甘肃省布氏杆菌病的流行现状及防控展望     

康新华 《畜牧兽医杂志》2019,(1):55-57

布氏杆菌病简称布病,是由布鲁氏杆菌侵入动物机体引起的慢性细菌性人兽共患传染病,该病主要侵害动物机体的生殖器官,严重影响畜牧业发展和食品卫生安全,危害人类健康,阻碍对外贸易。我省长期以来存在较高的布病感染率和流行率,严重阻碍了我省经济发展,本文主要从我省布病的流行概况以及布病防控措施的研究进展做综述,为今后我省布病的防控提供参考。  相似文献   

Prevalence of canine coronavirus (CCoV) in dog in Japan: detection of CCoV RNA and retrospective serological analysis     

Tomomi TAKANO  Saya YAMASHITA  Michiko MURATA-OHKUBO  Kumi SATOH  Tomoyoshi DOKI  Tsutomu HOHDATSU 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(2):341-345

We collected rectal swabs from dogs in Japan during 2011 to 2014, and canine coronavirus (CCoV) nucleocapsid gene was detected by RT-PCR. The relationship between CCoV infection and the manifestation of diarrhea symptoms was investigated, and a correlation was noted (df=1, χ²=8.90, P<0.005). The types of CCoV detected in samples from CCoV-infected dogs were CCoV-I in 88.9% and CCoV-II in 7.4%, respectively. We retrospectively investigated the seroprevalence of CCoV-I in dogs in Japan during 1998 to 2006. The sera were tested with a neutralizing antibody test. In the absence of CCoV-I laboratory strain, we used feline coronavirus (FCoV)-I that shares high sequence homology in the S protein with CCoV-I. 77.7% of the sera were positive for neutralizing anti-FCoV-I antibodies.  相似文献   

Detection of Zoonotic Protozoa Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis suihominis in Wild Boars from Spain          下载免费PDF全文

R. Calero‐Bernal  J. E. Pérez‐Martín  D. Reina  F. J. Serrano  E. Frontera  I. Fuentes  J. P. Dubey 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(5):346-350

Food safety regulations require the control of the presence of protozoa in meats destined for human consumption. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) meat may constitute a source of zoonoses. A 23.8% (688/2881) seroprevalence of anti‐Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and 72.2% (662/910) Sarcocystis sarcocysts prevalence were detected among wild boars hunted in Southwestern areas of Spain. Identity of Sarcocystis spp. was performed by RFLP‐PCR and sequencing, detecting S. miescheriana (7/8) and the zoonotic S. suihominis (1/8). Risk assessment studies of these coccidian in meats destined to human consumption are needed.  相似文献   

Distribution of Salmonella Serovars and Antimicrobial Susceptibility from Poultry and Swine Farms in Central Vietnam          下载免费PDF全文

A. A. Lettini  T. Vo Than  E. Marafin  A. Longo  K. Antonello  P. Zavagnin  L. Barco  M. Mancin  V. Cibin  M. Morini  M. Dang Thi Sao  T. Nguyen Thi  H. Pham Trung  L. Le  T. Nguyen Duc  A. Ricci 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(7):569-576

This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Salmonella spp. and their antimicrobial susceptibilities on poultry and swine farms, sampled in 2 regions in Central Vietnam. A total of 67 poultry farms and 46 swine farms were sampled in a period of 5 months (from September 2012 to January 2013). Salmonella spp. was prevalent in 46.3% and 71.7% of poultry and swine farms, respectively. Altogether, 99 non‐typhoidal Salmonella were isolated and the most common serovars were Salmonella Weltevreden (19%), followed by Salmonella Typhimurium (12%) and Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:‐ (11%). Overall, 71 of 99 (72%) Salmonella isolates were resistant to at least one of the 14 antimicrobial agents tested. Both in poultry and swine farms, high levels of resistance were observed for ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, sulphamethoxazole and tetracycline. The presence of Salmonella isolates from poultry and swine farms which were resistant to different classes of antimicrobials suggests that alternative control measures to antimicrobials should be implemented. Moreover, an effective policy should be promoted to encourage a prudent use of these agents in animal farming in Vietnam.  相似文献   

