3种染色体组加倍方法诱导黄河鲇雌核发育的比较     

彭新亮  李学军  程果  乔志刚  石灵 《水生态学杂志》2008,29(2):44-47

用经紫外线照射后遗传失活的黄河鲇精子、刺激性成熟的黄河鲇卵子, 进行雌核发育, 采用冷休克、热休克和秋水仙素浸泡等3种染色体组加倍方法诱导黄河鲇卵进行二倍体雌核发育。实验结果表明: 在人工诱导黄河鲇二倍体雌核发育过程中, 以冷休克处理组的效果最好, 胚胎孵化率达到8. 1%; 其次为秋水仙素处理组, 胚胎孵化率达到6. 3%; 热休克处理组诱导效果较差, 胚胎孵化率仅为4. 0%。  相似文献   

Genetic diversity and structure of Northern Sheatfish (Silurus soldatovi) assessed by newly developed and cross‐species microsatellites     

Xiaochen Zhu  Xiaodan Shen  Jing Dong  Hua Wei  Yingdong Li  Yingying Zhao 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(3):895-903

Twenty‐five polymorphic microsatellite markers, including 13 newly isolated markers and 12 existing cross‐species markers, were used to assess the genetic variation of 141 individuals from three cultured stocks of northern sheatfish, Silurus soldatovi, in China. Samples were collected from Heilongjiang (H), Tongerpu (T) and Liaoning (L). Allelic richness, expected and observed heterozygosity among 25 loci were calculated, and the mean A_e, H_o and H_e were estimated in three stocks. In low polymorphic locus HLJcf19 and HLJcf38, most individuals in all three stocks were homozygous and had only one same allele, while only few heterozygous individuals had the other allele in one certain stock. And all the three stocks showed excess of heterozygotes, because of significant negative F_IS values. Genetic distance, UPGMA dendrogram, as well as structure analysis, all indicated that Stock H and L were closer among three stocks. The results revealed that though all stocks had no reduction in recent time, their effective population size were significantly lower to the ideal value.  相似文献   

鲶繁殖生物学的研究   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15       下载免费PDF全文

魏刚 《水产学报》1997,21(3):225-232

嘉陵江鲶的卵母细胞划分为６个时相。第Ⅱ时相卵母细腻外不仅具有质膜，而且还有滤泡膜的结缔组织膜，第Ⅳ时相卵终细腻具漏斗状和精孔及椭圆形的精孔细腻。嘉陵江鲶的成熟年龄大多为１龄。生殖期雌雄经为２：１。繁殖季节中雌鱼的成熟系数高达１４．５％。对鲶进行人工催产，成功地获得了鲶的受精卵。鲶的受精卵圆形、绿色，膨大后其直径为．０５－４．５７ｍｍ。温度在２７．５－３１℃，幼鱼孵出需要２９个小时３０分钟。初孵仔鱼  相似文献   

杂交鲶(怀头鲶♀×鲶鱼♂)及其亲本肌肉营养成份分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

潘伟志  尹洪滨  孙中武  孙德志 《水产学杂志》1998,(2)

对怀头鲶♀×鲶鱼♂杂交F1代和亲本的肌肉中蛋白质、脂肪、水份、氨基酸及其脂肪酸中EPA、DHA含量进行了较全面的分析。结果表明：虽杂交鲶粗蛋白含量（17.28％）略高于亲本怀头鲶（16．78％）、鲶鱼（16．82％）,但粗脂肪含量高于亲本平均含量的4．3倍。EPA、DHA含量也明显超过亲本。3种鱼肌肉中含有18种氨基酸,杂交鲶肌肉中的THR、VAL、MET、IYS、TRY及有鲜味的ASP、GLU、ALA的含量也较突出。  相似文献   

兰州鲇MyoD基因的克隆与生物信息学分析     

俞兆曦  连总强  吴旭东  杨忠礼  李力  张锋  肖伟  赛清云 《淡水渔业》2016,(2):10-15

为研究兰州鲇(Silurus lanzhouensis)生长性状相关基因,运用RT-PCR、TA克隆和核酸测序等技术对兰州鲇MyoD基因的CDS区及全基因进行克隆和生物信息学分析。获得兰州鲇MyoD基因的完整CDS区序列810 bp(Gen Bank登录号:KT277551)及MyoD基因全序列1 210 bp(Gen Bank登录号:KT339175),包括部分5'端63 bp和3'端58 bp;ORF区含有3个外显子和2个内含子,外显子长度分别为510 bp、80 bp和220 bp,内含子长度分别为156 bp和123 bp,编码269个氨基酸残基组成的可溶酸性蛋白质;预测亚细胞定位MyoD主要分布于细胞核(56.5%),MyoD二聚体结构是一个螺旋-环-螺旋(b HLH)。基于12种鱼类MyoD基因CDS序列构建系统发育树及编码区同源性比较,分析结果表明,MyoD基因编码区在进化过程中比较保守,且兰州鲇MyoD与斑点叉尾、白鲶鱼、蓝鲶鱼之间存在较高的同源性。  相似文献   

不同生长阶段兰州鲇消化酶活性的比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王远吉  任晓月  冯占虎  齐昂  邱小琮 《水生态学杂志》2009,30(1):54-57

