高浓度城市污水处理正交试验研究     

刘畅  程晓如  郑旭荣  龚兵  曾勇 《中国农村水利水电》2004,(6):34-36

针对新疆石河子市城市污水CODcr高于1000mg／L的特点，采用SBR工艺进行处理试验，并用正交试验的方法对最佳工艺条件进行了探讨。试验表明，该工艺对高浓度城市污水有较好的处理效果。通过控制运行条件，可使出水各项指标分别满足污水综合排放标准和农业灌溉的要求。  相似文献   

基于计算机视觉系统的溶液浓度快速检测方法     

赵海燕  贾贵儒  侯彩云 《农机化研究》2006,(12):136-138

基于计算机视觉系统的RGB色度学理论,提出一种测定有色溶液浓度的数字色度法,并开发了与之配套的软件检测系统。该方法与分光光度计相比,大大提高了检测效率,理论上每分钟可完成上百个样品浓度的同时测定。通过软件系统分析样品色度信息,实现自动显示被测溶液浓度的良好效果,为一次性成批检测溶液浓度提供了一种简捷快速的新思路。  相似文献   

宁夏荒漠草原不同土地利用方式对土壤活性有机碳的影响     

李学斌  李月飞  陈林  苏莹  祝忠有 《北方园艺》2021,(1):91-99

以宁夏荒漠草原不同土地利用方式(耕地、弃耕地、草地和柠条地)的土壤为研究对象,测定了不同土层土壤有机碳和活性有机碳含量,分析了土壤活性有机碳占有机碳的比例,以期探寻不同土地利用方式对土壤活性有机碳的影响。结果表明:不同土地利用方式土壤总有机碳含量范围在1.78~6.17 g·kg^-1,具体表现为弃耕地>柠条地>草地>耕地。表层(0~5 cm)土壤有机碳含量显著高于深层(10~60 cm),说明荒漠草原土壤有机碳主要富集在表层;4种土地利用方式土壤易氧化有机碳含量为0.57~1.38 mg·g^-1,变化趋势具体表现为柠条地>草地>耕地>弃耕地,且柠条地在每个土层都高于其它3种土地利用方式;土壤可溶性有机碳含量范围为6.8~11.1 mg·kg^-1,变化趋势表现为草地>耕地>柠条地>弃耕地。土壤易氧化有机碳含量占有机碳的比例范围为13.7%~43.1%,大小排序为柠条地>耕地>草地>弃耕地;土壤可溶性有机碳含量占有机碳的比例范围为0.11%~0.48%,比例大小为耕地>草地>柠条地>弃耕地,耕地和草地中土壤可溶性有机碳含量占有机碳比例随着土壤深度的增加而减小,这与有机碳在耕地和草地中变化趋势一致。土地利用变化可以显著影响土壤活性有机碳的含量与分布,能够敏感的反映土壤碳库的变化,可以作为评价宁夏荒漠草原土壤质量和肥力的指标之一。  相似文献   

高浓度细胞分裂素诱导棉花悬浮细胞程序性死亡   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

夏启中张明菊  张献龙郭小平 《华中农业大学学报》2005,24(4):334-338

棉花悬浮细胞经高浓度细胞分裂素（2mg／L KT或4mg／L KT）处理后第4天大量死亡，培养物呈褐黑色；抽提总DNA，进行琼脂糖胶电泳，结果表明：2mg／L KT和4mg／L KT两处理中有明显的大小为140～180bp及其倍增量片段的DNA“梯”。进行PI和FDA染色显微观察可以看到：2mg／L KT处理中大部分细胞的细胞核较小，核质浓缩，呈棒形或弯月形；胞质浓缩，出现了不对称的质壁分离，且丧失了FDA染色活性。这些结果表明，由高浓度细胞分裂素处理引起的棉花悬浮细胞大规模死亡是一种细胞程序性死亡（PCD）。不同的生理状态（UCSA和BAE）和不同生长时期（指数增长期和静止期）的棉花悬浮细胞对高浓度细胞分裂素的诱导反应存在差异。  相似文献   

净化SO_2气体的固定化微生物性能研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

武淑文  杨迎冬  黄兵 《安徽农业科学》2011,39(20):12284-12285

利用SO2气体对某污水处理厂氧化沟采集的微生物进行诱导驯化,得到以氧化亚铁硫杆菌为优势菌的脱硫菌,研究了该固定化微生物脱硫菌在不同环境条件下的性能。结果表明,固定化后的微生物对热、pH等的稳定性提高,对金属等有毒物质的毒性抵抗力增强。  相似文献   

不同剂量药剂防治山楂梨小食心虫的综合效益评价     

张坤朋  王相宏  李建华  王景顺 《河南农业科学》2016,(8)

为有效防治山楂梨小食心虫,选用20%氰戊马拉松乳油(A1)、20%毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂(A2)和10%阿维除虫脲乳油(A3)3种有代表性的农药,分别配以3种剂量即400倍液(B1)、800倍液(B2)和1 200倍液(B3),进行药剂喷施试验,以清水处理(B4)为对照,以好果率、好果产量、收入和净增纯收益4个农艺、经济指标为评价因素,对药剂防治综合经济效益进行同异分析。方差分析结果表明,3种药剂中,A2、A3防治效果(好果率)均较好,分别达到89.99%和89.94%;3种剂量之间无显著差异,防治效果在92.50%~95.83%。对好果率、好果产量、收入和净增纯收益4个因素的同异分析结果表明,A2B1综合效果最好,达到优良水平,其后依次为A2B2、A3B2、A3B3、A2B3、A3B1和A1B1,达到较好水平,以上7个处理的净增纯收益在8 626.5~13 615.5元/hm2。  相似文献   

