Identifying and Characterizing a Novel Peritrophic Matrix Protein (MdPM-17) Associated With Antibacterial Response From the Housefly,Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)     

Yu Wang  Jinzhi Cheng  Man Luo  Jianwei Wu  Guo Guo 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2020,20(6)

Peritrophic matrix/membrane (PM) critically prevents the midgut of insects from external invasion by microbes. The proteins in the peritrophic membrane are its major structural components. Additionally, they determine the formation and function of this membrane. However, the role of PM proteins in immune regulation is unclear. Herein, we isolated a novel PM protein (MdPM-17) from Musca domestica larvae. Further, the function of MdPM-17 in regulating host innate immunity was identified. Results showed that the cDNA of MdPM-17 full is 635 bp in length. Moreover, it consists of a 477-bp open reading frame encoding 158 amino acid residues. These amino acid residues are composed of two Chitin-binding type-2 domain (ChtBD2) and 19 amino acids as a signal peptide. Moreover, tissue distribution analysis indicates that MdPM-17 was enriched expressed in midgut, and moderate levels in the fat body, foregut, and malpighian tubule. Notably, MdPM-17 recombinant protein showed high chitin-binding capacity, thus belongs to the Class III PM protein group. MdPM-17 protein silencing via RNA interference resulted in the expression of antimicrobial peptide (defensin, cecropins, and diptericin) genes, and this occurred after oral inoculation with exogenous microbes Escherichia coli (Enterobacteriales:Enterobacteriaceae), Staphylococcus aureus (Bacillales:Staphylococcaceae), and Candida albicans (Endomycetales:Saccharomycetaceae)). Therefore, all the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) gene expression levels are high in MdPM-17-depleted larvae during microbial infection compared to controls. Consequently, these findings indicate that MdPM-17 protein is associated with the antibacterial response from the housefly.  相似文献   

Marine-Derived Chitosan Nanoparticles Improved the Intestinal Histo-Morphometrical Features in Association with the Health and Immune Response of Grey Mullet (Liza ramada)     

Mahmoud A.O. Dawood  Mahmoud S. Gewaily  Ali A. Soliman  Mustafa Shukry  Asem A. Amer  Elsayed M. Younis  Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith  Hien Van Doan  Adel H. Saad  Mohamed Aboubakr  Hany M.R. Abdel-Latif  Sabreen E. Fadl 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Marine-derived substances are known for their beneficial influences on aquatic animals’ performances and are recommended to improve intestinal health, immunity, and anti-oxidative status. The present study investigates the role of chitosan nanoparticles on the intestinal histo-morphometrical features in association with the health and immune response of Grey Mullet (Liza ramada). Chitosan nanoparticles are included in the diets at 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg and introduced to fish in a successive feeding trial for eight weeks. The final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR) parameters are significantly increased while feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreases by chitosan nanoparticles compared to the control (p < 0.05). The morphometric analysis of the intestines reveals a significant improvement in villus height, villus width, and the number of goblet cells in chitosan-treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, there is a positive correlation between the thickness of the enterocyte brush border and the chitosan dose, referring to an increasing absorptive activity. Histologically, the intestinal wall of Grey Mullet consists of four layers; mucosa, sub-mucosa, tunica muscularis (muscular layers), and serosa. The histological examination of the L. ramada intestine shows a normal histo-morphology. The epithelial layer of intestinal mucosa is thrown into elongated finger-like projections, the intestinal villi. The values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells (RBCs), total protein (TP), albumin, and globulin are significantly increased in fish fed 1, and 2 g/kg of chitosan nanoparticles compared to fish fed 0 and 0.5 g/kg (p < 0.05). The highest levels of TP and albumin are observed in fish fed 1 g/kg diet (p < 0.05). The lysozyme activity and phagocytic index are significantly enhanced by feeding chitosan nanoparticles at 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg, whereas the phagocytic activity is improved in fish fed 1 and 2 g/kg (p < 0.05). The highest lysozyme activity and phagocytic index are observed in fish fed 1 g/kg. SOD is significantly activated by feeding chitosan nanoparticles at 1 g/kg. Simultaneously, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities also are enhanced by feeding chitosan at 1 and 2 g/kg, compared to fish fed 0 and 0.5 g/kg (p < 0.05). The highest GPx and CAT activities are observed in fish fed 1 g/kg (p < 0.05). Conversely, the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels are decreased by feeding chitosan at 1 and 2 g/kg, with the lowest being in fish fed 1 g/kg (p < 0.05). To summarize, the results elucidate that L. ramada fed dietary chitosan nanoparticles have a marked growth rate, immune response, and anti-oxidative response. These improvements are attributed to the potential role of chitosan nanoparticles in enhancing intestinal histo-morphometry and intestinal health. These results soundly support the possibility of using chitosan nanoparticles at 1–2 g/kg as a feasible functional supplement for aquatic animals.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Intestinal Absorption of Dietary Halocynthiaxanthin,a Carotenoid from the Sea Squirt Halocynthia roretzi     

