水稻中超氧诱导与稻瘟菌抗性及苯丙氨酸解氨酶、几丁酶β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性诱导的关系   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

肖拴锁  王钧 《中国水稻科学》1997,11(2):93-102

19个水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种和8个稻瘟菌生理小种,或它们菌丝代谢产物(RBHM)组成的亲和与非亲和组合, 及一些品种和稻瘟菌生理小种间交叉组合的实验结果表明,在非亲和组合中的水稻品种都有超氧(O₂^-)产率的诱导升高。 毛地黄皂苷诱导O₂^-产率增高同时,也使稻苗对原亲和病原表现出抗性。二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸(DDTC)对超氧歧化酶(SOD)活性近乎完全抑制时,能使O₂^-产率猛增;N- 乙烯马来酰亚胺(NEM)近乎完全清除O₂^-时,也可增加SOD活性。 放线菌素D和环己亚胺处理后能抑制SOD活性,而使O₂^-产率明显增高。除了抗病时苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL) 活性诱导比感病时增长较强或较早外,无论用RBHM也好,毛地黄皂苷、DDTC、NEM也好,PAL活性都会增加。但它们都不能诱导几丁酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性升高。这样,PAL活性的诱导似乎并不是水稻对病原攻击一种特异的反应。几丁酶、β-1,3- 葡聚糖酶活性诱导升高未必与O₂^-产率相关,而且诱导它们表达的信号传导与PAL也可能是不相同的。  相似文献   

白藜芦醇对Nrf2、NF-κB和Wnt信号通路的调控及其在动物生产中的应用     

高阳  杜鑫  马雪  张影梅  霍长青 《中国畜牧兽医》2023,50(2):512-518

白藜芦醇(resveratrol, RES)是一种天然的非黄酮类多酚化合物,广泛存在于多种植物组织中,如葡萄、虎杖和花生等,是植物抵御病原微生物入侵和维持自身稳态的重要物质,因此也被称作植物抗毒素。RES具有良好的抗氧化、抗炎和抗菌特性,在改善动物抗逆性、提高免疫能力和维持肠道健康等方面发挥重要作用。RES通过调控核因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor E2-related factor 2,Nrf2)-Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白-1(Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein-1,keap1)促进畜禽体内Nrf2因子的表达,提高抗氧化因子表达和抗氧化酶活性,缓解氧化应激;通过核因子-κB (nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)信号通路降低机体炎性因子表达水平,减少炎症反应。在动物肠道健康方面,RES可通过调控Wnt/β-连环蛋白(Wnt/β-catenin)信号通路促进肠道上皮细胞增殖分化,改善肠道黏膜屏障完整性,促进肠道微生物定植,进而改善肠道菌群结构。在动物生产中,RES作为饲料添加剂可提高动物的生长...  相似文献   

Baicalin attenuates pancreatic fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1/TAK-NF-κB signaling pathway in chronic pancreatitis mice     

FAN Jian-wei  XU Xiao-fan  XIN Jia-qi  DUAN Li-fang  XIONG Hui-min  JIANG Sheng-nan  YANG Juan  PENG Qing-xia  WEI Yuan-yuan  ZHANG Hong 《园艺学报》2020,36(2):268-275

