Comparison of antibody values in sera of pigs vaccinated with a subunit or an attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever     

Terzić S  Jemersić L  Lojkić M  Madić J  Grom J  Toplak I  Sver L  Valpotić I 《Veterinary research communications》2003,27(4):329-339

Ten pigs, aged 85 days, were vaccinated with a subunit vaccine containing 32 g of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein E2 (gp E2) (group 1), and a further 10 pigs were vaccinated with a C strain vaccine (10^4±0.15 TCID₅₀/ml), produced by amplification in minipig kidney (MPK) cell culture (group 2). Nine non-vaccinated pigs served as a control group (group 3). Serum samples were collected before (day 0) and at 4, 10, 21 and 28 days after vaccination and were analysed by two commercially available enzyme immunoassays and by a neutralizing peroxidase-linked assay (NPLA). At the same times, peripheral blood was taken for determining the total leukocyte count and the body temperature was taken daily. Antibodies were not detected in serum samples collected before vaccination (day 0), and no side-effects that could be connected with vaccination were observed during the trial. Ten days after vaccination 6/10 pigs vaccinated with the subunit vaccine were seropositive. On days 21 and 28, the ratios of serologically positive to vaccinated pigs were 9/10 and 10/10, respectively. Four of the ten pigs that were vaccinated with the C strain vaccine were positive on day 21 and 9/10 on day 28. However, the results of the NPLA showed that only 4/10 pigs had an antibody titre >1:32 at the end of the trial in both the vaccinated groups, even though the subunit vaccine initiated an earlier and higher level of neutralizing antibodies than the vaccine produced from the C strain. Challenge was performed 28 days after vaccination on four randomly selected pigs from both vaccinated groups. The pigs survived the challenge without showing any clinical signs of classical swine fever (CSF), while two nonvaccinated control pigs died on the 10th and 12th days after infection.  相似文献   

Neighbourhood infections of classical swine fever during the 1997-1998 epidemic in The Netherlands     

Crauwels AP  Nielen M  Elbers AR  Stegeman JA  Tielen MJ 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2003,61(4):263-277

Data of the 1997–1998 epidemic of classical swine fever (CSF) in The Netherlands were analysed in survival analysis to identify risk factors that were associated with the rate of neighbourhood infections. The study population consisted of herds within 1000 m of exclusively one previously infected herd. Dates of virus introduction into herds were drawn randomly from estimated probability distributions per herd of possible weeks of virus introduction. (To confirm the insensitivity of the results for this random data-selection procedure, the procedure was repeated 9 times (resulting in 10 different datasets).) The dataset had 906 non-infected and 59 infected neighbour herds, which were distributed over 215 different neighbourhoods. Neighbour herds that never became infected were right-censored at the last date of the infectious period of the infected source herd. Neighbour herds that became empty within the infectious period or within the following 21 days due to preventive depopulation or due to the implemented buying-out programme were right-censored 21 days before the moment of becoming empty. This was done as a correction for the time a herd could be infected without being noticed as such.

The median time to identified infection of neighbour herds was 2 weeks, whereas the median time to right censoring of non-infected neighbour herds was 3 weeks. The risk factors, radial distance ≤500 m, cattle present on source herd and increasing herd size of the neighbour herd were associated multivariably with the hazard for neighbour herds to become infected. We did not find an association between time down wind and infection risk for neighbour herds. Radial dispersion of CSFV seemed more important in neighbourhood infections than dispersion along the road on which the infected source herd is situated. The results of this study support the strategy of preventive depopulation in the neighbourhood of an infected herd. Recommendations are presented to adapt the applied control strategy for neighbourhood infections.  相似文献   

Detection of canine microalbuminuria using semiquantitative test strips designed for use with human urine   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Pressler BM  Vaden SL  Jensen WA  Simpson D 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2002,31(2):56-60

Background — Commercial testing for microalbuminuria in human urine is often performed with point-of-care semiquantitative test strips followed by quantitative testing when indicated. An ELISA that quantifies canine urine albumin concentration has been developed, but semiquantitative test strips for use in the dog are not available.
Objective — The purpose of this study was to prospectively determine the concordance of canine urine albumin concentrations measured by a commercial human test strip and by ELISA.
Methods — Urine samples were obtained from 67 dogs evaluated for a variety of clinical conditions. Dipstick urinalyses were performed on all samples; clinician discretion determined method of urine collection and performance of urine sediment examination and/or urine culture. Urine albumin concentration was determined using test strips (Clinitek Microalbumin, Bayer Corporation, Elkhart, Ind, USA), and results were compared with those obtained by ELISA.
Results — The Clinitek strips correctly determined albumin concentration in 42 of 67 (63%) urine samples tested. Concordance was lowest (48%) for dogs with microalbuminuria (10–300 μg/mL by ELISA). Clinitek strip sensitivity and specificity for correct identification of microalbuminuria were 48% and 75%, respectively. Concordance was lower in dogs with urinary tract infection or hematuria and in samples collected by catheterization. Sensitivity and specificity for correct identification of microalbuminuria after exclusion of dogs with urinary tract infection or hematuria were 59% and 83%, respectively.
Conclusion — These results suggest that the Clinitek strips lack sufficient concordance with results obtained by ELISA to be reliable screening tests for microalbuminuria in the dog. A reliable semiquantitative point-of-care test for canine urine albumin concentrations below those detected by standard urine dipsticks is still needed.  相似文献   

