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81.
【目的】研究调教训练不同阶段伊犁马粪便代谢物变化特征,初步筛选受影响伊犁马调教训练的差异代谢物。【方法】于新疆伊犁昭苏马场选取饲养管理一致、未经调教训练的10匹速步型伊犁马,分为两组,一组开展专项训练,另一组为未训练组。采集训练第30、60天的马匹粪便样本,采用液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)技术进行非靶向代谢组检测,并对检测结果进行分析。【结果】训练第30天组(QY)和未训练第30天组(QB)比较结果中有27个正离子模式代谢物和20个负离子模式代谢物差异显著,2-花生酰基甘油、丙酰左旋肉碱和肌酸等代谢物显著上调,代谢物主要聚集在β-丙氨酸代谢、精氨酸与脯氨酸代谢、戊糖磷酸途径、花生四烯酸代谢、5-羟色胺能突触等代谢途径中。训练第60天组(HY)和未训练第60天组(HB)比较结果中有57个正离子模式代谢物和33个负离子模式代谢物差异显著,棕榈油酸、棕榈酸、甲睾酮和褪黑素等代谢物显著上调,皮质醇和叶酸等代谢物显著下调,代谢物主要聚集在类固醇激素生物合成、库欣综合征、皮质醇的合成和分泌、神经活性配体-受体相互作用、脂肪酸生物合成、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成等代谢途径中。【结论】调教训练不同阶段伊... 相似文献
82.
从待屠宰伊犁马中随机选出35匹进行了测定和分析,按4岁以下、4～6岁、6～12岁及12岁以上4种不同年龄阶段分组,测定各组马匹主要屠宰性状指标.在终年放牧条件下,伊犁马平均活重317.62kg,屠宰率47.80%,净肉率37.21%,肉骨比3.9:1.而4～6岁的伊犁马平均活重308.5kg,屠宰率49.01%,净肉率39.84%,肉骨比4.21:1,其主要屠宰性能指标均显著优于其他3组年龄阶段伊犁马.结果表明,4～6岁为伊犁马的适宜屠宰年龄阶段. 相似文献
83.
【目的】 研究调教训练对1 000 m速步赛伊犁马血气指标的影响,为国产速步赛马调教训练方案的制定提供数据参考。【方法】 选取8匹健康伊犁马母马为试验对象,速步专项训练2个月,在训练开始前和训练结束后分别组织速步测试赛,采集运动前、运动后即刻及运动后15 min马匹血液样本,测定样本血气指标,对运动前、运动后即刻及运动后15 min测定指标进行差异性分析,对训练前和训练后测定指标进行独立样本T检验。【结果】 调教训练前,1 000 m速歩赛伊犁马血液pH值运动后即刻极显著低于运动后15 min(P<0.01),HCO-3浓度、剩余碱浓度运动后即刻极显著低于运动前(P<0.05),PCO2和TCO2运动后即刻极显著低于运动前(P<0.01)Hct和Hb浓度运动后即刻极显著高于运动前(P<0.01),显著高于运动后15 min(P<0.05);调教训练后,1 000 m速歩赛伊犁马血液pH值运动后即刻显著低于运动前和运动后15 min(P<0.05),Na+浓度在运动后即刻显著高于运动前(P<0.05);Hct和Hb浓度在运动后即刻显著高于运动后15 min(P<0.05)。通过对调教训练前和调教训练后对比发现,1 000 m速歩赛伊犁马调教训练前、后静脉血液剩余碱浓度运动后即刻调教训练后显著高于调教训练前(P<0.05),PCO2在运动后15 min调教训练前显著低于调教训练后(P<0.05),Hb浓度在运动后15 min调教训练前极显著高于调教训练后(P<0.01),Hct在运动后15 min调教训练前显著高于调教训练后(P<0.05)。【结论】 综上所述,调教训练后能够增强1 000 m速歩赛伊犁马酸碱平衡能力、气体交换能力及血液运输能力,有效降低马匹在运动过程中的机体损伤。 相似文献
84.
旨在研究不同比赛途程伊犁马赛前心率变异性（HRV）的差异,为不同比赛途程伊犁马的选择提供理论依据。选取比赛性能优异1 000 m、1 600 m、3 600 m和5 000 m的伊犁马各12匹为研究对象,分别采集比赛前安静状态下的HRV数据,分析不同比赛途程各检测指标的差异性。结果显示,Mean RR（相邻R-R间期平均值）1 000 m伊犁马极显著低于5 000 m伊犁马;SDNN（R-R间期标准差）、RMSSD（R-R间隔均值标准差）、pNN50（相邻间期差值＞50 ms的百分比）、SD1（全部瞬时R-R间隔的标准差）、SD2（长时R-R间隔标准差）和VLF（极低频功率）1 000 m伊犁马显著低于5 000 m伊犁马;SD2和SDNN指标1 600 m伊犁马极显著低于5 000 m伊犁马;Mean HR（平均心率）、RMSSD、SD1和VLF指标1 600 m伊犁马均显著低于5 000 m伊犁马;Mean HR、pNN50、SD2、VLF、LFnu指标3 600 m伊犁马均显著低于5 000 m伊犁马;Mean RR指标1 000 m伊犁马显著低于3 600 m伊犁马;Mean HR指标1 600 m、3 600 m和5 000 m伊犁马均显著低于 1 000 m伊犁马;HFnu指标1 000 m、1 600 m和5 000 m伊犁马均显著低于3 600 m伊犁马。表明随着比赛距离的增加,伊犁马神经活动类型发生改变,在较长距离比赛中交感神经-迷走神经的均衡性和心迷走神经的张力上升,是影响伊犁马比赛途程选择的主要因素。 相似文献
85.
