Methyl donors dietary supplementation to gestating sows diet improves the growth rate of offspring and is associating with changes in expression and DNA methylation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 gene          下载免费PDF全文

Yang Zhao  Yuedong Xuan  Daolin Mou  Hong Liu  Pan Zhou  Zhengfeng Fang  Lianqiang Che  Shengyu Xu  Bin Feng  Jian Li  Xuemei Jiang  Yan Lin  De Wu 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(5):1340-1350

The study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal dietary methyl donors on the performance of sows and their offspring, and the associated hepatic insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) expression of the offspring. A total of 24 multiparous sows were randomly fed the control (CON) or the CON diet supplemented with methyl donors (MD) at 3 g/kg betaine, 15 mg/kg folic acid, 400 mg/kg choline and 150 μg/kg VB₁₂, from mating until delivery. After farrowing, sows were fed a common lactation diet through a 28‐days lactation period and six litters per treatment were selected to be fed until at approximately 110 kg BW. Maternal MD supplementation resulted in greater birthweight (p < 0.05) and increased the piglet weights (p < 0.01) and litter weights (p < 0.05) at the age of day 28, compared with that in CON group. The offspring pigs in the MD group had greater ADG (p < 0.05) and tended to lower F:G ratio (p = 0.07) compared with that of CON group from day 28 to 180 of age. The offspring pigs from MD group had greater serum IGF‐1 concentrations and expressions of hepatic IGF‐1 gene and muscular IGF‐1 receptor (IGF‐1r) protein at birth (p < 0.05), and greater hepatic IGF‐1 protein (p = 0.03) and muscular IGF‐1r gene expressions (p < 0.05) at slaughter, than that from the CON group. Moreover, the methylation at the promoter of IGF‐1 gene in the liver of newborn piglets and finishing pigs was greater in the MD group than that of the CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, maternal MD supplementation throughout gestation could enhance the birthweight and postnatal growth rate of offspring, associated with an increased expression of the IGF‐1 gene and IGF‐1r, as well as the altered DNA methylation of IGF‐1 gene promotor.  相似文献   

Colour Flow Mapping examination: An useful screening test for the early diagnosis of ductus venosus patency in canine newborns          下载免费PDF全文

Monica Melandri  Gabriele Barella  Giulio Aiudi  Giovanni Michele Lacalandra  Salvatore Alonge 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(5):1130-1135

Ductus venosus (DV) closure plays a key role in hepatic circulation adaptation to postnatal metabolic function, and DV patency might develop a congenital portosystemic shunt (CPSS). The noninvasive Color Flow Mapping (CFM) examination, a validated method to diagnose CPSS in adult dogs, is routinely performed to assess DV closure after birth in humans. This study aimed to describe the feasibility of the ultrasonographic evaluation of the DV after birth and to determine its closure time in healthy Great Dane neonates. Patency of DV in serial Color Flow Mapping (CFM) examinations and bodyweight (BW) were recorded on Days 0‐3‐6‐9 in 24 neonates that were classified as having patent (PDV) or closed ductusvenosus (CDV) basing on CFM signal presence/absence. Since the 3rd day, DV diameter was recorded. Data were analysed by ANOVA (p < 0.05). All dogs resulted healthy 1 year later. The number of PDV and CDV puppies at birth was not different on Day 3 (24 and 0 vs. 22 and 2, PDV and CDV, respectively), whereas it resulted different on Days 6 (24 and 0 vs. 14 and 10) and 9 (24 and 0 vs. 0 and 24); on Day 3, it was different compared to Days 6 and 9; on Day 6, it was different from Day 9. Reduction of DV diameter resulted positively related to neonatal BW growth. The CFM evaluation of DV closure after birth in Great Dane puppies represents a feasible technique. Present results suggest the time of functional closure in normal neonates within 9 days after birth. Thus, CFM examination, as an early screening test for DV patency evaluation, performed 10 days after birth, may identify suspicious dogs at risk that would require further investigations. Further studies are needed to deepen the role of a delayed closure in low bodyweight and preterm puppies.  相似文献   

