Polyglandular deficiency syndrome in a boxer dog: Thyroid hormone and glucocorticoid deficiency     

H.S. Kooistra  A. Rijnberk  Th.S.G.A.M. van den Ingh 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(2):59-63

Summary

Primary hypothyroidism and partial primary adrenocortical deficiency (isolated glucocorticoid deficiency) were diagnosed in an 8‐year‐old spayed female boxer dog, presented because of progressive symmetrical truncal alopecia, lethargy, and intolerance to cold. The diagnosis was based upon the combination of low, non‐TSH‐responsive concentrations of plasma thyroxine and low urinary excretion of corticoids together with high plasma concentrations of ACTH. Normal suppressibility of ACTH concentrations by a low dose of dexamethasone indicated an intact feedback system. Plasma growth hormone levels were elevated, most probably because somatostatin release was depressed by the glucocorticoid deficiency.

The dog improved during oral replacement therapy with thyroxine until death ensued after 9 months as a result of intercurrent disease. Autopsy revealed thyroid atrophy and lymphocytic adrenalitis with complete destruction of the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex.

The combination of primary hypothyroidism and primary adrenocortical deficiency in this dog is identical to the entity known as type II polyglandular autoimmunity or Schmidt's syndrome in humans. The adrenocortical insufficiency remained confined to glucocorticoid deficiency during the observation period; on no occasion did electrolyte concentrations in the plasma reach values suggestive of mineralocorticoid deficiency.  相似文献   

Bioactive Compounds from the Red Sea Marine Sponge Hyrtios Species     

Diaa T. A. Youssef  Lamiaa A. Shaala  Hani Z. Asfour 《Marine drugs》2013,11(4):1061-1070

In continuation of our search for drug leads from Red Sea sponges we have investigated the ethyl acetate fraction of the organic extract of the Red Sea sponge Hyrtios species. Bioassay-directed fractionation of the active fraction resulted into the identification of three new alkaloids, hyrtioerectines D–F (1–3). Hyrtioerectines D–F belong to the rare marine alkaloids in which the indole and β-carboline fragments of the molecule are linked through C-3/C-3 of both moieties. The structures of the isolated compounds were established based on different spectroscopic data including UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) and high-resolution mass spectral studies. The antimicrobial activity against several pathogens and the free radical scavenging activity of the compounds using DPPH reagent were evaluated. In addition, the growth inhibitory activity of the compounds against three cancer cell lines was also evaluated. Hyrtioerectines D–F (1–3) displayed variable antimicrobial, free radical scavenging and cancer growth inhibition activities. Generally, compounds 1 and 3 were more active than compound 2.  相似文献   

Effect of ensiling moist field bean (Vicia faba), pea (Pisum sativum) and lupine (Lupinus spp.) grains on the contents of alkaloids,oligosaccharides and tannins     

A. Gefrom  E. M. Ott  S. Hoedtke  A. Zeyner 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2013,97(6):1152-1160

Ensiling legume grain may be an inexpensive and ecologically interesting method to produce a high‐protein feed of local origin. The typically patchy maturation recommends harvesting and ensiling the seeds in moist condition. Developing a method for preserving legume grains harvested before maturation by lactic acid fermentation would have several advantages. Under laboratory conditions, crushed legume seeds of beans, peas and lupines with high moisture content of 35 % were ensiled with different additives (molasses and lactic acid bacteria). To characterize the final silages, contents of proximate nutrients and antinutritional factors (alkaloids, oligosaccharides, tannins) were analysed. The addition of lactic acid bacteria ensured a fast and pronounced lactic acid production and decreased contents of undesired fermentation products like ethanol. An additional use of molasses for ensilage did not provide a remarkable additional benefit. Excluding sugar and starch, the contents of proximate nutrients were not remarkably altered after ensiling. As an overall effect, lactic acid fermentation reduced tannins and oligosaccharides. It can be supposed that the oligosaccharides after breakdown of the complex molecules acted as a source of fermentable carbohydrates. A relevant reduction of alkaloids did not occur. The lactic acid fermentation of legume grains can be recommended as an appropriate method for conservation. With respect to the economic advantages and compared with methods of chemical preservation, the lactic acid fermentation of legume grains under anaerobic conditions is an environmentally compliant procedure and therefore also an option for organic farming.  相似文献   

