves born. Previous studies have determined that using sex‐sorted semen is beneficial to improve the management, but the mechanism by which it increases cattle numbers through objective indices of breeding remains unclear. This study focused on a Brown Swiss cattle herd in which frozen female sex‐sorted semen was systematically employed to increase the number of cattle. We analyzed the correlation between the increase in the number of cattle and the screening accuracy of sex‐sorted semen, measuring indices such as pregnancy rate and birth rate of female calves. Study revealed that: (1) production cost for female calves is influenced by the pregnancy rate, rate of female calves, and using sex‐sorted semen is less expensive than using nonsorted semen; (2) improvements in screening accuracy nearly doubled the number of cows and tripled the number of heifers in 5 years; and (3) use of sex‐sorted semen improved milk quality. The pregnancy rate was lower when sex‐sorted semen was used, but the birth rate of heifers was improved. Results suggest that artificial insemination using sex‐sorted semen is beneficial because it economically produces offspring to increase the herd.  相似文献   

Phenotypic plasticity induced using high ambient temperature during embryogenesis in domesticated zebrafish,Danio rerio     

Shahrbanou Hosseini  Bertram Brenig  Jens Tetens  Ahmad Reza Sharifi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(3):435-444

Ambient temperature during early stages of life has a substantial effect on physiological processes, eliciting phenotypic plasticity during zebrafish developmental stages. Zebrafish are known to possess a noteworthy ability to modify their phenotype in dependence of environmental factors. However, there is a poor understanding of the effects of temperature during embryogenesis, which influences the biological functions such as survival ability and masculinization in later developmental stages. Since the middle embryonic phase (pharyngula period) is genetically the most conserved stage in embryogenesis, it is very susceptible to embryonic lethality in developmental processes of vertebrates. Here, we tested the effect of transient perturbations (heat shock) during early development (5–24 hr post‐fertilization; hpf) at 35°C compared to control group at 28°C, on survival ability of zebrafish to study the embryonic and post‐embryonic mortality. We studied the variation of heat‐induced masculinization among and across the families in response to high temperature. Furthermore, morphometric traits of adult zebrafish at different developmental time points were measured in order to estimate the temperature × sex interaction effect. We found the highest embryonic mortality around the gastrula and segmentation periods in both experimental groups, with significantly lower survival ability in the temperature‐treated group (73.30% ± 0.58% vs. 70.19% ± 0.57%, respectively). A higher hatching success was observed in the control group (71.08% ± 0.61%) compared to the heat‐induced group (67.95% ± 0.60%). A distinct reduction in survival ability was also observed in both experimental groups during the first two weeks after hatching, followed by a reduced level of changes thereafter. We found sex ratio imbalances across all families, with 25.2% more males under temperature treatment. Our study on growth performance has shown a positive effect of increased temperature on growth plasticity, with a greater impact on female fish in response to high ambient temperature.  相似文献   

凤头鸭胚性反转建立及性别候选基因的表达     

丛玮  王美青  张帆  陈星丌  张扬  常国斌  陈国宏 《中国家禽》2019,(16):10-17

试验通过对鸭胚注射芳香化酶抑制剂(AI)和β-雌二醇(E2)构建性反转模型,观察其性腺外观形态变化,并荧光定量检测雌性基因P450arom、FOXL2、SF-1和雄性基因DMRT1、SOX9、AMH等6个基因在性反转和正常鸭胚中的表达情况。结果显示:芳香化酶抑制剂能促进公鸭性腺发育,母鸭表现雄化;雌二醇能促进母鸭性腺分化,公鸭表现雌化。DMRT1、SOX9、AMH表达趋势相似,AI促进基因表达使胚胎雄化;E2抑制基因表达使胚胎雌化。P450arom、FOXL2、SF-1在AI组中被抑制使胚胎雄化,在E2组中得到促进发生雌化。该研究结果为研究鸭胚性反转机制奠定理论基础。  相似文献   

家畜性别控制技术的研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李平  霍明东  周景明 《中国畜牧兽医》2008,35(5):145-148

在畜牧生产中,人为控制出生家畜的性别可以降低生产成本,提高经济效益。随着科技的进步和研究的不断深入,家畜性别控制技术也在不断的完善。作者综述了X、Y精子的分离和胚胎性别鉴定这两项家畜性控技术的发展历程和研究现状,并对其今后的研究方向及应用前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in free-ranging mithuns (Bos frontalis) from India     