Biochar Mitigates Salinity Stress in Potato          下载免费PDF全文

S. S. Akhtar  M. N. Andersen  F. Liu 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(5):368-378

A pot experiment was conducted in a climate‐controlled greenhouse to investigate the growth, physiology and yield of potato in response to salinity stress under biochar amendment. It was hypothesized that addition of biochar may improve plant growth and yield by mitigating the negative effect of salinity through its high sorption ability. From tuber bulking to harvesting, the plants were exposed to three saline irrigations, that is 0, 25 and 50 mm NaCl solutions, respectively, and two levels of biochar (0 % and 5 % W/W) treatments. An adsorption study was also conducted to study the Na⁺ adsorption capability of biochar. Results indicated that biochar was capable to ameliorate salinity stress by adsorbing Na⁺. Increasing salinity level resulted in significant reductions of shoot biomass, root length and volume, tuber yield, photosynthetic rate (A_n), stomatal conductance (g_s), midday leaf water potential, but increased abscisic acid (ABA) concentration in both leaf and xylem sap. At each salinity level, incorporation of biochar increased shoot biomass, root length and volume, tuber yield, A_n, g_s, midday leaf water potential, and decreased ABA concentration in the leaf and xylem sap as compared with the respective non‐biochar control. Decreased Na⁺, Na⁺/K⁺ ratio and increased K⁺ content in xylem with biochar amendment also indicated its ameliorative effects on potato plants in response to salinity stress. The results suggested that incorporation of biochar might be a promising approach for enhancing crop productivity in salt‐affected soils.  相似文献   

Effect of Human Menopausal Gonadotropin,17β-estradiol and Epidermal Growth Factor on the Quality of in vitro Maturation Bovine Oocytes     

TANG Shuang  AN Wen-zhong  JIANG Xin-long  LI Xiang-chen 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(6):1585-1590

For optimizing in vitro maturation system of bovine oocytes,we firstly examined the influence of four different hormonal regimes(FSH+LH,HMG,FSH+LH+E₂ and HMG+E₂) on oocyte maturation rates.Then we studied the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the above defined medium on bovine oocyte maturation,in vitro development and quality of parthenogenetic embryos.The cell apoptotic index of parthenogenetic blastocysts was detected by TUNEL.No significant difference was observed in maturation rates in four groups supplemented with different hormones.However,human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) provided steady maturation results in replicates.Maturation of oocytes was promoted by supplementation with 17β-estradiol (E₂).Combination of HMG and E₂ gave rise to steady and efficient mature results.The presence of EGF at 30 ng/mL concentration significantly increased maturation rate and blastocyst rate and reduced apoptotic cells in parthenogenetic blastocysts.Therefore,the optimal oocyte maturation solution could be supplemented with 0.075 IU/mL HMG,1 μg/mL E₂ and 30 ng/mL EGF.  相似文献   

Ecological consequences of variation in standard metabolism and dominance among salmon parr     

John D. Armstrong  Karen J. Millidine  Neil B. Metcalfe 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2011,20(3):371-376

Abstract – Standard metabolic rate (SMR, closely related to basal and resting metabolism) varies by up to threefold among juvenile Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., of similar size at common temperature. Here, consequences of this variation are predicted by combining empirically derived relationships between SMR, specific dynamic action, energy budgets, water velocity, food level in the environment and food availability to fish. The range of velocities across which growth is predicted to occur is inversely related to a fish’s SMR. Growth is positively related to SMR at high but negatively related to it at low‐food levels. The relationship between food level and the range of velocities over which lower SMR fish can grow but higher SMR fish cannot is asymmetrically bi‐phasic and peaked. It is predicted that maternal manipulation of offspring SMR would generate fitness benefits through bet‐hedging against unpredictability in food level and increases in the overall range of velocities that the family of offspring can occupy and thrive in.  相似文献   

铺地竹叶片对结球生菜种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响     

章骏  汤锋  唐俊 《湖北农业科学》2011,(20):4209-4212

采用基质盆栽试验,研究了铺地竹(Sasa argenteastriatus E.G.Camus)叶片对结球生菜(Lactucasativa L.var.capitata L.)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,结果表明,铺地竹叶片粉末对结球生菜种子的萌发和幼根生长具有一定的抑制作用,随着浓度的增加抑制作用增强,在50～200 g/m2的范围内,幼根抑制率为12.15%～28.91%。在50～100 g/m2的用量下,铺地竹叶片对结球生菜苗长表现为促进生长作用,而在200 g/m2时,则表现为抑制生长作用。施用铺地竹叶片后3 d、6 d、9 d和12 d,结球生菜幼苗的叶绿素含量特别是叶绿素a的含量显著减少,随着基质中叶片粉末浓度的增加,结球生菜叶绿素含量降低,叶绿素a含量高低依次为对照、低浓度处理、中浓度处理、高浓度处理。随着处理后时间的延长,竹叶对结球生菜叶片叶绿素a含量的影响减弱。这个结果进一步验证了自然条件下铺地竹叶片对植物生长的化感效应,说明其具有开发植物源除草剂的潜力,为研究铺地竹叶片中的化感物质提供了佐证。  相似文献   

