狂犬病病毒野毒株DRV磷蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析     

黄莹  赵云蛟  钱爱东 《经济动物学报》2006,10(1):45-48

通过对狂犬病病毒鹿源(DRV)野毒株总RNA的提取,用RT-PCR方法扩增磷蛋白(NS)基因并与T载体连接、克隆,将其转化到大肠杆菌JM109细胞中,测定NS蛋白基因的序列,与其它已经发表的国际标准株、疫苗株等进行比较,分析其氨基酸的同源性,构建系统进化树,为狂犬病病毒野毒株全基因序列的测定奠定基础。  相似文献   

猪源狂犬病病毒N和G基因的序列分析     

张莹  刘祥茵  罗永文  杨先峰  黄永亮  施赫赫  傅秋玲  阳佑天  吴晓薇  郭霄峰 《华南农业大学学报》2012,33(4):544-549

通过对新分离的猪源狂犬病病毒GD-SH01株N基因和G基因进行序列分析,解析它们与其他狂犬病病毒N和G基因的差异.提取猪源狂犬病病毒GD-SH01株的总RNA,采用RT-PCR的方法扩增N基因和G基因,并与T载体连接,克隆至大肠埃希菌DH5α.测序后与国内外部分毒株的N基因和G基因进行核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列比对.与其他毒株相比,N基因核苷酸相似性为84.3%～98.0%;氨基酸相似性为92.5%～99.3%.G基因核苷酸相似性为80.4%～98.2%;氨基酸相似性为87.8%～99.6%.  相似文献   

Efficient distribution of oral vaccines examined by infrared triggered camera for advancing the control of raccoon dog rabies in South Korea     

Hyun-Kyu CHO  Yoon-Joo SHIN  Nam-Shik SHIN  Joon-Seok CHAE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2020,82(11):1685

The field distribution of the oral rabies vaccine is effective in controlling the spread of rabies. The present study aimed to investigate efficient distribution locations based on the environment, contact rate, and consumption by target wildlife species in South Korea. The target species (Korean raccoon dogs, domestic dogs, and feral cats) accounted for 945 contacts (52.2%), in total 1,808 contacts. There were 863 (47.8%) contacts by non-target species. Raccoon dogs, a main reservoir of rabies in South Korea, had the highest contact rate (34.1%) among all species. The contact rate by target species was highest at riparian sites and bushy mountainous vegetation, where raccoon dogs are abundant. There was remarkable contact by raccoon dogs in mountainous areas below 150 m with bushy vegetation. Our results indicate that these locations are efficient areas for vaccine distribution, especially targeting the raccoon dog. Vaccines were continuously contacted with intervals ranging from one hour to one day. Vaccines at 94.4% of the distribution points were completely consumed within two weeks. The mean consumption rate was 95.2 ± 1.93% during the overall study period. These findings suggest that the oral rabies vaccine attracts wildlife including domestic dogs and feral cats. Our results suggest that low sections of mountainous areas with bushy vegetation and/or neighboring riparian areas are rich in target wildlife species (especially raccoon dogs) and are efficient locations for vaccine distribution to control rabies in South Korea.  相似文献   

Factors associated with rabies vaccination of dog shelter staff in the United States     

Cassie J. Cain  Kimberly A. Woodruff  Christina M. Loftin  David R. Smith 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(6):708-712

US animal shelters house and care for dogs with unknown medical histories. Such unknown medical backgrounds pose concern for zoonotic transmission of diseases to the shelter staff. One important zoonotic exposure is to rabies virus which is almost always fatal after the onset of symptoms. The objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of dog shelters associated with the probability that the shelter had a policy to vaccinate shelter personnel against rabies. Five states with an established shelter registry were selected from each geographic region of the United States. A list of shelters within those states was developed from the registry list, through Internet searches and comparisons with other known lists. At least two forms of direct communication were used to ensure that humane organizations met the study definition of a dog shelter. In total, 342 of 461 (73%) shelters that met the study definition were visited by a team of students. Forty‐two of 332 (13%) shelters responding to the question required staff to be vaccinated against rabies. Logistic regression was utilized to test shelter characteristics for association with the probability that they have a rabies vaccination policy for shelter staff. Municipally funded shelters were more likely to vaccinate staff for rabies than shelters funded privately (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.40–6.39). These results demonstrate that shelter funding source may influence rabies control programmes in shelters.  相似文献   

Ouch! A cross‐sectional study investigating self‐reported human exposure to dog bites in rural and urban households in southern Ontario,Canada     

Danielle A. Julien  Jan M. Sargeant  Catherine Filejski  Sherilee L. Harper 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(5):554-565

