Over-processed meat and bone meal and phytase effects on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: Part 2. Inositol phosphate esters hydrolysis,intestinal permeability,hematology, jejunal gene expression and intestinal morphology     

Holy K. Zanu  Sarbast K. Kheravii  Natalie K. Morgan  Michael R. Bedford  Robert A. Swick 《动物营养（英文）》2020,6(4):488-498

This study investigated the hypothesis that feeding broilers over-processed meat and bone meal (MBM) would impair gut health in the absence of phytase and in turn, affect inositol phosphate (inositol x-phosphate, IPx: IP3, IP4, IP5 and IP6) ester hydrolysis, intestinal permeability, hematology, jejunal gene expression and intestinal morphology during necrotic enteritis (NE). Ross 308 male broilers (n = 768) were assigned to one of 8 dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, with 6 replicate pens per diet and 16 birds per pen in a completely randomized design. Factors were: NE challenge (no or yes), phytase level (500 or 5,000 FTU/kg) and MBM processing (as-received or over-processed). For the NE challenge, half of the birds were challenged with field strains of Eimeria spp. on d 9 and 10⁸ CFU/mL of Clostridium perfringens strain EHE-NE18 on d 14 and 15. A 3-way challenge, phytase and MBM processing interaction was detected for IP5 (P < 0.05) and IP6 (P < 0.05) levels in the ileum. Birds fed low phytase had increased IP5 and IP6 in unchallenged birds only when diets contained over-processed MBM. Challenge with NE increased intestinal permeability as measured by serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d; P < 0.001), increased white blood cells (WBC; P < 0.001), decreased mean corpuscular volume (MCV; P < 0.001) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH; P < 0.05), and decreased crypt-to-villi ratio (P < 0.05). The over-processed MBM reduced the villi-to-crypt ratio (P < 0.05). A 3-way challenge × phytase × MBM processing interaction was detected for mucin 2 (MUC-2) expression (P < 0.05) where only in unchallenged birds fed over-processed MBM did high phytase reduce MUC-2 expression. A lower expression of aminopeptidase N (APN; P < 0.001) and vitamin D receptor (VDR; P < 0.001) were recorded in NE challenged birds. In conclusion, NE has a negative impact on the gut and hematology of broilers, but its effect on phytate hydrolysis is minimal.  相似文献   

Duck enteritis virus infection suppresses viability and induces apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in duck embryo fibroblast cells via the regulation of Ca2+     

Yangzi ZHANG  Xuan WANG  Andong HU  Yutong WU  Piao ZHANG  Xia YANG  Zhengchang WEN  Ming WEN 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(3):549

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表达红色荧光蛋白的重组鸭肠炎病毒的构建及鉴定     

苗清新  宋亚芬  王静文  张兵  张敏 《中国兽药杂志》2021,55(10):7-13

鸭肠炎病毒(Duck enteritis virus, DEV),又称为鸭瘟病毒,是一种只感染雁形目禽类的疱疹病毒。DEV具有基因组大、非必需基因多、能插入外源基因的容量大、遗传稳定等优点,其庞大而复杂的基因组为外源基因提供了诸多可插入位点,以DEV为载体,成功表达了禽流感病毒HA蛋白_^[1]、鸭病毒性肝炎病毒VP0蛋白_^[2]、鸭坦布苏病毒E基因_^[3]以及鹅细小病毒VP2蛋白_^[4]。构建重组DEV的重要一步是将报告基因插入到基因组中,目前常用的报告基因有绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)、增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)、红色荧光蛋白(RFP)以及LacZ报告基团。本研究用RFP报告基团插入DEV UL2基因中,获得表达红色荧光的重组病毒,一步生长曲线表明,RFP对DEV的生长无影响;连续传代12代,RFP能够稳定表达,为DEV载体研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

影响鸡坏死性肠炎病例复制的关键因素     

袁伟康  戚南山  廖申权  Mudassar Mohiuddin  李跃龙  吕敏娜  吴彩艳  李娟  林栩慧  蔡海明  胡俊菁  于林增  肖文婉  张健騑  曹正  孙芸芸  孙铭飞  顾有方 《中国兽医学报》2021,(1):186-191