AIM: To explore the role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/TGF-β-activated kinase (TAK)-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in chronic pancreatitis (CP) mice and the effect of baicalin on pancreatic fibrosis in the mice. METHODS: Kunming mice (n=58) were randomly divided into 3 groups, including control group, CP group and baicalin group. The mice in CP group and baicalin group were intraperitoneally injected with 20% L-arginine. After 2 weeks of CP, the mice in baicalin group were intraperitoneally injected with baicalin (100 mg/kg, once a day). At 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks after modeling, the mice were anesthetized and sacrificed. The morphological changes of the pancreas were observed by HE and Masson staining. The serum level of TGF-β1 was analyzed by ELISA. The expression of fibronectin (FN) and NF-κB in the pancreas was observed by immunohistochemistry staining. The protein levels of transforming growth factor-β receptor type Ⅰ (TGF-βRⅠ), phosphorylated TAK1 (p-TAK1) and NF-κB in the pancreas were determined by Western blot. The mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease-1 (TIMP-1) was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS: At 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks after intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine, the pancreatic tissues were obviously injured and exhibited different degrees of fibrosis, and FN expression was significantly increased. After treatment with baicalin, the degrees of pancreatic injury and fibrosis were significantly attenuated and the expression of FN was reduced (P<0.01). Compared with control group, the protein levels of TGF-β1, TGF-βRⅠ, p-TAK1, NF-κB and TIMP-1 in the pancreas of CP group were significantly increased, and the expression of MMP-1 was decreased at each time point. In baicalin group, the protein levels of TGF-β1, TGF-βRⅠ, p-TAK1, NF-κB and TIMP-1 were significantly decreased, and the expression of MMP-1 was markedly increased at the corresponding time points compared with CP group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Baicalin effectively atte-nuates pancreatic fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of TGF-β1/TAK-NF-κB signaling pathway and regulating the balance of MMP-1/TIMP-1.  相似文献   

Adiponectin inhibits decrease in autophagy of rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by β₁-adrenergic receptor autoantibodies     

SUN Cong  GUO Shuai  NING Na  HOU Xiao-hong  Wang Chang-tu  YUAN Yu?an  WANG Xiao-hui  WANG Li 《园艺学报》2020,36(5):796-802

AIMTo investigate whether adiponectin inhibits the decrease in autophagy of rat H9c2 cardiomy?ocytes induced by β₁-adrenergic receptor (β₁-AR) autoantibodies (β₁-AA), and to explore its mechanism. METH?ODS: SD rats were actively immunized with β₁-AR extracellular second loop (β₁-AR-ECII) antigen peptide. Affinity chromatography was used to purify β₁-AA in serum of the SD rats. The viability of H9c2 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay. The mRNA levels of LC3B and beclin-1 in the H9c2 cells were detected by real-time PCR. The protein levels of LC3-II, P62, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK) were determined by Western blot. RESULTSPretreatment with adiponectin at 10 μg/L for 1 h reversed the decreased viability of H9c2 cells induced by β₁-AA. Compared with control group, β₁-AA decreased the mRNA expression of LC3B and beclin-1, decreased the protein level of LC3-II, and increased the expression of P62 protein in the H9c2 cells, suggesting that β₁-AA decreased the autophagic flux in cardiomyocytes. Adiponectin obviously reversed β₁-AA-induced decline in autophagic flux, and up-regulated the phosphorylation level of AMPK decreased by β₁-AA. Treatment with AMPK inhibitor Compound C for 30 min, we observed that the mRNA expression of LC3B and beclin-1 and the protein level of LC3-II in the H9c2 cells decreased by β₁-AA were not effectively reversed by adiponectin, but the increase in P62 protein expression was still effectively reversed, indicating that adiponectin increased autophagosome production dependent on the AMPK pathway, but increased autophagosome clearance independent on the AMPK pathway. CONCLUSION Adiponectin inhibits the decreased autophagy of H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by β₁-AA.  相似文献   

Effects of Coriaria sinica Maxim’s extract on burn wound healing and scar hyperplasia in rats based on ILK signaling pathway     

LI Xiang-guo  DU Wan-xue  XU Ya-li  HUANG De-bin  HU Ze-hua 《园艺学报》2020,36(2):336-345