【目的】研究不同胎次放牧伊犁马日产奶量及鲜马乳中营养成分的变化规律,探索自由放牧条件下伊犁马的泌乳性能,为开发利用马乳产品提供数据参考。【方法】利用SPSS18.0软件,分析不同胎次放牧伊犁马产奶量及营养成分的差异性,通过逐步回归分析建立回归方程。【结果】在第7胎次的营养品质较低(乳脂1.3%、乳蛋白1.66%、乳糖5.86%、总固形物9.3%),但产奶量较高(12.49L);第4胎次马奶的营养品质较高(乳脂1.35%、乳蛋白1.82%、乳糖6.13%、总固形物9.77%);建立了日产奶量与乳蛋白和总固形物与乳脂、乳蛋白、乳糖的回归模型,即Y产奶量=840.157-106.073X乳蛋白,Y总固形物=-0.147+1.187X乳糖+0.803X乳脂+0.864X乳蛋白。【结论】不同胎次放牧伊犁马的日产奶量及鲜马乳中乳糖、乳蛋白、乳脂和总固形物含量均呈显著或极显著差异性,产奶量与乳成分和各乳成分之间均存在一定的相关性。 相似文献
86.
【目的】研究不同热身程度对伊犁马1 000 m速度赛后各阶段血气指标的影响,为优化马匹热身方案、提高伊犁马1 000 m速度赛后恢复能力提供技术支撑。【方法】选取10匹速度型伊犁马为研究对象,分别以最大心率70%~80%、60%~70%、50%~60%,热身10 min后进行1 000 m速度赛,对各组赛后各阶段马匹血气指标进行差异性分析。【结果】伊犁马1 000 m速度赛中,在Ⅰ组热身程度下,赛后即刻Glu、Hct、Hb浓度均极显著高于赛前、赛后30 min、赛后60 min(P<0.01),Hct浓度于赛后30 min恢复至赛前水平;赛前、赛后30 min、赛后60 min pCO2均极显著高于赛后即刻(P<0.01),于赛后30 min恢复至赛前水平;赛后即刻pO2极显著高于赛后30 min、赛后60 min(P<0.01),显著高于赛前;赛前、赛后60 min TCO2均极显著高于赛后即刻、赛后30 min(P<0.01);赛后30 min TCO2极显著高于赛后即刻(P<0.01);赛前、赛后30 min、赛后60 min pH值均极显著高于赛后即刻(P<0.01);赛后即刻LAC浓度极显著高于赛前、赛后30 min、赛后60 min(P<0.01);赛后30 min LAC浓度极显著高于赛前、赛后60 min(P<0.01);赛后60 min LAC浓度显著高于赛前(P<0.05);赛前、赛后60 min BE(ecf)浓度均极显著高于赛后即刻;赛后30 min BE(ecf)浓度极显著高于赛后即刻(P<0.01);赛前、赛后60 min BE(b)浓度均极显著高于赛后即刻、赛后30 min(P<0.01);赛后30 min BE(b)浓度极显著高于赛后即刻(P<0.01)。【结论】伊犁马1 000 m速度赛竞赛马匹在最大心率50%~60%热身10 min,有助于赛后马匹肺通气功能的恢复,能够有效调节运动后血液酸碱平衡和有氧代谢能力。 相似文献
87.
Effects of four kinds of diets on nutrient digestion and metabolism and blood biochemical indexes of one-year-old Yili horse were studied in this experiment.16 health horses(all males) with an average body weight of (227.38±16.48)kg and similar age (one-year old) were used in a staging and grouping experiment design.First stage had groupsⅠ and Ⅱ,second stage had groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ.The horses of group Ⅰ were fed with alfalfa 8 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 0 kg/d; The horses of group Ⅱ were fed with alfalfa 7 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 1 kg/d;The horses of group Ⅲ were fed with alfalfa 6.3 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 1.7 kg/d;The horses of group Ⅳ were fed with alfalfa 5.6 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 2.4 kg/d.Each stage lasted for 21 d (15 d pretrial period and 6 d trial period).The results showed that the digestibility of DM,OM,CP and P were increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate,while the digestibility of NDF,ADF and Ca showed downtrend.DE and ME were significantly increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate (P > 0.05).N retention and retention rate showed an increasing tendency,N retention and retention rate of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were extremely significant higher than those in group Ⅰ (P < 0.01).Ca retention and retention rate decreased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate,and Ca retention and retention rate of group Ⅰ were extremely significant higher than those in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P < 0.01).P retention was extremely significant increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate (P < 0.01).There were no significant difference in the content of TP among all trial groups (P > 0.05),but the content of BUN in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were lower than those in group Ⅰ (P > 0.05).Thus,comprehensive nutrient digestion and metabolism,blood biochemical indicators of four of kinds diets in one-year-old Yili horse,the requirement of crude protein,digestible protein,metabolizable energy,digestible energy were 14.28,9.16 g/(kg·BW) and 1.74,1.41 MJ/(kg·BW),respectively. 相似文献
88.