猪圆环病毒3型感染的流行情况与检测方法研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘颖昳  周智  关婕葳  原霖  侯伯  赵柏林  王传彬  杨林 《畜牧与兽医》2019,(1):114-117

猪圆环病毒3型(porcine circovirus 3,PCV3)是猪群中流行的一种新型猪圆环病毒。2016—2017年,世界范围陆续报道在猪群中发现PCV3,包括美国、中国、美国、韩国、巴西、波兰和意大利等。PCV3感染多见于具有皮炎肾病综合征(PDNS)和繁殖障碍症状的猪群,目前病毒尚未分离成功。本文综述了已报道的PCV3在世界范围内的流行情况,介绍了当前研究的PCV3分子和血清学诊断方法。  相似文献   

Bovine cysticercosis in cattle slaughtered at Awassa municipal abattoir, Ethiopia: prevalence, cyst viability, distribution and its public health implication   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Abunna F  Tilahun G  Megersa B  Regassa A  Kumsa B 《Zoonoses and public health》2008,55(2):82-88

A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2005 to April 2006 on bovine cysticercosis in cattle slaughtered at Awassa municipal abattoir with the objective of determining the prevalence of Taenia saginata cysticercosis, cyst viability, distribution and its public health implication. Questionnaire survey involving 120 respondents was also conducted on human taeniasis. A total of 400 carcasses were examined during the study period, of which 105 (26.25%) were infected with T. saginata metacestodes. From a total of 3200 samples inspected, 500 cysticerci were detected in 141 samples, of which 221 (44.2%) were alive. The anatomical distribution of cysticerci were 65 (29.2%) heart, 56 (25.3%) shoulder muscle, 59 (26.7%) masseter, 23 (10.4%) tongue, 12 (5.4%) diaphragm, three (1.4%) liver, two (0.9%) lung and one (0.5%) kidney samples. The prevalence varied significantly between local and crossbred animals (OR = 3.15, P < 0.05), but not varied between sex, age groups and origin of the animals. T. saginata taeniasis was a widespread public health problem in the town with an overall prevalence of 64.2% (77 of 120). The potential risk factors for disease contraction were raw meat consumption, religion and occupational risks. In conclusion, the study revealed high prevalence of T. saginata metacestodes throughout the edible organs together with existence of deep-rooted tradition of raw meat consumption. This may magnify the public health hazards of T. saginata in the study area. As a result, the disease deserves due attention to safeguard the public health and further promote beef industry in the country.  相似文献   

Frequent human‐poultry interactions and low prevalence of Salmonella in backyard chicken flocks in Massachusetts     

Alyssa McDonagh  Jessica H. Leibler  Jean Mukherjee  Anil Thachil  Laura B. Goodman  Cassidy Riekofski  Amanda Nee  Khrysti Smyth  Janet Forrester  Marieke H. Rosenbaum 《Zoonoses and public health》2019,66(1):92-100

The backyard chicken (BYC) movement in the USA has increased human contact with poultry and subsequently, human contact with the pathogen Salmonella. However, to date, there have been few studies assessing prevalence of Salmonella in backyard flocks, despite the known public health risk this zoonotic bacterium poses. The objective of this study was to characterize human‐BYC interactions and assess the prevalence of Salmonella among BYC flocks. We interviewed 50 BYC owners using a structured questionnaire to determine flock and household characteristics that facilitate contact with BYC and that may be associated with Salmonella in the BYC environment. Composite faecal material, cloacal swabs and dust samples from 53 flocks housed on 50 residential properties in the Greater Boston, Massachusetts area were tested for Salmonella using standard culture techniques and confirmed using Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization‐Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer. Microbroth dilution and whole genome sequencing were used to determine phenotypic and genotypic resistance profiles, respectively, and sequence results were used to determine multilocus sequencing type. No owners self‐reported a diagnosis of salmonellosis in the household. Over 75% of a subset of owners reported that they and their children consider BYC pets. This perception is evident in how owners reported interacting with their birds. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Kentucky ST152 (serogroup C)—a strain not commonly associated with human infection—was confirmed in one flock, or 2% of tested flocks, and demonstrated resistance to tetracycline and streptomycin. We detected Salmonella at low prevalence in BYC. Further study of the health effects of exposure to zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogens such as Salmonella among families with BYC is warranted.  相似文献   