坏死性肠炎(necrotic enteritis,NE)是家禽中最重要的肠道疫病之一,呈世界性流行,严重危害养鸡业发展。人工复制鸡坏死性肠炎病例是研究该病发病机制及筛选有效药物的重要手段,然而在实际试验过程中,通常受实验动物、感染菌株、诱导病原等多方面因素影响而难以成功复制病例。鉴于此,现综述了影响鸡坏死性肠炎病例成功复制的关键因素,包括攻毒使用的实验动物、菌株毒素、菌株培养条件、诱导病因等,同时探讨了如何通过调整这些因素来改善人工复制鸡坏死性肠炎病例的严重程度,分析了鸡坏死性肠炎病例的病变评分系统,以期为鸡坏死性肠炎的实验室研究及综合防控提供理论基础。  相似文献   

鸭肠炎病毒感染鸭肝脏组织miRNA表达谱差异分析     

曾茂芹  刘妍罕  张黔东  毕文文  叶泥  王艺舟  杨颖  程振涛  文明 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(11):4170-4181

为探究鸭感染鸭肠炎病毒（Duck enteritis virus,DEV）后肝脏miRNA表达谱的差异,试验以DEV-GZ株经腿部肌肉接种30日龄麻鸭,于感染后66、90和114 h采集鸭肝脏组织样本,提取组织总RNA,经质检合格后,采用高通量测序技术对对照组和试验组样品进行miRNA测序,筛选出DEV感染鸭肝脏组织的差异表达miRNA,对其进行生物信息学GO功能分类和KEGG信号通路分析,并随机选取部分差异表达miRNA进行实时荧光定量PCR验证。结果显示,鸭感染DEV后66、90和114 h,肝脏组织差异表达miRNAs数量分别为227、225和231个。GO功能注释显示,感染鸭肝脏差异表达miRNA在生物过程分类中主要为细胞过程、单有机体过程和代谢过程类别;在细胞成分分类中主要是细胞、细胞部分和细胞器类别;在分子功能分类中主要是绑定分子功能和催化活性功能类别。KEGG通路富集显示,差异表达miRNA主要涉及PI3K-Akt、JAK-STAT、磷脂酰肌醇信号通路系统、ECM-受体相互作用、MAPK、Wnt、Toll样受体、IL-17、脂质代谢、钙离子信号通路和cAMP等信号通路,其中感染66 h差异表达miRNA主要在生物系统及神经系统中发挥作用;感染90 h主要在内分泌系统及消化系统中发挥作用;感染114 h主要在全身生物、免疫和消化系统等中发挥作用。选取10个差异表达miRNAs进行实时荧光定量PCR验证,结果与高通量测序结果一致。表明DEV感染对鸭肝脏组织miRNA表达具有显著影响,为从宿主miRNA角度揭示DEV致病机制提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 improves performance and gut function in broilers fed different levels of protein and/or under necrotic enteritis challenge     

Kosar Gharib-Naseri  Juliano C.P. Dorigam  Kiran Doranalli  Natalie Morgan  Robert A. Swick  Mingan Choct  Shu-Biao Wu 《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(1):185

Two studies were conducted to investigate the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 (BA) as a probiotic on growth performance, amino acid digestibility and bacteria population in broiler chickens under a subclinical necrotic enteritis (NE) challenge and/or fed diets with different levels of crude protein (CP). Both studies consisted of a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 480 Ross 308 mix-sexed broiler chickens. In study 1, treatments included 1) NE challenge (+/−), and 2) BA (1.0 × 10⁶ CFU/g of feed) supplementation (+/−). In study 2, all birds were under NE challenge, and treatments were 1) CP level (Standard/Reduced [2% less than standard]) and 2) BA (1.0 × 10⁶ CFU/g of feed) supplementation (+/−). After inducing NE infection, blood samples were taken on d 16 for uric acid evaluation, and cecal samples were collected for bacterial enumeration. In both studies, ileal digesta was collected on d 35 for nutrient digestibility evaluation. In study 1, the NE challenge reduced body weight gain (BWG), supressed feed conversion ratio (FCR) and serum uric acid levels (P < 0.001). Supplementation of BA increased BWG (P < 0.001) and reduced FCR (P = 0.043) across dietary treatments, regardless of challenge. Bacillus (P = 0.030) and Ruminococcus (P = 0.029) genomic DNA copy numbers and concentration of butyrate (P = 0.017) were higher in birds fed the diets supplemented with BA. In study 2, reduced protein (RCP) diets decreased BWG (P = 0.010) and uric acid levels in serum (P < 0.001). Supplementation of BA improved BWG (P = 0.001) and FCR (P = 0.005) and increased Ruminococcus numbers (P = 0.018) and butyrate concentration (P = 0.033) in the ceca, regardless of dietary CP level. Further, addition of BA reduced Clostridium perfringens numbers only in birds fed with RCP diets (P = 0.039). At d 35, BA supplemented diets showed higher apparent ileal digestibility of cystine (P = 0.013), valine (P = 0.020), and lysine (P = 0.014). In conclusion, this study suggests positive effects of BA supplementation in broiler diets via modulating gut microflora and improving nutrient uptake.  相似文献   