YU Xi ZANG Chang-jiang LIU Ling-ling MA Hai-yu HE Mei-sheng JIANG Xin CAO Hang LIU Wu-jun 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(9):2453-2458
This experiment was designed to analyze association of prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene polymorphism with milk yield of Yili horse.The number of 60 horse were selected as samples, detected genetic polymorphism of PRLR gene using PCR-SSCP technique and sequencing technology, and then analyzed the polymorphism with milk yield of Yili horse.The results showed that there were two polymorphism fragments of PRLR gene flanking region, there were three genotypes:AA, AB and BB.Two novel SNPs (g.29764513 G>A and g.30106804 C>A) were identified of PRLR gene flanking region by sequencing.The g.29764513 G>A SNP caused amino acid variations as p.33His>Arg, while the g.30106804 C>A SNP was synonymous mutation without causing amino acid changes.Statistical results indicated that the g.29764513 G>A and g.30106804 C>A SNPs were significantly associated with daily milk yield in Yili horse (P<0.05).These mutations might be as a crucial DNA genetic markersfor milk production traits selection in Yili horse. 相似文献
89.
【目的】 研究补喂胍基乙酸（GAA）对伊犁马血浆胍基乙酸、肌酸浓度的影响。【方法】 选取20匹年龄为2~3岁、体重[（373.2±30.53）kg]相近且经过严格训练的速度赛用伊犁马,随机分为4组,每组5匹（3♀+2♂）,每日等强度训练。每匹马每天饲喂精料补充料4 kg,自由采食青干草,各组每天每匹马分别补喂0（CON组）、25（25 GAA组）、50（50 GAA组）和75 mg/kg BW（75 GAA组）的胍基乙酸。【结果】 （1）补喂胍基乙酸极显著提高了50 GAA组马匹第1~10 d以及75 GAA 组马匹7 d、10 d的饲喂后2 h血浆Cr/GAA（P<0.01）,显著提高了50 GAA组马匹第7 d、10 d的饲喂后2 h血浆肌酐浓度（P<0.05）。（2）补喂胍基乙酸极显著提高了各试验组血浆Cr/GAA（P<0.01）,极显著提高了50、75 GAA组马匹血浆肌酸浓度及24 h尿液肌酸代谢物排出量（P<0.01）。【结论】 补喂胍基乙酸提高了伊犁马血浆肌酸代谢物浓度,促进了伊犁马机体对胍基乙酸的快速吸收,以供机体利用,适宜添加水平为50 mg/kg BW。 相似文献
90.
MENG Jun WANG Jianwen KONG Qisen ZENG Yaqi LI Linling ZHANG Yaang REN Wanlu WANG Chuankun YAO Runchen YAO Xinkui 《中国畜牧兽医》2020,47(3):814-821
This experiment aimed to analyze the effects of different training stages on the limb angle of the Yili horse in 1 km trotter.8 Two-year-old Yili horses were selected as the test subjects.Through the 1 km trotter training for three months,the trotter test race was organized before and after the training.The video analysis was used to analyze the maximum limb opening angle,the minimum contraction angle and the extreme difference of limb angle of straight and curved horses in the process of exercise,and the difference of limb angle changes in different training stages were analyzed.The results showed that in the straight movement,the maximum opening angle and minimum contraction angle of shoulder angle before training were significantly less than those after three months training (P<0.05).The maximum opening angle and angle range of the elbow and the back fetlock angle before training were extremely significantly smaller than those after the three months training (P<0.01).The carpus and tarsus angle of the minimum contraction angle and angle range were extremely significantly different from those after the three months training (P<0.01).The maximum opening angle,minimum contraction angle and angular range of the front fetlock angle before the training were extremely significantly different from those after the three months training (P<0.01).In the curve movement,the maximum opening angle of the shoulder angle was significantly greater than those before the three months training (P<0.05).The minimum contraction angle and angle range of the elbow angle and the front fetlock angle were significantly different from those before the three months training (P<0.05).The minimum contraction angle of the carpus angle was extremely significantly greater than that of the three months after training (P<0.01),the angle range of the carpus angle before the training was significantly greater than three months after training (P<0.05).The maximum opening angle and angle range of the carpus angle were significantly greater than those before the three months training (P<0.01).The minimum contraction angle of the stifle angle before training was extremely significantly less than that after training for three months (P<0.01),the maximum opening angle and the angle range of the tarsus angle was significant greater than those before the three months training (P<0.05).In summary,the training affects the change of limb angles during the movement of the horse,and improves the stability of the horse movement and reduces the risk of injury. 相似文献