Chiaki Ikeda  Yuki Manabe  Nami Tomonaga  Tatsuya Wada  Takashi Maoka  Tatsuya Sugawara 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Halocynthiaxanthin is an acetylenic carotenoid mainly found in Halocynthia roretzi. To date, several bioactivities of halocynthiaxanthin have been reported, but its mechanism of digestion and absorption in mammals has not been studied yet. In this study, we evaluated the intestinal absorption of halocynthiaxanthin in mice. The halocynthiaxanthin-rich fraction was prepared from the tunicate Halocynthia roretzi. Mice were orally administered the fraction at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. The halocynthiaxanthin levels in the plasma, liver, and small intestine, were quantified using HPLC-PDA, 1, 3, 6, and 9 h after ingestion. The halocynthiaxanthin-rich fraction mainly consisted of the all-trans form and a small amount of cis forms. These three isomers were detected in the plasma of mice 3 h after ingestion. Time-course changes after the ingestion of this fraction were found, with cis isomers being more abundant than the all-trans isomer in the mouse plasma and liver. In the small intestine, however, the all-trans isomer was primarily detected. The possibility that cis isomers might be absorbed rapidly from the small intestine cannot be denied, but our results suggest that dietary all-trans-halocynthiaxanthin might be isomerized to the cis isomer after intestinal absorption.  相似文献   

重庆地区草地贪夜蛾幼虫肠道真菌的分离鉴定          下载免费PDF全文

吴燕燕  耿敬可  徐思  唐运林  顾偌铖  韦俊宏  潘国庆  周泽扬 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,41(9):1-8

草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)是一种洲际迁飞性农业害虫,食谱广泛. 2019年5月已迁飞至重庆地区,对农作物造成严重危害.为了解入侵重庆地区草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)肠道真菌菌群的组成,本研究以采集自重庆巫山玉米田及重庆江津高粱田中的草地贪夜蛾幼虫为材料,运用传统培养方法分离其粪便中的肠道优势真菌,并对其进行形态学观察和分子生物学鉴定.实验通过分离培养不同地区、不同食物的草地贪夜蛾肠道真菌,结合形态学观察及rDNA ITS测序完成了属水平的鉴定,共分离得到了5个属10个真菌分离株,其中分离自重庆巫山玉米田的草地贪夜蛾肠道真菌归为3个属,分别为念珠菌属(Candida)、掷孢酵母属(Sporobolomyces)和帚枝霉属(Sarocladium);分离自重庆江津高粱田的草地贪夜蛾肠道真菌归为3个属,分别为念珠菌属(Candida)、莫氏黑粉菌属(Moesziomyces)和毛霉属(Mucor).初步分离获得入侵重庆地区的草地贪夜蛾肠道真菌,丰富了对入侵草地贪夜蛾肠道微生物的认识.  相似文献   

重庆地区取食高粱的草地贪夜蛾肠道细菌新分离株的鉴定          下载免费PDF全文

郭志斌  蒋睿轩  唐运林  顾偌铖  李青晏  行甜  向丽  吴燕燕  胡源  刘秀  雷云飞 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,41(9):9-16

为充分认识入侵重庆地区草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)的肠道微生物, 2019年7月该课题组再次在重庆江津地区高粱地采集了草地贪夜蛾幼虫,通过分离培养结合16S rDNA测序鉴定,从江津草地贪夜蛾幼虫肠道中共分离得到38个细菌分离株,归为9个属,分别为克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和鞘脂杆菌属(Sphingobacterium).在课题组前期研究的基础上,新分离到了6个属,分别为克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)和鞘脂杆菌属(Sphingobacterium).同时还对入侵重庆地区采食高粱和玉米的草地贪夜蛾幼虫肠道细菌分离株进行了比较分析,只在采食高粱的草地贪夜蛾幼虫肠道中发现了欧文氏菌属(Erwinia)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)的菌株,而气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、短波单胞菌属(Brevundimonas)、金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium)和类香味菌属(Myroides)则只在采食玉米的草地贪夜蛾幼虫肠道中分离得到.通过对同一片江津高粱地的草地贪夜蛾和玉米黏虫(Mythimna separata)的肠道细菌分离株进行比较分析,只在草地贪夜蛾肠道中发现了微球菌属(Micrococcus)、欧文氏菌属(Erwinia)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)和鞘脂杆菌属(Sphingobacterium),而金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium)只发现于玉米黏虫肠道中.  相似文献   