AIM: To explore the mechanism of Coriaria sinica Maxim’s extract (CSME) promoting burn wound healing in the early stage and inhibiting excessive scar hyperplasia in the later stage, based on the signaling pathways, such as transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁) regulated by integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and ILK regulated by PI3K/AKT. METHODS: Female SD rats (n=180; 180~200 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal control (NC) group, vaseline (VL) group, silver sulfadiazine (SS) group and low-, medium- and high-dose of CSME (CSME-L, CSME-M and CSME-H) groups, with 30 rats in each group. Except for the rats in NC group, VL, SS, and 3 doses of CSME were applied to the wound surface of the rats in the corresponding groups every day after II° burn model was made on their waist-back in the condition of chloral hydrate anesthesia. To calculate the healing rate (HR), 10 rats in each experimental group were randomly selected to remove their wound skin for observing the pathologic change, detecting the expression of related proteins by Western blot and RT-qPCR, and checking the collagen shrinkage (SK) by fibroblast culture at the 7th, 14th, and 21st days. RESULTS: The expression of ILK, fibronectin (FN), TGF-β₁, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and integrin-β₁ (ITG-β₁) at protein and mRNA levels in wound skin of CSME groups was stronger than that in VL group and SS group at the 7th day in a dose-dependent manner, but weaker than that in VL group and SS group at the 21st day (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the protein and mRNA expression of collagen type I (Col I) in CSME groups was stronger than that in VL group and SS group from the 7th day to the 14th day, but weaker than that in VL group and SS group at the 21st day in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). However, the protein and mRNA expression of collagen type III (Col III) in CSME groups was weaker than that in VL group and SS group from the 7th day to the 14th day, but stronger than that in VL group and SS group at the 21st day in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). The SK of fibroblasts in VL group and SS group was increased continuously over time and reached its peak at 96 h. SK in CSME groups was only higher than that in VL group and SS group at 24 h and 48 h in a dose-dependent manner, but lower than that in VL group and SS group at 96 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: CSME promotes burn wound healing in the early stages and inhibits the scar hyperplasia in the later stages. The mechanisms may be related to its multicomponents or multiple-targets to intervene in the signaling pathways such as TGF-β₁ regulated by ILK and ILK regulated by PI3K/AKT. It may also be related to the ratio of Col I and Col III expression.  相似文献   

2种辅料对苹果蠹蛾性信息素含量测定的影响     

陈传秀  金青 《安徽农业科学》2015,(35):203-204

[目的]研究淀粉、β-环糊精(β-CD)2种辅料对苹果蠹蛾性信息素含量测定的影响.[方法]采用气相色谱法,检测淀粉、β-CD以及分别采用淀粉、β-CD制成的粉剂和颗粒剂中苹果蠹蛾性信息素的含量.[结果]混合物中苹果蠹蛾性信息素的提取回收率为99.64％～ 100.02％;粉剂和颗粒剂中苹果蠹蛾性信息素的平均回收率为99.95％ ～ 100.00％.[结论]β-CD和淀粉均不影响苹果蠹蛾性信息素的含量测定,相容性较好,可进一步进行剂型研究.  相似文献   

苯乙醇胺A及其残留检测方法研究进展     

刘艳  汪建明  王敏  周剑 《中国农业科技导报》2017,19(10):132-138

苯乙醇胺A作为一种新型的β-兴奋剂,具有促进动物蛋白质合成、提高饲料转化率的作用,但其在动物性食品中的残留物对人体健康构成威胁,故近年来引起各界学者的广泛关注。因此建立便捷高效的检测方法至关重要。主要介绍了苯乙醇胺A的理化性质、药理作用、代谢规律、毒理研究以及其在不同样品基质中残留检测的方法,对研究方法的开发与研究提供有益帮助。  相似文献   

Muscovy duck retinoic acid-induced gene I (MdRIG-I) functions in innate immunity against H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIV) infections     

《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2015,163(3-4):183-193

Retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor that senses pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) is a large duck different from other species of ducks, and is more susceptible to some microbial pathogens. In this study, the Muscovy duck RIG-I gene (MdRIG-I) was identified. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that MdRIG-I mRNA was widely expressed in different tissues, especially in those with mucosa. RIG-I null DF-1 cells transfected with DNA constructs encoding MdRIG-I or CARDs domain can activate IRF-3 and NF-κB to up-regulated activity of IFN-β promoter. The components of the signaling pathway downstream of RIG-I in mammalian cells including IRF-3, NF-κB, IFN-β and the IFN-stimulated genes Mx-1, PKR and MDA5 were significantly up-regulated in CARDs-overexpressing-DF-1 cells. Implicating RIG-I in the antiviral response to an infection in vivo, we found that RIG-I expression in brain, spleen, lung and bursa were up-regulated in ducks challenged with H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV), whose six internal genes were closely related to the H7N9 and H10N8 AIV. In vitro, DF-1 cells transfected with MdRIG-I plasmid can respond significantly to H9N2 AIV, evident through enhancement of IFN-β promoter activity and decreased virus titer. Altogether, these results indicated that MdRIG-I is a novel member of RLR gene family, engaging in the early stage of antiviral innate immunity.  相似文献   

