Study on the association of BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles with clinical mastitis in Norwegian Red cows   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

S. Kulberg  B. Heringstad  O.A. Guttersrud  & I. Olsaker 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2007,124(4):201-207

Genotyping of bovine leucocyte antigen DRB3.2 (BoLA-DRB3.2) in a total of 523 Norwegian Red (NR) cows from two groups selected for high protein yield and low clinical mastitis, respectively, identified 27 previously reported BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles across the groups. Significant differences in BoLA-DRB3.2 allele frequencies were found between the selection groups. Alleles *13, *18, *22 and *27 had a significantly higher frequency in cows selected for low clinical mastitis, while alleles *3, *9, *11 and *26 had a higher frequency in cows selected for high protein yield. Associations between BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles and clinical mastitis were analysed based on mastitis data from 741,072 first-lactation NR cows, of which 452 were genotyped. Alleles *22 and *26 were found to be associated with increased clinical mastitis, while alleles *7, *11, *18 and *24 had a favourable effect on mastitis resistance. Contradictory results from different studies investigating associations between BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles and mastitis indicate that future studies should focus on associations of mastitis with BoLA haplotypes rather than with single BoLA genes.  相似文献   

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CANINE MASTITIS     

KATJA TRASCH  AXEL WEHREND  HARTWIG BOSTEDT 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(6):580-584

Ultrasonographic images were acquired of the mammary glands of 40 bitches with physiologically lactating (n = 20) or inflamed glands (n = 20). Echogenicity, structure, homogeneity, thickness, and distinguishability of each tissue layer were assessed. Additionally, overall echogenicity was noted. In the normal lactating gland, different tissues could be differentiated easily. The parenchyma was, without exception, separated from adjacent tissues and was visible as medium echogenic tissue with a coarse-grained structure. The tissue always had some echogenic lines and anechoic areas and was slightly heterogeneous. The loss of distinct layering of the tissue was characteristic of an inflamed mammary gland and inflamed regions had reduced echogenicity. Additionally in five bitches with mastitis, the ultrasound examination was repeated five times for documentation of the progress of the illness and associated changes, supplemented with a color Doppler sonogram to assess changes in blood vessel density. Information from the examinations carried out via B-mode did not allow treatment success to be predicted. Two bitches with reduced blood vessel density centrally had a poor outcome whereas three bitches with increased blood vessel density had a good outcome. Thus, Doppler sonography might be a useful tool to obtain information of the prognosis in acute canine mastitis.  相似文献   

新疆奶牛产业化现状与发展对策   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

曾明军  坎杂  谭春林 《中国牛业科学》2007,33(1):48-50

针对新疆奶牛业的发展实际,文章分析了新疆奶牛生产目前存在的主要问题及原因,阐述了新疆奶牛业的发展潜力和目标,并从七个方面提出了加快奶业发展的基本思路和关键措施.最后指出要加快奶牛产业化发展,首先应提高认识,重视奶牛品种改良、科技推广、种草养牛和加快奶产品加工流通等,同时政府应给予必要的引导和扶持.  相似文献   

干草的营养价值及其对奶牛日粮组合效应的影响     

赵鹤  苗树君 《中国牛业科学》2007,33(1):70-73

文章综述了国内外相关文献及研究成果,阐明了优质干草的营养特点,干草质量对奶牛日粮的组合效应、对奶牛生理机能及生产性能的影响作用,指出通过研究优质干草的贮藏技术和奶牛日粮的粗饲料组合效应,可以实现奶牛高效日粮的配制和科学饲养,提高奶牛的生产性能,改善牛奶品质.为合理使用优质干草,科学配制日粮,保证奶牛安全、健康和高产提供依据.  相似文献   

Effect of photoperiod on milk yield and quality, and reproduction in dairy goats     

R. Garcia-Hernandez  G. Newton  S. Horner  Lou C. Nuti   《Livestock Science》2007,110(3):214-220

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of long day photoperiod (LDPP) on milk production and reproduction in milk goats. A total of 79 goats were randomly assigned to three treatment groups blocked by day of kidding. Group 1 (Gr1, n = 26) was subjected to natural photoperiod from January 6 to December 5. Group 2 (Gr2, n = 24) was subjected to LDPP (20 h light, 4 h dark) from June 22 to December 5. Group 3 (Gr3, n = 29) was subjected to LDPP from January 6 to December 6. Weekly milk weights and samples were collected for fat, protein and somatic cell count (SCC) determinations. Blood serum was harvested for progesterone (P4) determination. Results indicated a significant effect (p < 0.001) between treatments for body weight changes, feed intake and milk yield. Both light treated groups had a significantly higher (p < 0.001) average daily milk output for the entire lactation period than the control group (G1, 2.193 kg/day; G2, 2.517 kg/day; G3, 2.305 kg/day). Milk fat for the overall lactation was significantly higher in Gr3 (+ 0.19 g/100 ml) than for Gr2 (+ 0.06 g/100 ml) when compared to the control group (x g/100 ml) under natural photoperiod. Somatic cell counts throughout lactation were significantly (p < 0.001) lower for Gr2 (1.70 million/ml) and higher for Gr3 (2.03 million/ml), with the control group (Gr1) having an intermediate level (1.96 million/ml). Progesterone levels between June 9 and August 30 indicated that 27%, 48% and 63% of the animals had P4 levels in excess of 1.0 ng/ml serum for Gr1, Gr2 and Gr3, respectively. Pregnancy diagnosis by ultrasound in December revealed that a high number of does in the light treated groups (10 of 37) were pseudo-pregnant when compared with the control group (1 of 21). Although light appeared to be effective in increasing milk production, further investigations are needed to evaluate the effect of LDPP on pseudo-pregnancy in dairy goats.  相似文献   