壳聚糖饲用微生物制剂对湘黄鸡免疫指标和肠道菌群的影响     

杨仕柳  戴求仲  蒋桂韬  李湘  朱吉 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,32(5):529-532

在不用药物、不接种疫苗的条件下,于饮水中添加0（CK）,0．5％,1．0％和1．5％的以壳聚糖为培养底物研制的壳聚糖饲用微生物制剂饲喂湘黄鸡,探讨其对湘黄鸡免疫指标和肠道菌群的影响效果．结果表明,试验组脾脏指数有上升趋势（Jp〈0．25）,法氏囊指数和胸腺指数显著提高（p〈0．05）;试验组血液中IgG含量呈上升趋势（P〈0．25）,T3,T4和IgA含量也显著提高（P〈0．05或（p〈0．01）;试验组盲肠中大肠杆菌显著减少,而乳酸杆菌显著增加（P〈0．01）．同时在日增重和育成率上,试验组提高率达9．31％（p〈0．01）和7．01％（p〈O．05）,表明该制剂通过促进免疫器官发育,增强T3,T4,IgA,IgG分泌和改善肠道微生态环境,从而提高试鸡的抗病力和生长性能．  相似文献   

甘露寡糖对肉鸡生产性能和肠道微生物以及免疫机能的影响   总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18  

周映华  张石蕊 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,29(3):250-253

为探明甘露寡糖在肉鸡生产上的最佳使用剂量,选用11日龄广东岭南黄肉鸡1200只,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每重复50只鸡,分别饲喂6种不同日粮,自由采食和饮水.第1组为空白对照组,第2,3,4,5,6组为试验组,在基础日粮的基础上分别添加1g/kgBio-MOS(甘露寡糖),4mg/kg黄霉素,1g/kgBio-MOS+4mg/kg黄霉素,0.5g/kgBio-MOS和1.5g/kgBio-MOS.结果表明:(1)添加Bio-MOS,提高了肉鸡的日增重和采食量,但与对照组之间差异不显著(p>0.05).(2)添加Bio-MOS1g/kg,盲肠中双歧杆菌显著高于对照组(p<0.05),但对回肠中双歧杆菌增殖效果不明显.与对照组相比,添加不同水平的Bio-MOS对盲、回肠乳酸杆菌增殖效果不明显,但不同程度地提高了盲肠中乳酸杆菌的含量;盲肠中大肠杆菌数量没有明显降低;回肠中除0.5g/kg组外,其余各组之间大肠杆菌含量差异不显著.(3)与对照组相比,添加Bio-MOS1g/kg极显著地提高了血液中T淋巴细胞的百分率(p<0.01).添加Bio-MOS对血清中新城疫抗体效价影响不明显,但以饲料中添加Bio-MOS1g/kg效果最好.饲料中添加Bio-MOS对血清中IgA,IgG,IgM影响不显著,但添加Bio-MOS1g/kg,其IgA,IgG,IgM的含量明显高于其他各组.(4)肉鸡日粮中同时添加甘露寡糖和黄霉素,两者表现出协同作用,但不及甘露寡糖单独使用时的效果.  相似文献   