Multiple-fungicide resistance to carbendazim,diethofencarb, procymidone,and pyrimethanil in field isolates of Botrytis cinerea from tomato in Henan Province,China     

《Crop Protection》2016

Botrytis cinerea, the fungal pathogen responsible for causing gray mold in tomatoes, frequently exhibits multiple fungicide resistance. In this study, the sensitivity to carbendazim (Car), diethofencarb (Die), procymidone (Prc), and pyrimethanil (Pyr) was determined for 263 isolates of B. cinerea from diseased fruit and leaves of tomato plants from 87 commercial greenhouses in Henan Province of China during 2013 and 2014. Of the isolates tested, 89%, 93%, 85%, and 86% were resistant to Car, Die, Prc, and Pyr, respectively. Twelve phenotypes were found having different sensitivity patterns, and multi-fungicide resistance was found to one, two, three or four fungicides. The percentage of multiple fungicide resistant isolates (Car^RDie^RPrc^RPyr^R) was 68%. Mycelial growth, spore production, and mycelial dry weight were not significantly different between resistant and sensitive phenotypes of the B. cinerea isolates. However, the virulence of Car^SDie^RPrc^SPyr^S isolates was higher than that of the other fungicide-resistance phenotypes. All of the carbendazim and diethofencarb resistant phenotypes carried a point mutation at codon 198 (E198A or E198K) or 200 (F200Y) in the β-tubulin gene, and all of the procymidone resistant phenotypes carried point mutations at codons 369 (Q369P) and 373 (N373S) in the Bos1 gene. These results provided important reference data for assessment of resistance risk of B. cinerea isolates from commercial tomato transplants in Henan Province, indicating the existence of a high frequency of resistance to carbendazim, diethofencarb, procymidone, and pyrimethanil revealing the necessity of a more integrated control of gray mold.  相似文献   

宁夏地区牛源金黄色葡萄球菌β-内酰胺酶的分析及作用方式的研究     

马强  杨蕊  万佳宏  常佳伟  魏彦琴  王桂琴 《畜牧兽医学报》2020,51(5):1138-1148

旨在深入了解宁夏地区牛源金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus, SA)所产生β-内酰胺酶的进化及结构特征并揭示其作用方式。分别以药敏试验和PCR方法检测5种β-内酰胺类药物耐药情况和耐药基因;通过生物信息学手段对检出的β-内酰胺酶BlaZ作进化分析及结构功能预测;利用分子对接和动力学模拟,分析BlaZ的作用方式。结果表明,青霉素类药物的耐药率明显高于头孢菌素;blaZ基因检出率为82.37%,并检出SA中较少报道的blaZTEM-1基因,检出率为26.05%;进化分析可知,BlaZ属于A型β-内酰胺酶,包含63个重要且承受进化压力的踪迹残基;分子对接发现,BlaZ易与青霉素类药物及阿维巴坦等抑制剂结合并形成稳定复合物;动力学模拟显示,BlaZ的结构柔性小于同型酶TEM-1和TEM-52,其中Ω-loop区域柔性存在差异(P<0.05)且能影响与药物的作用,即该区域柔性与结合活性呈正相关;BlaZ分别与氨苄西林和头孢噻呋结合时结构稳定性差异显著(P<0.05)。宁夏地区牛源SA产生的β-内酰胺酶BlaZ属A型,并从菌株中检出blaZTEM-1基因;BlaZ对青霉素类药物的结合活性高于头孢菌素且易于结合阿维巴坦等抑制剂,其中Ω-loop区域的结构柔性是BlaZ与药物结合活性的重要影响因素。  相似文献