可发酵碳水化合物减少猪场臭气的机理和应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

潘倩  陈安国  赵燕 《家畜生态学报》2007,28(3):6-10

可发酵碳水化合物,添加在猪日粮中到达后肠作为微生物发酵的底物,通过改变猪肠道和粪便中的微生物及其发酵过程,改变粪尿的理化特性,来减少氨的挥发以及臭气的产生.本文对臭气和除臭方法进行了简单的介绍,并综述了通过在猪日粮中添加可发酵碳水化合物来控制猪场臭气的机理和应用效果.  相似文献   

猪体恩诺沙星内服和肌注途径给药排泄规律的比较     

陈红陈杖榴  曾振灵武力 叶得河 《中国兽医科技》2006,36(7):583-586

给10头猪分别按体重5mg／kg单剂量内服和肌注恩诺沙星，采集自然排泄的猪粪、尿，用高效液相一荧光法测定恩诺沙星及其代谢产物环丙沙星浓度，计算采样间隔内单位时间药物排泄量占给药量的比例，比较2种不同给药途径原形药物和环丙沙星的排泄规律。结果显示，2种给药途径对恩诺沙星和环丙沙星总排泄量的影响不显著，仅对药物排泄量与时间之间的关系产生影响；2种给药途径的试验猪粪样中恩诺沙星的排泄量均高于尿样；内服与肌注给药后96h内，粪和尿中检出的环丙沙星分别占给药量的3．93％和4．02％，累积排泄的恩诺沙星和环丙沙星之和分别占给药量的9．89％（内服）和9．57％（肌注）。  相似文献   

猪弓形体病的血清学调查   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

冼琼珍  蔡明福  王淑敏  顾万军 《中国畜牧兽医》2006,33(11):103-104

采用间接血凝试验(IHA)对广东省部分地区猪场送检的269份血清进行猪弓形体病的血清学检测,结果表明有61份血清阳性,平均阳性率为22.7%,最高阳性率为71.4%,该地区猪场有猪弓形体病感染。  相似文献   

可发酵碳水化合物减少猪场臭气的机理和应用     

潘倩  陈安国  赵燕 《家畜生态》2007,(3)

可发酵碳水化合物,添加在猪日粮中到达后肠作为微生物发酵的底物,通过改变猪肠道和粪便中的微生物及其发酵过程,改变粪尿的理化特性,来减少氨的挥发以及臭气的产生。本文对臭气和除臭方法进行了简单的介绍,并综述了通过在猪日粮中添加可发酵碳水化合物来控制猪场臭气的机理和应用效果。  相似文献   

日粮多不饱和脂肪酸对猪繁殖性能的影响     

孙占田  钟翠红  刘志敏 《中国饲料》2007,(5):13-15

本文主要从多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的来源、合成途径、作用机理及使用效果等方面阐述了多不饱和脂肪酸影响猪繁殖性能的研究进展。  相似文献   

口蹄疫重组鸡痘病毒活载体疫苗在豚鼠、猪体内的毒性、分布及抗体消长规律     

金明兰  金宁一  鲁会军  马鸣潇  郑敏  霍小伟  刘慧娟  计越  李旭 《中国兽医学报》2007,27(6):803-806

利用临床观察、病理解剖、PCR、RT-PCR、ELISA、中和抗体检测等方法,对口蹄疫(FMD)重组鸡痘病毒(FPV)在豚鼠、仔猪体内的毒性、分布以及抗体消长规律进行研究。结果表明,FMD重组鸡痘病毒免疫的动物在整个试验期间,未表现出明显的临床症状和不良反应;病理组织切片检测无明显的组织学变化;PCR、RT-PCR检测证明,豚鼠、猪免疫FMD重组鸡痘病毒后,在心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、肌肉、脑、肠系膜淋巴结内检测到FPVDNA和FMDV DNA,且在大部分组织能存在3 d左右;FMD重组鸡痘病毒均可诱导免疫动物产生较高水平的抗FMDV特异性抗体和中和抗体,验证了所构建重组FPV的生物安全性及良好的免疫原性,为其他哺乳动物实验提供了必要的基础数据。  相似文献   

猪瘟病毒及其致病机制研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田宏刘湘涛  张彦明林彤吴锦艳  谢庆阁 《动物医学进展》2007,28(B08):27-30

猪瘟（CSF）是猪的一种高度接触性传染病，该传染病可分为急性、亚急性、慢性、非典型性和不明显型。急性CSF由强毒株引发，一般导致高发病率和死亡率，而弱毒病毒感染则表现不明显。由于疫苗的广泛应用，有效地控制了猪瘟的大流行，减少了急性死亡。但从20世纪80年代以后，临床症状不典型且病程变长的非典型性猪瘟（或慢性猪瘟）成为该病的主要发生形式，持续感染普遍存在，疫苗的预防效果明显下降，使猪瘟防制遇到了新的困难。以目前人类对猪瘟的认识水平，尚难以从分子水平解释这一新变化的成因，这是因为对猪瘟病毒致病机理及其分子基础的认识深度不够。就此，文章综述了猪瘟及猪瘟病毒研究进展，主要涉及CSFV生物学特性、致病机制及其防控，希望能为猪瘟防控提供新的思路和对策。  相似文献