This study investigated self‐reported dog bites in humans in rural and urban households in southern Ontario, Canada. Our objectives were to determine, and compare, the incidence of dog bites in rural and urban households, and to describe the profile of bite victims, biting dogs, and the proportion of biting dogs that respondents self‐reported as being not up to date on rabies vaccination. We conducted a cross‐sectional observational study using an online questionnaire. The 2,006 respondents, each representing one household, included 1,002 rural and 1,004 urban residences. The incidence risk of at least one person in the household being bitten over the previous year in rural households (6.09% per year) was less than in urban households (10.76% per year). In 53.20% of households from which at least one person had been bitten within the past year, only a single person had been bitten. Mostly, victims were 25 to 34 years old (21.67%), male (54.19%), and playing with or interacting with the biting dog at the time of the incident (59.11%). Most biting dogs were 3 to 5 years old (32.02%), males (53.69%), and unleashed (76.85%). Based on self‐reporting by respondents, 83.33% of respondent‐owned biting dogs were vaccinated against rabies at the time of the biting incident. Irrespective of dog ownership, the odds of an individual in a rural household being bitten by a dog were 0.53 (95% CI: 0.38–0.73) the odds for an individual in an urban household. Dog bites constitute a serious, yet preventable, public health concern that requires targeted, community‐specific efforts. Public health organizations could consider findings in developing messaging, particularly as we highlight biting dogs reported by their owners as not up to date on rabies vaccination.  相似文献   

Establishing conditions for the storage and elution of rabies virus RNA using FTA? cards     

Takeo SAKAI  Ayako ISHII  Takao SEGAWA  Yukihiko TAKAGI  Yuki KOBAYASHI  Takuya ITOU 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(4):461-465

The Flinders Technology Associates filter paper cards (FTA^® cards) can be used to store nucleic acid from various samples and are easily portable. However, RNA is physicochemically unstable compared with DNA, and appropriate methods have not been established for storage and extraction of RNA from FTA^® cards. The present study investigated the optimum conditions for storage and elution of viral RNA (vRNA) using rabies virus (RABV) applied to FTA^® cards. When TE buffer was used, the elution rates of vRNA increased with the length of the elution time. When the cards were stored at −80°C or −20°C, vRNA was stable over 3 months. Degradation of vRNAs occurred following storage at 4°C and room temperature, suggesting that RNA should be extracted from cards as soon as possible if no freezer is available. When we tried to amplify vRNA from RABV-infected animal brains applied to FTA^® cards and stored at −80°C for 6 months, we did not detect any amplified products with the primer set for 964 bp of RABV N gene. However, we were able to detect amplified products by increasing the elution time of vRNA from FTA^® cards from 30 min to 24 hr or by changing the primer sets to amplify 290 bp of N gene. Thus, we recommend extending the elution time for damaged or low concentration samples in FTA^® cards.  相似文献   

Phylogeography of the current rabies viruses in Indonesia     

I Nyoman Dibia  Bambang Sumiarto  Heru Susetya  Anak Agung Gde Putra  Helen Scott-Orr  Gusti Ngurah Mahardika 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(4):459-466

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State and Local Perspective on Implementation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Dog Confinement Agreement          下载免费PDF全文

I. Zaganjor  J. R. Sinclair  M. S. Coleman 《Zoonoses and public health》2015,62(8):590-592

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) works in conjunction with state, territorial, local and tribal agencies (STLTAs) to prevent the transmission of infectious agents. Issuance of confinement agreements using CDC Form 75.37 ‘Notice to Owners and Importers of Dogs’ to importers of dogs that are not vaccinated or incompletely vaccinated against rabies is part of the agency's regulatory programme to prevent the entry of dogs infected with rabies. Although this is a regulatory programme that depends heavily on partnerships between CDC and STLTAs, CDC had never formally evaluated the acceptability of the confinement agreement process with these partners. Thus, a short survey of nine STLTAs was conducted to evaluate whether these partners have enough personnel and resources to implement the regulation and their general opinions of the confinement agreement process. The results illustrate that CDC partners are dissatisfied to some extent with the process, and there are multiple issues limiting their success in enforcing the regulation.  相似文献   

河南省动物狂犬病的诊断与防制研究     

夏平安  崔保安  张红英  魏战勇  王新卫  陈红英 《河南农业科学》2006,(1):100-103

从河南病牛脑组织中分离到5株牛狂犬病病毒,用电镜、间接免疫荧光试验等方法鉴定分离病毒的生物学特性。通过微量免疫酶试验,对疫区牛、马、猪、羊、犬、猫、鸡、鼠和蝙蝠9种动物的1 138份血清标本进行检测,阳性率12.65%;其中,疫点内牛、猪、犬、猫和鼠的血清阳性率更高,为20%左右。  相似文献   

猪狂犬病分子生物学的快速诊断   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

甘海霞  熊毅  刘棋  陆立权  温丽霞  姚源锋  邓朝阳 《广西农业科学》2006,37(5):594-595

比较狂犬病病毒N基因的同源性,成功设计了一对引物N 1/N 2,该对引物扩增长度为460bp,其中包含有一个特异性的酶切位点,可以把目的片段切成130bp和330bp两个片段。利用该方法对一例猪狂犬病进行了诊断,证实该技术不仅敏感、特异,而且快速,很适合于实验室应用。  相似文献