Phosphorus Response and Fertilizer Recommendations for Wheat Grown on Nitisols in the Central Ethiopian Highlands     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(19):2411-2424

The provision of farmers with proper and balanced fertilizer recommendations is becoming increasingly important, for reasons of crop productivity, food security, and sustainability. Phosphorus (P) response trials with wheat were conducted on Nitisols at 14 sites in the central Ethiopian highlands during the 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons. The treatments, comprising six levels of P fertilizer (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 kg P ha^?1), were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Based on a yield difference between the control and the P treatments, 90% of sites responded to P fertilizer. Application of P fertilizer increased wheat grain yield, up to 30% more than the control. Extractable soil P concentrations (Bray 2, 0–15 cm deep) 3 weeks after planting significantly responded to P fertilizer rate. The critical P concentration (for 90% relative yield) was 13.5 mg kg^?1. Most sites tested had Bray 2 P values <10 mg kg^?1. In the absence of a soil test, a recommendation of 40 kg P ha^?1, resulting in the best response overall, could be made for the first year of application. We also recommend that to prevent a potential loss of wheat yield, a maintenance application of at least 5–12 kg P ha^?1 be applied every year, irrespective of the calculated recommended rate, in order to replace P exported from the field in produce. Further field trials are required to determine interactions between P response and the effects of climate, soil properties, and other management practices.  相似文献   

Excess trace metal effects on cotton: 4. Chromium and lithium in Yolo loam soil     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):645-651

Abstract

Two cultivars of cotton (Gossypium spp) were grown in Yolo loam soil in a glasshouse to determine phytotoxicity effects of Cr and Li and possible interactions with other metals. The Cr at 100 μg/g soil had no adverse effects on either cultivar studied. A Cr increase was not observed in either stems or leaves. Both cultivars tolerated 25 and 50 μg Li/g soil. The 50 μg Li/g soil resulted in leaves of Acala SJ‐2 with 432 μg Li/g leaves and 720 in Giza 45. The 100 μg Li/g soil resulted in 74% and 87% leaf yield reductions in Acala SJ‐2 and Giza 45 respectively. Leaf concentrations of Li respectively were 1950 and 1850 μg/g. Except at the highest level of Li, leaves had higher concentrations of Li than did roots. The Cr and Li resulted in some plant metal interactions.  相似文献   

Is Discrimination of 13C in Potato Leaflets and Tubers an Appropriate Trait to Describe Genotype Responses to Restrictive and Well‐Watered Conditions?          下载免费PDF全文

D. A. Ramírez  J. L. Rolando  W. Yactayo  P. Monneveux  R. Quiroz 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(6):410-418

Selection for drought tolerance entails prioritizing plant traits that integrate critical physiological processes occurring during crop growth. Discrimination against ¹³C (?) in leaflets (?_leaflet) and tubers (?_tuber) was compared under two water regimes in two potato‐improved varieties selected to maintain yield under drought conditions (Unica and Sarnav) and one drought susceptible European cultivar (Désirée). In the control treatment, soil water content was kept at field capacity over the whole growth cycle, while in the drought treatment water supply was restricted after tuber initiation (50 % of field capacity). Gas exchange and N content per unit leaf area (N_area) as well as ? were assessed at different stages. Sarnav showed the highest tuber yield in both water conditions, suggesting that yield in the water restriction treatment was largely driven by yield potential in this genotype. Higher stomatal conductance (g_s) and N_area and lower ?_leaflet in well‐watered Sarnav suggested higher photosynthetic capacity. Under water restriction, Sarnav maintained higher g_s indicating that carbon diffusion was a key factor for biomass accumulation under water restriction. Our results suggest the use of ? determined after tuber initiation as an indirect selection indicator for tuber yield under both well‐watered and restricted soil water availability conditions.  相似文献   

广东三岭山森林公园主要人工林碳汇功能及其经济价值评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李碧霞  区余端 《桉树科技》2015,(4):15-20

本文以广东三岭山森林公园的马尾松、尾叶桉、大叶相思人工林为研究对象，研究对比它们的碳储量和碳汇经济价值，为评价广东的3个优势造林树种的碳汇能力及为广东的造林选择提供依据。结果表明：3种人工林树种单位碳储量由大到小排列次序为：尾叶桉(166.89 t·hm-2)＞大叶相思(128.72 t·hm-2)＞马尾松(70.12 t·hm-2)。3种人工林平均碳汇经济价值按大小排列次序为：尾叶桉(45611.04元·hm-2)＞大叶相思(35179.18元·hm-2)＞马尾松(19163.80元·hm-2)。尾叶桉是这3种人工林中碳储量的主要部分，对广东三岭森林公园发挥着巨大的碳汇功能并具有强大的碳汇经济价值。因此，可以考虑在广东省碳汇造林时选择尾叶桉种植。  相似文献