抗菌肽粗提物对肉鸡生长性能、粪便微生物菌群结构及经济效益的影响     

乔恒鑫  轩松 《中国饲料》2021,1(7):68-71

为分析抗菌肽粗提物对肉鸡生长性能、粪便微生物菌群结构及经济效益的影响,试验选择体重相近的21日龄白羽肉鸡600只,随机分成4组,每组15个重复,每个重复10只,1组为空白对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验2、3、4组在基础日粮中分别添加1.0%、1.5%、2.0%的抗菌肽粗提物,试验期为21 d。结果表明：（1）试验2、3、4组的平均采食均高于1组（P > 0.05）|试验3、4组的平均日增重较1组比分别提高11.0%、9.4%（P ＜ 0.05）,料重比较1组比分别降低18.5%、15.2% （P ＜ 0.05）|（2）试验3、4组粪便中大肠杆菌的含量较1组分别降低14.3%、18.0%（P ＜ 0.05）,试验3、4组粪便中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌的含量较1组比分别提高4.6%、6.7%、14.5%、12.3%（P ＜ 0.05）|（3）试验3、4组每只肉鸡经济效益较1组比分别提高19.3%、17.7%。综上,1.5%抗菌肽粗提物添加可以提高白羽肉鸡生长性能,改善粪便微生物菌群结构,提高其经济效益。 [关键词] 抗菌肽粗提物|白羽肉鸡|生长性能|粪便微生物菌群结构|经济效益  相似文献   

Antimicrobial minimum inhibitory concentration of Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a systematic review     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2021,30(2):100160

  相似文献   

甘肃省某奶牛场肠杆菌性乳房炎主要病原菌的分离鉴定与耐药性分析     

王海瑞  王旭荣  张景艳  王磊  曹明泽  李建喜  王学智 《动物医学进展》2016,(5):63-68

为查明甘肃省某奶牛场发生临床型奶牛乳房炎的主要病原菌并选择治疗用敏感药物,随机无菌采集了6份临床型病牛乳样和1份大罐乳样,采用划线分离、菌落形态观察、革兰染色镜检、生化鉴定及16S rDNA序列分析等方法进行细菌分离鉴定,同时采用K-B法测定主要分离菌株对抗菌药物的敏感性。结果表明,从临床型乳房炎乳样中分离鉴定出大肠埃希菌、芽胞杆菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(腐生葡萄球菌)3种细菌,其中大肠埃希菌的分离率最高,为66.67%;从大罐奶样中也分离出大肠埃希菌。药敏试验结果表明,大肠埃希菌对氨苄青霉素、阿莫西林、头孢噻吩、杆菌肽、红霉素均存在不同程度的耐药,耐药率为29%~100%;对诺氟沙星、恩诺沙星、氟苯尼考、头孢哌酮等药物敏感。说明此次牛场临床型乳房炎的主要病原菌是大肠埃希菌、葡萄球菌和芽胞杆菌,而且分离的大肠埃希菌具有多重耐药性。根据检测分析结果,给奶牛场提出针对性的防控措施,临床型乳房炎的发病率下降,病情得以控制。  相似文献   

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates in Moroccan laying hens farms     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2016,25(4):539-546

Increasing emergence of salmonellosis presents a threat to the effective control of foodborne disease in humans. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of drug susceptibility and molecular characteristics of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) isolated from laying hens (LH) in 3 Moroccan regions, Rabat-Salé-Zemmour-Zaër (RSZZ), Souss-Massa-Drâa (SMD), and the grand Casablanca (GC). A total of 351 samples were collected from 30 consumer egg laying houses at the end of the egg laying period from April to July 2011. Sixty-four out of these 351 examined samples were contaminated by Salmonella. The Salmonella isolated strains were then serotyped and tested for drug susceptibility and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the invasion-associated genes invA and spvC and nalidixic acid resistance-associated qnr gene. The prevalence of NTS infection in LH was estimated to be 73.3%. Seven Salmonella enterica serovars were identified: Enteritidis (37.5%), Kentucky (31.2%), Infantis (10.9%), Typhimurium (6.2%), Thompson (6.2%), Agona (4.6%), and Amsterdam (3.1%). Drug susceptibility testing showed that 65.6% of Salmonella were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 25% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. All isolates were positive for the invasion gene invA and 28% of them were positive for the virulence gene spvC. All nalidixic acid-resistant S. Enteritidis isolates were negative for qnr plasmid genes. Our findings clearly suggest the necessity to establish an NTS monitoring and control program for LH in Morocco.  相似文献   

Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli from national horse racetracks and private horse-riding courses in Korea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yeon Soo Chung  Jae Won Song  Dae Ho Kim  Sook Shin  Young Kyung Park  Soo Jin Yang  Suk Kyung Lim  Kun Taek Park  Yong Ho Park 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2016,17(2):199-206