Hepatitis E in southern Vietnam: Seroepidemiology in humans and molecular epidemiology in pigs          下载免费PDF全文

A. Berto  H. A. Pham  T. T. N. Thao  N. H. T. Vy  S. L. Caddy  R. Hiraide  N. T. Tue  I. Goodfellow  J. J. Carrique‐Mas  G. E. Thwaites  S. Baker  M. F. Boni  the VIZIONS consortium 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(1):43-50

Viral pathogens account for a significant proportion of the burden of emerging infectious diseases in humans. The Wellcome Trust‐Vietnamese Initiative on Zoonotic Infections (WT‐VIZIONS) is aiming to understand the circulation of viral zoonotic pathogens in animals that pose a potential risk to human health. Evidence suggests that human exposure and infections with hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes (GT) 3 and 4 results from zoonotic transmission. Hypothesising that HEV GT3 and GT4 are circulating in the Vietnamese pig population and can be transmitted to humans, we aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of HEV exposure in a population of farmers and the general population. We additionally performed sequence analysis of HEV in pig populations in the same region to address knowledge gaps regarding HEV circulation and to evaluate if pigs were a potential source of HEV exposure. We found a high prevalence of HEV GT3 viral RNA in pigs (19.1% in faecal samples and 8.2% in rectal swabs) and a high HEV seroprevalence in pig farmers (16.0%) and a hospital‐attending population (31.7%) in southern Vietnam. The hospital population was recruited as a general‐population proxy even though this particular population subgroup may introduce bias. The detection of HEV RNA in pigs indicates that HEV may be a zoonotic disease risk in this location, although a larger sample size is required to infer an association between HEV positivity in pigs and seroprevalence in humans.  相似文献   

Detection and Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus in Domestic Pigs of Different Ages in Portugal     

Berto A  Mesquita JR  Hakze-van der Honing R  Nascimento MS  van der Poel WH 《Zoonoses and public health》2012,59(7):477-481

This study represents the primary hepatitis E virus (HEV) surveillance in domestic pigs in Portugal, five pig farms were investigated in 5 different Portuguese regions, ten faecal samples were collected at four different stages of the production. All faecal samples were tested for hepatitis E virus by real-time RT-PCR. At least one sample from each farms of all age groups tested positive for HEV. The prevalence in the pig herds varied from 10% to 30% and the mean prevalence was 32% in weaners, 20% in growers, 32% in fatteners and 4% in adult dry sows. Phylogenetic analysis of the detected HEV sequences indicated that the circulating virus strains belong under the genotype 3.  相似文献   

An investigation into the prevalence of Renibacterium salmoninarum in farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), and wild fish populations in selected river catchments in England and Wales between 1998 and 2000     

Chambers E  Gardiner R  Peeler EJ 《Journal of fish diseases》2008,31(2):89-96

A cross-sectional survey of Renibacterium salmoninarum infection in farmed rainbow trout (RBT) and wild fish populations was carried out in 10 farms and six river catchments, respectively, in England and Wales. The majority of the wild fish were sampled in 1998 and the farmed fish in 2000. Grayling, Thymallus thymallus, and brown trout, Salmo trutta, were the main wild species sampled. Two fish, one grayling and one salmon, Salmo salar, were R. salmoninarum culture-positive, compared with 40 confirmed polymerase chain reaction-positive wild fish. The highest prevalence of R. salmoninarum infection was found in grayling in rivers with RBT farms with a history of R. salmoninarum infection. One hundred and fifty fish were sampled from each RBT farm, but none of the fish was found to be R. salmoninarum-positive. Evidence was found, for the first time, for the presence of R. salmoninarum in an eel, Anguilla anguilla.  相似文献