仿刺参肠多糖提取物对小鼠实体瘤的抑制作用     

王斌  袁甜  张译文  王志远  秦英玲  薛仙子  常亚青 《大连水产学院学报》2012,27(3):195-199

采用碱解、酶解和醇沉淀法提取仿刺参Apostichopusjaponicus肠组织中的粗多糖（简称肠多糖）,通过构建小鼠I-122肝癌实体瘤模型,采用腹腔给药途径,研究了不同剂量的肠多糖[200、100、50mg／（kg·d）]对小鼠实体瘤的抑制作用,并测定了小鼠的脾脏指数、胸腺指数以及血清中肿瘤坏死因子（TNF—α）和白细胞介索2（IL-2）的含量。结果表明：肠多糖对患H22肝癌小鼠的实体瘤具有显著的抑制作用,肠多糖高剂量组小鼠的瘤质量与肿瘤对照组差异极显著（P〈0．01）,肠多糖中、低剂量组的瘤质量与肿瘤对照组差异显著（P〈0．05）,肠多糖高、中、低剂量的抑瘤率分别为90．1％、85．2％和71．7％;各肠多糖组小鼠的脾脏指数与肿瘤对照组均无显著差异（P〉0．05）,但随着肠多糖剂量的上升,小鼠的脾脏指数也上升;各肠多糖组小鼠的胸腺指数均高于肿瘤对照组,除肠多糖低剂量组外其余各组均与肿瘤对照组差异显著（P〈0．05）;肠多糖高剂量组小鼠血清中的IL-2含量极显著高于3个对照组（P〈0．01）,而肠多糖中、低剂量组血清中的IL-2含量与肿瘤对照组、给药健康对照组均无显著差异（P〉0．05）;肠多糖高、中、低剂量组小鼠血清中的TNF—α含量与3个对照组均无显著差异（P〉0．05）。  相似文献   

复合微生态制剂对异育银鲫肠道菌群和消化机能的影响     

宦海琳  丁丽  周维仁  闫俊书  徐小明  顾金 《江苏农业学报》2012,28(3):604-610

为了研究复合微生态制剂对异育银鲫肠道菌群和消化机能的影响,在饲料中添加不同水平的酿酒酵母(0.04%、0.06%、0.08%)、嗜酸乳酸菌(0.01%、0.02%、0.03%)以及枯草芽孢杆菌(0.01%、0.03%、0.05%)3种益生菌制剂,采用L9(34)正交设计法配制成9种复合微生态制剂。结果表明,酿酒酵母对肠道乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌含量的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01),枯草芽孢杆菌对肠道乳酸菌含量的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05)。3种益生菌对大肠杆菌和气单胞菌含量的影响均显著(P<0.05)。3种试验益生菌对异育银鲫前、中、后肠段的淀粉酶、脂肪酶及蛋白酶均有不同程度的影响,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。酿酒酵母对肠道消化酶和营养物质表观消化率的影响最大,对磷表观消化率影响的极显著(P<0.01),对干物质表观消化率影响显著(P<0.05)。酿酒酵母、嗜酸乳杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌3菌种适当搭配可改善异育银鲫肠道微生态环境,有益于消化酶的分泌和饲料养分的消化,较优的组合为酿酒酵母0.08%、嗜酸乳杆菌0.03%、枯草芽孢杆菌0.01%。  相似文献   

热应激环境下育成鸡肠道菌群多样性及黏膜结构的相关性分析     

李永洙  陈常秀  金泽林  郑中华 《中国农业大学学报》2016,21(1):71-80

为分析热应激环境下育成鸡肠道菌群以及黏膜结构的变化,揭示热应激下家禽肠道中正常菌群定植与黏膜结构变化的相关性,选取健康状况相似的10周龄日照琅琊鸡96只,设适温对照组((24±1)℃,Ⅰ)和高温组((38±1)℃),随机分在2个人工环境气候舱中饲养,试验期为14d。采用16SrDNA PCR-DGGE技术,分析热应激处理后1d(Ⅱ)、7d(Ⅲ)和14d(Ⅳ)时十二指肠、空肠及回肠部位内容物细菌群落多样性以及组织黏膜形态变化、肠黏膜上皮内杯状细胞数量。结果表明:热应激持续时间越长,对回肠部位菌群影响越大,Ⅲ组十二指肠与回肠部位优势细菌菌群组成分离明显;Ⅳ组十二指肠、空肠与回肠部位优势细菌菌群组成具有明显差异。不同热应激时段在空肠部位可检测到罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri)、螺旋链霉菌(Streptomyces spiralis)、Plebeius杆菌属细菌(Bacteroides plebeius strain)和嗜酸乳杆菌(L.acidophilus),而回肠部位可检测到拟杆菌属(Bacteroidetes)和不可培养的细菌等;Ⅲ组十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛长度、宽度、隐窝深度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)均发生了明显的变化,各肠段的绒毛长度均明显下降,其中回肠绒毛长度减少最为显著(P0.05);十二指肠、空肠隐窝深度及V/C均出现明显下降(P0.05),各肠段肠壁厚度均显著比对照组低(P0.05)。Ⅲ组空肠和回肠内杯状细胞的数量明显减少,其中回肠差异显著(P0.05)。结果显示,热应激对育成鸡各肠段细菌菌群组成的影响很大,并且黏膜组织结构发生了明显变化,从而破坏消化道菌群平衡,导致消化吸收功能严重受阻。  相似文献