Limited information is available regarding horse-associated antimicrobial resistant (AR) Escherichia (E.) coli. This study was designed to evaluate the frequency and characterize the pattern of AR E. coli from healthy horse-associated samples. A total of 143 E. coli (4.6%) were isolated from 3,078 samples collected from three national racetracks and 14 private horse-riding courses in Korea. Thirty of the E. coli isolates (21%) showed antimicrobial resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent, and four of the AR E. coli (13.3%) were defined as multi-drug resistance. Most of the AR E. coli harbored AR genes corresponding to their antimicrobial resistance phenotypes. Four of the AR E. coli carried class 1 integrase gene (intI1), a gene associated with multi-drug resistance. Pulsed-field gel electrophoretic analysis showed no genetic relatedness among AR E. coli isolated from different facilities; however, cross-transmissions between horses or horses and environments were detected in two facilities. Although cross-transmission of AR E. coli in horses and their environments was generally low, our study suggests a risk of transmission of AR bacteria between horses and humans. Further studies are needed to evaluate the risk of possible transmission of horse-associated AR bacteria to human communities through horse riders and horse-care workers.  相似文献   

Carriage rate and antibiotic susceptibility of coagulase‐positive staphylococci isolated from healthy dogs in Victoria,Australia          下载免费PDF全文

DC Bean  SM Wigmore 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(12):456-460

  相似文献   

中美动物源微生物耐药性监测对比研究     

崔明全  李霆  程敏  安肖  马苏  赵琪  王鹤佳  张纯萍 《中国兽药杂志》2023,57(8):56-62

抗微生物药物在保障动物健康和食品安全方面发挥了重要作用,为了应对日益严峻的微生物耐药性问题,动物源微生物耐药性监测是应对微生物耐药性风险的重要防控策略。在“同一健康体系”工作框架下,中国和美国积极进行动物源微生物耐药性监测。本文通过对比研究中美动物源微生物耐药性系统的监测设计、监测对象和监测数据应用情况,结合我国畜牧兽医行业现状,立足我国动物源微生物耐药性监测客观需求,旨在为我国动物源微生物耐药性监测工作提供参考。  相似文献   

Susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates in equine ulcerative keratitis: Implications for empirical treatment at a university teaching hospital in Sydney     

M Deniaud  E Tee 《Australian veterinary journal》2023,101(3):115-120

Corneal ulceration is a common ophthalmic condition in horses. It is frequently caused by trauma to the corneal surface, followed by secondary infection by commensal or pathogenic organisms including Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp. Emerging antimicrobial resistance amongst these organisms has raised the need for appropriate antimicrobial therapy selection, to optimise treatment efficacy while minimising further antimicrobial resistance. Medical records of 38 horses presented at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital Camden for ulcerative keratitis between 2010 and 2020 were reviewed to identify those with positive bacterial cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles (13/38). Common susceptibility patterns were identified and used to guide the empirical treatment of equine bacterial corneal ulcers. Pseudomonas spp. (64.3%), Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (14.3%) and Actinobacillus spp. (14.3%) were most commonly identified. Susceptibility to amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was observed in 100%, 66.7% and 85.7% Pseudomonas spp. isolates respectively. Resistance to polymyxin B and neomycin occurred in 85.7% and 71.4% of Pseudomonas spp., respectively. All Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus organisms in this study were susceptible to ceftiofur, cephalexin, penicillin and ampicillin, while they were all resistant to gentamicin, neomycin, enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin. Predominating in this study, Pseudomonas spp. maintained overall aminoglycoside susceptibility despite some emerging resistance, and good fluoroquinolone susceptibility. High resistance to Polymyxin B could have arisen from its common use as first-line therapy for bacterial corneal ulcers. Although further research is required, these new findings about predominant bacteria in equine corneal ulceration in the Camden region and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns can be used to guide the empirical treatment of bacterial corneal ulcers in horses.  相似文献   

Characterisation of faecal microbiota in horses medicated with oral doxycycline hyclate     

Ronan J. J. Chapuis  Anne A. M. J. Becker  Patricia M. Dowling  J. Scott Weese 《Equine veterinary journal》2023,55(1):129-141

  相似文献   

添加纳米粒子的塑料包装材料在杨梅保鲜中的作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张瑶  杨京平  杨莹跃  陆禄  张放 《农机化研究》2007,(3):111-114

纳米技术应用在杨梅保鲜包装上是一个新的尝试,它采用了交互性实验设计方案,将银纳米材料添加进塑料制成包装材料,可观测其保鲜效果.结果表明,纳米塑料包装材料和纳米奇冰石在提高杨梅好果率和延长货架期方面有正面效果;同时,在抑制VC分解方面具有一定的作用.  相似文献