穴盘规格对5种苔草属植物育苗的影响     

梁芳  董爱香  李子敬  辛海波  赵正楠 《草业科学》2015,32(10):1625-1630

穴盘育苗是苔草繁育的重要技术环节。为加快苔草的繁育速度,采用不同规格穴盘播种以研究青绿苔草(Carex breviculmis)、涝峪苔草(C.giraldiana)、披针苔草(C.lanceolata)、矮丛苔草(C.humilis var.nana)、脚苔草(C.pediformis)的适宜播种穴盘孔数对5种苔草出苗和幼苗生长的影响。通过对各种苔草的开始发芽时间、持续发芽时间、发芽率和幼苗的株高、叶数、单株鲜重等生长指标的分析,结果表明,6月温室穴盘播种育苗,青绿苔草、涝峪苔草穴盘育苗128孔或105孔穴盘较为适宜;披针苔草穴盘育苗宜采用105孔穴盘;矮丛苔草、脚苔草穴盘育苗较适宜选择288孔穴盘。  相似文献   

UCP1基因变异与绵羊生长及胴体性状的关联分析     

安清明  周辉通  王星  吴震洋  罗玉柱  Jon G. Hickford 《中国畜牧兽医》2019,46(11):3289-3298

试验旨在探讨解耦联蛋白1（UCP1）基因核苷酸变异对绵羊生长性状的性别差异和胴体性状的影响，以期能够筛选出可以提升绵羊生长及胴体性状的核苷酸变异，为提高绵羊相关重要经济性状的分子遗传标记提供材料。以9个绵羊品种为研究对象，用PCR-SSCP方法检测不同性别绵羊中UCP1基因内含子5区和外显子6区变异。利用Minitab 16.0软件中一般线性模型分析内含子5区等位基因与不同性别绵羊生长性状、公羔胴体性状的关联性。结果显示，绵羊UCP1基因内含子5区和外显子6区共检测到8个核苷酸变异，其中位点c.910 G/A突变导致p.Ala304Thr氨基酸变异。生长性状关联分析结果表明，内含子5区等位基因对绵羊生长性状的影响存在性别特异性，母羔中携带等位基因A₁的群体较缺失群体具有较低的初生重（P<0.05），公羔中携带等位基因C₁的群体较缺失群体具有较高的断尾重（P<0.05），未发现其他等位基因与羔羊的生长性状存在性别特异性。胴体性状关联分析结果表明，携带等位基因A₁的群体具有较低后腿瘦肉量、腰部瘦肉量和较高的肩部瘦肉比例（P<0.05），携带等位基因C₁的群体具有较低的后腿瘦肉比例（P<0.05），其他胴体性状均没有发现与等位基因存在显著相关，基因型分析结果与等位基因分析结果一致。结果提示，UCP1基因对绵羊的生长性状影响具有性别特异性，且携带等位基因A₁的公羔群体具有较低的胴体生产性状，为提高公羔胴体生产性能提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

Effects of Medium-chain Triglyceride on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Indices in Broilers     

HUANG Deng-gui  LIAO Wen-de  WEN Yuan-kun  ZHUANG Yue-feng  LIU Guo-qiang  HUANG Xiao-liang  HUANG Guan-qing 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(7):1761-1765

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of medium-chain triglyceride replacing the soybean oil in the basal diet on growth performance and serum biochemical indices of broilers.One hundred and forty four healthy,similar body weights AA broilers at the age of 14 days were randomly assigned to four groups with six replicates ger group and six broilers per replicate.Groups A,B,C and D were respectively fed with 0,0.6%,1.2% and 2% medium-chain triglyceride substituted the equivalent amount of soybean oil (using corn flour to balance the energy levels in each group) .The test lasted for 28 days and the indexes were measured once every two weeks.The results showed that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of groups B,C and D were higher than that of group A,and the F/G was lower than group A.The average daily gain of groups C and D at 28 to 42 days old and group D at 14 to 42 days old were significantly higher than that of group A (P < 0.05).The serum glucose,total content of amino acid,total protein and albumin of groups B,C and D at age of 28 and 42 days old were higher than that of group A,while the serum triglyceride,total cholesterol and urea nitrogen levels were lower.The total cholesterol content at 42 days old and triglyceride concentrations at 28 days old of group C were significantly lower than those of group A (P < 0.05).The results indicated that medium-chain triglyceride could raise average daily gain and reduce the total cholesterol content and triglyceride concentrations of broilers,which were useful for improving the growth performance.  相似文献   

秃杉人工林施肥效应试验初报     

岳元彦 《林业调查规划》2014,(2):117-120

采用不同肥料种类和施肥剂量对秃杉人工林进行施肥对比试验。观测胸径、树高和蓄积生长量,分析不同肥料种类和施肥剂量对秃杉人工幼龄林高、粗和蓄积生长量的效应。试验结果表明,合理的施肥措施对秃杉人工林生长有明显促进作用,与对照相比,年高生长增加34%,粗生长增加26%,蓄积生长增加35%。  相似文献