奶牛热应激缓解剂效果及机制初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李高凯  梁学武  刘庆华 《中国牛业科学》2006,33(3):19-22

根据胎次、泌乳天数、产奶量将临床健康、平均泌乳146 d、产奶量17.49 kg/头.d的74头中国荷斯坦泌乳牛随机配对分为2组,试验牛集中饲养于同一栋棚舍式拴系牛舍中,按照前后交叉试设计,每期预饲期7 d,正式试验期21 d,前后试验间歇期15 d。试验期牛舍平均温度为31.07℃,温湿指数(TH I)为82.61。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在此基础上添加1%奶牛热应激缓解剂。结果表明:1.试验组体温较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),呼吸和脉搏也有降低的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05);2.试验组干物质进食量(DM I)较对照组提高6.4%(P<0.05),4?M奶量较对照组提高5.41%(P<0.05),乳脂率、乳蛋白率和乳总固体物含量差异不显著(P>0.05);3.试验组血液一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性较对照组显著提高(P<0.05),诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性显著降低(P<0.05),热应激缓解剂可能的作用机制是一方面提高热应激期奶牛血液结构型一氧化氮合酶(cNOS)活性,随之激活CM产生短时效适量的NO,使外周血管舒张,机体通过血流将体内的热量运至皮肤进行蒸发散热;另一方面减弱奶牛的甲状腺活动,降低代谢率,减少产热量。  相似文献   

精粗比条件下新疆芦苇在断奶初期奶公犊瘤胃内动态降解的研究     

陈宁  尹君亮  李国庆  宋志强  刘福元  李周权 《中国牛业科学》2006,33(3):35-38

选用3头三月龄左右装有瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦公犊,按3×3完全拉丁方试验设计,喂给三种日粮,日粮组成按精粗比分别表示为:Ⅰ:70∶30;Ⅱ:60∶40;Ⅲ:50∶50,研究不同日粮组成下新疆芦苇的DM、CP以及NDF在断奶初期奶公犊瘤胃内动态降解。结果表明:精粗比为60∶40日粮时,其CP的消失率和降解参数显著低于精粗比为70∶30和50∶50的日粮(P<0.05);其DM和NDF的消失率和降解参数显著高于精粗比为70∶30和50∶50的日粮(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

伊犁州直奶业发展现状及其对策     

木拉提汗  娜孜拉  巴登加甫  乃比江  王健 《中国牛业科学》2006,32(5):69-71,77

伊犁州直是新疆重要的畜牧业生产基地，奶业发展具有一定优势，但同时也存在不少问题和困难。本文综合阐述了近几年伊犁州直奶业发展现状，通过分析奶业发展的优势、不足及存在的问题，提出了今后的发展方向和对策。  相似文献   

奶牛生产寿命和产奶量的相关性研究     

李芬  周娟  马云  张立岗 《中国牛业科学》2006,32(6):12-14

本研究利用陕西省西安市现代农业开发区第二奶牛场1990年～2002年间249头已淘汰奶牛的胎次及产奶量记录等资料,对奶牛的生产寿命即第一胎次至淘汰的泌乳天数和生产效益的关系进行了研究。结果表明,奶牛的生产寿命与终生产奶量之间存在强正相关,相关系数为0．99。奶牛的使用年限和产奶量之间存在显著的曲线相关(P＜0．05)。此外,研究结果表明,该奶牛场奶牛不同胎次产奶量以第5胎次为最高。  相似文献   

生物饲料饲喂奶牛试验效果及分析     

高圣玥  李红宇海龙 《牧草与饲料》2007,1(1):40-42,51

研究采用专用微生物发酵制剂生产的生物饲料对奶牛产奶性能的影响。将20头产奶牛随机分成试验组和对照组，以生物发酵料和全价混合精料分别作试验组和对照组奶牛日粮精料，青、粗饲料以及饲养管理条件试验组与对照组相同。结果表明：试验组奶牛头日平均产奶量比对照组多2．61kg,增加11．57％，（p〈0．05），每头增收27．38元。与对照组相比，用生物饲料饲喂奶牛可提高产奶量，经济效益明显。  相似文献