鸭病毒性肠炎病毒CH强毒株在鸭胚成纤维细胞中形态发生学的研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

郭宇飞  程安春  汪铭书  周毅  袁桂萍 《畜牧兽医学报》2006,37(3):274-280

采用超薄切片和透射电子显微镜技术对鸭病毒性肠炎病毒CH强毒株（DEV-CHv）在鸭胚成纤维细胞（DEF）中的形态发生学进行了研究。结果表明，DEV-CHv吸附到DEF细胞上以后通过囊膜和细胞膜间发生融合的方式侵入宿主细胞；病毒在细胞核内完成病毒核酸的生成、核酸与衣壳的装配；病毒核衣壳通过核膜-内质网膜系统从细胞核转运到内质网池中并在内质网池中得到皮层结构；获得了皮层的DEV-CHv核衣壳通过出芽方式释放到细胞空泡内得到囊膜结构后成为成熟病毒；细胞空泡内的成熟DEV-CHv可通过细胞的胞吐作用被释放到细胞外，或在空泡破裂时被释放到细胞外。  相似文献   

波斯猫传染性肠炎的病理学观察及输血疗法     

郑红华  郑星道 《经济动物学报》2000,4(3):53-56

对 2 5例自然发病的波斯猫传染性肠炎进行了病理学检查 ,提供了具有诊断意义的病理变化 ,同时对 2 6例患有传染性肠炎的病波斯猫 ,采用康复血静脉输血和母体供血均疗效显著  相似文献   

毛皮动物用转移因子的研究与应用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘润珍  李世雄 《黑龙江畜牧兽医》1996,(8):4-6

在人医转移因子研究的基础上，进行了猪脾细胞特异性转移因子的研究。经测定核糖含量７２０μｇ／单位，多肽含量〉３００μｇ／单位，理化指数达到了人医转移因子的标准。经一系列化及体内外实验证明，该制剂可以提高小白鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能和Ｅ玫瑰花形成率。通过药理，毒理实验，证明了该药无毒副作用，临床应用犬等毛皮动物的细小病毒肠炎和犬瘟热病治疗效果显著。  相似文献   

雏鹅新型病毒性肠炎病毒对鸭胚成纤维细胞的适应性及增殖特性     

陈舜程安春  汪铭书陈孝跃 《中国兽医科技》2006,36(11):885-889

为了获得适宜雏鹅新型病毒性肠炎病毒（NGVEV）体外培养的细胞系，开展了NGVEV强毒株在鸭胚成纤维细胞（DEF）适应性和增殖特性的研究。结果表明，NGVEV强毒株经尿囊腔接种10日龄鸭胚传4代，取尿囊液接种DEF，第1代无明显细胞病变；第2代培养至72～96hDEF出现颗粒状缺失、脱落，但无典型蚀斑出现；第3代培养至96～120h，DEF形成大小不等、圆形或椭圆形的典型蚀斑；第5代以后的NGVEV可稳定适应于DEF，典型细胞病变出现于48～72h。取适应DEF的NGVEV感染DEF细胞后制作超薄切片经电镜观察，可见典型的腺病毒粒子，大小为70～90nm。NGVEV在DEF上的TCID5。值随着传代次数增加而增高，由第1代的10^1.23增加到第8代的10^8.02，最高毒价出现于96～144h，96～120h是收获病毒的最佳时间。  相似文献