基于经济博弈视角的奶牛合作社原奶价格分析     

赵建伟  苏义坤 《安徽农业科学》2014,(35):12707-12709

为了解析近年来中国奶牛合作社利润随着牛奶产量的增加利益不增反降的现象,从经济博弈论的角度出发,根据宏升村奶牛合作社具体情况,通过建立Bertrand模型,分析了牛奶利润减少的经济学原因：同质性的牛奶在供给大于需求的情况下,逐渐演变成合作社之间的成本战,合作社利润趋于0.为了转变这种情况,在不退市的前提下只有改变牛奶的同质性才能转亏为盈.合作社应当积极采用新技术新方法,努力提高牛奶品质以摆脱成本战的困境,在市场中占据优势地位.  相似文献   

离子色谱法测定乳制品中硫氰酸盐的研究     

陈敬  钱振杰  潘  亮等 《安徽农业科学》2014,(20):6796-6797

[目的]建立乳制品中硫氰酸盐含量测定的离子色谱方法。[方法]样品溶液经乙酸沉淀,去除蛋白质及脂肪的干扰后,过滤装瓶。采用Ion Pac AS11-HC柱(4 mm×250 mm)对其进行分离。以保留时间定性,试样中硫氰酸根峰面积比与标准系列比较定量。[结果]试验表明,硫氰酸盐在0.1~2.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为R2=0.999 6,添加回收率为92.0%~96.6%,变异系数分别为1.18%~2.28%,定量限为1.0 mg/kg。[结论]该方法简便、快速、可靠,可用于市售乳制品中硫氰酸盐含量的测定。  相似文献   

泰州市奶牛乳房炎调查及其病原菌的分离     

郁杰  葛竹兴  苏永芳  朱善元  蒋春茂  洪伟鸣  王妲妲  王付景 《广西农业生物科学》2010,(6):1108-1110

奶牛乳房炎是奶牛场的常发病和难以防治的疾病,为进一步了解引起奶牛乳房炎的病原微生物,本研究通过对泰州市3个奶牛场572头泌乳牛的乳房炎发病率进行了调查并对乳房炎主要病原菌进行分离和鉴定。结果表明,奶牛临床型乳房炎的发病率为7.69%,隐性型乳房炎发病率为56.64%,乳区阳性率为33.8%,其中临床型：隐性=1：7.36。从65份确定患有乳房炎的奶样中共分离获得8种细菌、156株分离株,且引起乳房炎的主要病原菌是金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌,其次是停乳链球菌、大肠杆菌、乳房链球菌和无乳链球菌,其检出率分别为42.31%、23.08%、8.97%、6.41%、5.13%和1.28%。该项调查结果初步明确了泰州市乳房炎发病情况,同时为进一步综合防治奶牛乳房炎和研制乳房炎治疗药物提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

TDP穴区照射调整奶牛分娩前后血液流变性的研究     

王清兰  焦淑贤 《中国农业科学》2000,33(1):87-93

 健康妊娠奶牛20头随机分为照射组和对照组各10头。照射组奶牛分别于分娩前10～3d和产后1～3d,用TDP辐射仪交替照射百会和后海穴区,每天1次,60min。奶牛分别于分娩前20、15、10、5、3、1d,1～4h和产后1～4h、1、3、15d,颈静脉采血样。检测血样的ηb80s-1,ηb20s-1,ηp,PCV,ηr,RI,AI和血浆的Glu,TP,FG的含量。与对照组比较,结果:TDP穴区照射对奶牛分娩前和后一定时期内的ηb80s-1,ηb20s-1和ηp具有一定调整作用;调整和改善分娩过程中的血糖含量和血液的流动性与变形性,减少血液丢失等,从而提高机体分娩应激反应综合适应能力。其作用机理可能是TDP辐射红外热能的经、穴感应调整作用和机体产生的生物能量效应等的综合。  相似文献   

研究不同氨基酸模式对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞生长的影响     

陈智梅  高民  刘桂瑞  王瑶  李正洪  李兆林 《中国奶牛》2010,(11):4-6

本试验以泌乳奶牛乳腺组织为原料,采用组织块培养技术,研究培养基内不同氨基酸模式对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞增殖的影响。结果表明,随着培养天数的增加,细胞数量逐渐增加,第10天各组细胞数量分别达到最高,乳腺上皮细胞生长曲线呈"S"形。不同氨基酸模式对乳腺细胞生长有显著影响,与氨基酸不平衡组相比,氨基酸平衡组、理想组更能促进细胞生长,各组间差异显著(P0.05)。  相似文献   