测定了不同生长阶段兰州鲇(Silurus lanzhotaensis)胃、肝胰脏、前肠、中肠、后肠的蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活性.结果表明,兰州鲇蛋白酶活性大小为:前肠>中肠>后肠>肝胰脏>胃,阶段1[体重(51.9±6.0)g]>阶段2[体重(228.6±16.6)g]>阶段3[体重(448.9±26.5)g],且差异显著;淀粉酶活性:肝胰脏>胃>前肠>中肠>后肠,阶段1>阶段2>阶段3,差算显著;脂肪酶活性大小为:后肠>中肠>前肠>肝胰脏>胃,但各阶段差异不显著.随着年龄的增长,兰州鲇对蛋白质和碳水化合物的消化能力逐渐减弱.  相似文献   

不同光照周期下鲇幼鱼的日摄食节律   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

乔志刚  张国梁  张英英  彭新亮 《水产科学》2008,27(10)

水温(23±1)℃,研究了鲇幼鱼自然光照、持续光照(自然光或日光灯作光源)和持续黑暗条件下的日摄食节律.试验结果表明,3种光照周期下,鲇幼鱼昼夜均有连续摄食特性,期间具有明显的摄食高峰(夜间)和低谷(白天),鲇幼鱼有明显的日摄食节律;持续黑暗与自然光照周期下的鲇幼鱼日摄食节律基本一致,持续光照与自然光照周期下的鲇幼鱼日摄食节律有所差异.研究证明,鲇幼鱼在3种光照周期下均属于典型的夜晚摄食类型;光照周期的改变对鲇幼鱼的日摄食率无显著影响(P>0.05).  相似文献   

Specific dynamic action in two body size groups of the southern catfish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Silurus meridionalis</Emphasis>) fed diets differing in carbohydrate and lipid contents   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Luo Y  Xie X 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2008,34(4):465-471

Specific dynamic action (SDA), the energy costs associated with meal digestion and assimilation, is generally affected by body size and food composition. We assessed the postprandial metabolic response and calculated SDA in two size groups of the southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis), each fed one of two diets, high lipid or high carbohydrate, at a meal size of 4% the body mass. Using a continuous-flow respirometer, we determined the oxygen consumption rate at 2-h intervals until the postprandial oxygen consumption rate returned to the prefeeding level. None of the parameters (resting metabolic rate, Rpeak, factorial ratio, time-to-peak, duration, energy expended on SDA, or SDA coefficient) were significantly affected by diet nor was there an interaction between diet and body mass. Rpeak and energy expended on SDA for the whole fish body were significantly higher in the larger fish than the smaller one in both dietary treatments, whereas no significant effect of body size was found in mass specific values. Factorial ratio (range 3.41 to 3.60), peak time (range 9.6 to 12.7 h), SDA coefficient (range 9.36 to 10.36%), and SDA duration (range 62.0 to 71.0 h) did not significantly differ between body size groups. These results suggest that in S. meridionalis the percentage of assimilated energy allocated to SDA may be independent of the body mass.  相似文献   

南方鲇源豚鼠气单胞菌胞外产物活性与致病性研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

阳涛  汪开毓  肖丹  吉莉莉 《淡水渔业》2008,38(2)

采用琼脂扩散法测定了南方鲇源豚鼠气单胞菌胞外产物酶活性和溶血活性,同时对胞外产物的细胞毒性和其致病性进行了研究。结果显示:南方鲇源豚鼠气单胞菌胞外产物具有蛋白酶、脂酶、明胶酶和脲酶活性,但不具有淀粉酶和卵磷脂酶活性,具有很强的溶血活性和细胞毒性。肌肉注射感染发现,其对南方鲇有强致病性,其LD50为每千克鱼体重0.802 mg;注射后的南方鲇肌肉、心、肝、肾、脾、肠和胃等组织发生了严重组织病理变化,骨骼肌和心肌坏死断裂,炎症细胞浸润;肝脏严重空泡变性;肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死、间质内大量炎症细胞浸润;脾充血、出血,淋巴细胞减少,胃肠黏膜上皮细胞变性、坏死、脱落。  相似文献   

基于线粒体DNA D-loop的都柳江鲇形目两种经济鱼类种群遗传多样性研究     

刘伟  代应贵  袁振兴  孙际佳  刘丽 《水产科学》2016,(4):386-392

以采自贵州都柳江的鲇鱼、斑鳠各39尾个体为样品,采用PCR和DNA测序技术,研究了这两种鱼类线粒体DNA D-loop的结构和种群遗传多样性。获得了鲇鱼、斑鳠D-loop 5′端长度分别为544~545bp、546~547bp的DNA序列,并分别检测到58、15个变异位点。同时,识别了该2种鱼类D-loop终止序列区和中央保守区的核心序列,在中央保守区之后均有一个Poly-T结构。都柳江鲇鱼、斑鳠种群D-loop序列中,分别有51、12个多态位点,并分别定义了11、8种单倍型。都柳江鲇鱼、斑鳠种群单倍型多样性指数、核苷酸多样性指数和平均核苷酸差异数分别为0.772、0.02301、12.451和0.331、0.00131、0.714。目前,都柳江鲇鱼种群遗传多样性较为丰富,具有良好的种质价值和保护前景;斑鳠种群遗传多样性贫乏,保护和恢复该种群的数量和遗传多样性刻不容缓。  相似文献