Rajkhowa S  Rajkhowa C  Chamuah J 《Zoonoses and public health》2008,55(6):320-322

Studies conducted on free-ranging mithuns of Nagaland, India revealed that the overall seroprevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in mithun was 42% (95% CI = 33-51) when detected by modified direct agglutination test. Highest (prevalence = 57%, 95% CI = 43-71) seroprevalence was found in mithuns above 3 years of age and the lowest (prevalence = 18%, 95% CI =4-32) in mithuns of 1-2 years old. No statistically significant difference was observed between male (prevalence = 40%, 95% CI = 26-54) and female (prevalence = 44%, 95% CI = 31-57) seroprevalences. The study also revealed that the maximum number (57%) of animals with the highest titre (1 : 3200) were above 3 years of age. This is the first serological survey for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in free-ranging mithuns from India.  相似文献   

The population dynamics of a recently introduced crayfish,Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868), in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba,Zimbabwe     

Lightone Marufu  Maxwel Barson  Portia Chifamba  Michael Tiki  Tamuka Nhiwatiwa 《African Zoology》2018,53(1):17-22

The redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus is a recent introduction into Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe where it is rapidly spreading. There are, however, no studies that have investigated the population dynamics and possible ecological impacts of the crayfish in the lake. This study investigated aspects of the population biology of C. quadricarinatus in the lake. These included sex distribution, population growth and mortality parameters, probability of capture, recruitment and length at age of ge at maturity. Crayfish were captured monthly between January and December 2013 from 13 sites using opera house bait traps. Aspects of the species population biology were estimated using a fish stock assessment tool, FISAT II. A total of 3 205 crayfish were captured, of which 44% were male, 49% female and 7% intersex individuals. The asymptotic length (L_∞ = 112.88 mm), curvature parameter (k = 0.72), longevity (t_max = 4.17 years), growth performance index (? = 3.96), total mortality (Z = 2.06 y^?1), fishing mortality (F = 1.07 y^?1), natural mortality (M = 0.99 y^?1), rate of exploitation (E = 0.52) and length-at-first capture (L_c = 44.48 mm) were estimated. Fecundity averaged 503 ± 229 eggs female?1 and increased with size (weight and carapace length). Gravid females were found throughout the year but the highest proportion of females with eggs (4–10%) were found in the first quarter, whereas recruitment peaked in May and June. The smallest crayfish with eggs (48.75 mm CL) was estimated to be 1.02 years and the largest (94.82 mm CL) 2.85 years. Cherax quadricarinatus exhibited an r strategy life-history pattern due to continuous reproduction and high fecundity. In Lake Kariba, C. quadricarinatus is now well into the establishment stage of the Introduction–naturalisation–invasion continuum and spreading in the lake. Management options should thus aim at preventing further spread and reducing the population size and the potential negative impacts of this species.  相似文献   

不完全甜柿‘禅寺丸’花性别分化形态学关键时期的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李加茹  孙鹏  韩卫娟  李芳东  傅建敏  刁松锋 《园艺学报》2016,43(3):451-457

以雌雄同株的‘禅寺丸’柿为材料,利用扫描电镜和石蜡切片法观察雌花和雄花芽发育进程,探究柿花性别分化的形态学关键时期。结果表明,‘禅寺丸’雌、雄花芽发育进程基本同步,均从6月持续到次年5月,可划分为11个阶段;花性别分化有两个形态学关键时期:一是6月中旬(阶段2)萼片原基发生期,此时雌花单生、雄花3朵合生的特点开始显现;二是次年4月中旬(阶段8)大小孢子发生期,此时雌花的雄蕊原基分化出花丝后停止发育,雄花的雌蕊原基在花柱和柱头结构产生后开始败育,从而产生单性花。  相似文献   

昆虫趋泥行为的研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

张威  张守科  舒金平  王浩杰 《林业科学研究》2018,31(1):150-157

昆虫取食、生殖等行为一直备受行为学家和进化生物学学家的关注。趋泥行为是鳞翅目昆虫中较为常见的一种补充营养的特殊行为。随着众多假说的提出,趋泥行为发生的内在机制逐渐成为行为生态学和进化生物学研究的热点问题之一。尽管昆虫趋泥行为的报道较多,但现有的理论和试验数据尚存分歧。本文简要回顾了昆虫趋泥行为的研究历史、介绍了趋泥行为发生的性别、虫龄差异及驱动力假说,评述了这一行为对昆虫生态适应及生殖生理的影响,并提出了应整合多个层面上的研究来探讨昆虫趋泥行为在生态学以及昆虫进化过程中的意义。  相似文献