奶牛单基因遗传缺陷研究进展     

周月君 《中国牛业科学》2010,36(5):46-50

综述了奶牛遗传缺陷病的危害、种类及遗传方式。对世界荷斯坦联盟和加拿大奶牛协会官方要求在奶牛上系谱注明检测结果的6种遗传缺陷病,脊椎畸形综合症、白细胞粘附缺陷症、牛尿苷酸合酶缺乏症、瓜氨酸血症、凝血因子XI缺陷症（Factor XI）、并趾症也称为骡蹄症的最新研究进展进行了概述。  相似文献   

The occurrence of summer mastitis in Jutland (Denmark) in relation to meteorological factors     

J E Olesen  S A Nielsen  J W Hansen  P Nansen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1985,26(4):466-481

Data for incidence of summer mastitis in 14 veterinary practices in Jutland (Denmark) were related to meteorological factors using statistical methods. A correlation and regression analysis showed that summer mastitis occurred earlier in years with high temperature and precipitation in early summer. The annual number of cases markedly increased over the years 1953 to 1980. This increase was described by applying a linear increase with with year to a logarithmic transformation of the annual incidence.Analysis of 10-day incidences from the veterinary practices and daily incidence from a test site at St. Vildmose (Jutland) showed that incidence of summer mastitis could be related to temperature and wind velocity within the previous 10 days. High temperature and low wind velocity in this period increase the incidence. This indicates that the incubation period of summer mastitis is at maximum about 10 days. The activity of the fly (Hydrotaea irritans Fall), which acts as mechanical vector for the bacteria is influenced by temperature and wind velocity. This may explain the variation in incidence of summer mastitis during the season and from year to year.  相似文献   

The impact of Theileria parva infections and other factors on calf mean daily weight gains in smallholder dairy farms in Murang’a District, Kenya     

G. K. Gitau  J. J. McDermott  B. McDermott  B. D. Perry 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2001,51(3-4)

The association between mean daily weight gain, Theileria parva infections, clinical East Coast fever and other possible determinants of weight gain were examined in a longitudinal observational study that was conducted in cohorts of female calves from five agro-ecological zone (AEZ)-grazing strata. The strata were upper-midlands (UM) 1 zero-grazing, UM 1 open-grazing, UM 2 zero-grazing, UM 4 zero-grazing and UM 4 open-grazing. In total, 225 calves on 188 smallholder dairy farms were visited within the first 2 weeks of life and thereafter at biweekly intervals up to the age of 6 months between March 1995 and August 1996. During each visit, the calves were weighed and other calf-management practices in the farm during the visit such as housing, feeding and tick control also were recorded. Other events such as morbidity and mortality between or during the visits were also recorded.The overall mean daily weight gains were 0.24–0.29 kg (S.D.=0.17–0.22 kg) and were lower than the recommended targets for smallholder farms of 0.40–0.50 kg. The major tendency in variability of daily weight gains was due to visit-to-visit variation (especially in calves >3 months old).Differences in mean daily gains were associated with AEZ-grazing strata and calf-level factors that included breed of calf, calf sickness, incidence of ECF, feeding of milk, concentrate feeds and minerals and interaction between calf age and AEZ-grazing strata (P<0.05). ECF and other calf sicknesses exerted a temporal effect on calf-growth at the height of illness and immediately after; calves later recovered the lost growth except where other factors such as poor calf nutrition prevailed. Improvement in calf-growth in Murang’a District is achievable and extension services should continue to target individual-calf-level management practices.  相似文献   

奶牛乳房炎防治研究进展   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

叶芬  曹杰  魏学良 《中国牛业科学》2007,33(5):53-55

奶牛乳房炎是危害奶牛养殖业常见的疾病之一.本文对控制奶牛乳房炎的经济意义、预防和治疗乳房炎及乳房炎防治研究方向等方面进行简要综述,为深入研究奶牛乳房炎的综合防治提供资料.  相似文献   

奶牛阴离子日粮的配制与应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘庆华  刑启银 《中国牛业科学》2003,29(3):45-46

目前防治奶牛产褥热效果较好的方法是给产犊前3—5周的经产怀孕母牛饲喂阴离子日粮。但高量阴离子盐类适口性差，对采食量产生不良影响，因此想要地通过添加阴离子盐类来防止产褥热并期望得到应有的效果，有时是不可能的。针对该问题，本文介绍了阴离子日粮的配制与应用的方法。  相似文献