茶树咖啡碱合成酶基因稀有等位变异TCS1g的筛选、克隆及功能     

刘玉飞  金基强  姚明哲  陈亮 《中国农业科学》2019,52(10):1772-1783

【目的】茶树咖啡碱合成酶1（TCS1）是山茶属（Camellia）茶组植物咖啡碱合成的关键酶,TCS1具有丰富的等位变异。从我国丰富的茶树种质资源中发掘TCS1稀有等位变异并研究其功能,深入解析茶树咖啡碱合成机制,为低咖啡碱育种提供新的基因资源。【方法】利用特异引物TCS1P InDel F/R对673份茶树资源中的TCS1等位变异进行鉴定;使用引物TCS1cDNAF/R,从含有新稀有等位变异的茶树资源中克隆基因的cDNA全长序列;利用生物信息学、实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）和原核表达等方法研究新发现稀有等位基因的功能。【结果】在部分大理茶（C. taliensis）资源中鉴定到一个新的TCS1稀有等位变异,命名为TCS1g。从大理茶资源‘龙陵17’（LL17,含有的TCS1等位变异为TCS1a和TCS1g）中克隆了TCS1g。TCS1g的编码区序列全长为1 098 bp,编码365个氨基酸,编码蛋白的分子量和理论等电点分别为40.9 kD和5.1。序列比对结果表明,TCS1g与TCS1a、TCS1b、TCS1c、TCS1d、TCS1e、TCS1f的相似度在94.1%—99.2%;与具有可可碱合成酶活性（TS）的TCS1b和TCS1c编码蛋白序列相似度均大于96.7%,而与同时具有TS和咖啡碱合成酶（CS）活性的TCS1a、TCS1d、TCS1e、TCS1f相似度都小于95.4%,且TCS1g第221位氨基酸残基与TCS1b、TCS1c同为组氨酸（His）,而TCS1a、TCS1d、TCS1e、TCS1f为精氨酸（Arg）。第221位氨基酸残基位于TCS1g蛋白活性中心,该位点的突变（His突变为Arg）,可以导致TCS1g的等电点（5.05变为5.06）和亲水性（-0.119变为-0.123）发生改变。此外,5′上游调控区域的比对结果显示TCS1g、TCS1b、TCS1c起始密码子（ATG）比TCS1a、TCS1d、TCS1e、TCS1f延后了15 bp。原核表达发现TCS1g具有TS活性,活性为44.3 pkat/mg,但未检测到CS活性。qRT-PCR的结果表明LL17中等位变异TCS1g有表达。LL17的咖啡碱和可可碱的含量分别为40.3 mg·g ^-1和5.4 mg·g ^-1。 【结论】鉴定并克隆了一个新的TCS1稀有等位变异TCS1g,其在LL17中具有一定的表达水平,且其表达蛋白具有TS活性,而未检测到CS活性;推测决定TCS1g仅具有TS活性的关键位点是第221位氨基酸残基。  相似文献   

Anti‐TMV activity and mode of action of three alkaloids isolated from Chelidonium majus     

Wenhui Guo  Xiang Lu  Bin Liu  He Yan  Juntao Feng 《Pest management science》2021,77(1):510-517

  相似文献   

生物碱化学生态学与害虫管理   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨振德  朱麟  赵博光  方杰 《江西农业大学学报》2005,27(4):630-634

生物碱是自然界中分布最广的一类次生代谢产物之一。它可以在正确的时间、正确的位置和正确的浓度出现,以充分发挥其生态防御功能。就生物碱化学生态学的研究概况及其在害虫管理中的应用作一概述。  相似文献   

Marine Indole Alkaloids—Isolation,Structure and Bioactivities     

Yong Hu  Siling Chen  Fang Yang  Shuai Dong 《Marine drugs》2021,19(12)

Indole alkaloids are heterocyclic natural products with extensive pharmacological activities. As an important source of lead compounds, many clinical drugs have been derived from natural indole compounds. Marine indole alkaloids, from unique marine environments with high pressure, high salt and low temperature, exhibit structural diversity with various bioactivities, which attracts the attention of drug researchers. This article is a continuation of the previous two comprehensive reviews and covers the literature on marine indole alkaloids published from 2015 to 2021, with 472 new or structure-revised compounds categorized by sources into marine microorganisms, invertebrates, and plant-derived. The structures and bioactivities demonstrated in this article will benefit the synthesis and pharmacological activity study for marine indole alkaloids on their way to clinical drugs.  相似文献   

Hemimycalins C–E; Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Alkaloids with Hydantoin and 2-Iminoimidazolidin-4-one Backbones from the Red Sea Marine Sponge Hemimycale sp.     

Lamiaa A. Shaala  Diaa T. A. Youssef 《Marine drugs》2021,19(12)

In the course of our continuing efforts to identify bioactive secondary metabolites from Red Sea marine sponges, we have investigated the sponge Hemimycale sp. The cytotoxic fraction of the organic extract of the sponge afforded three new compounds, hemimycalins C–E (1–3). Their structural assignments were obtained via analyses of their one- and two-dimensional NMR spectra and HRESI mass spectrometry. Hemimycalin C was found to differ from the reported hydantoin compounds in the configuration of the olefinic moiety at C-5–C-6, while hemimycalins D and E were found to contain an 2-iminoimidazolidin-4-one moiety instead of the hydantoin moiety in previously reported compounds from the sponge. Hemimycalins C–E showed significant antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans and cytotoxic effects against colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116) and the triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells.  相似文献   

柑橘类生物碱辛弗林的研究进展     

刘伟  袁洪燕  张群  苏东林  单杨 《湖南农业科学》2016,(9):101-106

辛弗林是柑橘中主要活性成分和含量最高的生物碱,具有提高新陈代谢、增加热量消耗、提高能量水平、氧化脂肪、减肥的功效,已广泛应用于医药、食品、饮料等保健品行业。主要概述辛弗林的结构及功能特性、提取与分离纯化、检测技术与方法、安全性评价等方面的国内外研究进展,以期为辛弗林的开发利用提供新的思路与理论参考。  相似文献   

Alkaloids with Cardiovascular Effects from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium expansum Y32     

Ya-Qin Fan  Pei-Hai Li  Ya-Xi Chao  Hao Chen  Ning Du  Qiu-Xia He  Ke-Chun Liu 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6489-6504

Three new alkaloids (1, 4 and 8), together with nine known analogues (2, 3, 5–7, and 9–12), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium expansum Y32. Their structures including the absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic and Mosher’s and Marfey’s methods, along with quantum electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Each of the compounds was evaluated for cardiovascular effects in a live zebrafish model. All of the compounds showed a significant mitigative effect on bradycardia caused by astemizole (ASM) in the heart rate experiments. Compounds 4–6 and 8–12 exhibited potent vasculogenetic activity in vasculogenesis experiments. This is the first study to report that these types of compounds show cardiovascular effects in zebrafish. The results suggest that these compounds could be promising candidates for cardiovascular disease lead compounds.  相似文献