Barium selenate as a slow-release selenium preparation to pigs     

E Brun  G Overnes 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1986,27(3):388-396

Pregnant sows were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) or intramuscularly (i.m.) with a barium selenate suspension (0.5–1.0 mg Se/kg body weight (b.w.)) and together with control animals fed a commercial diet. No response to the injection was seen either in blood selenium levels or in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the sows. There was, however, a significant difference in these parameters between piglets born from treated dams and control animals. This status was maintained during the nursing period. In another experiment pigs (20 kg b.w.) on a Se-deficient diet were injected s.c. and i.m. with barium selenate (2.5 mg Se/kg b.w.). The treated groups maintained their blood levels of selenium and GSH-Px activity, although the selenium values in the group treated intramuscularly started to decline after 4 weeks. Organ samples from both groups were equal with regard to selenium at the time of slaughter while the control group showed a rapid decline both in blood selenium levels and GHS-Px activity.  相似文献   

Milk Protein Polymorphism in Kangayam Cattle     

Jeichitra V  Kandasamy N  Panneerselvam S 《Tropical animal health and production》2003,35(2):147-153

This paper reports the milk protein polymorphism, the allele frequencies of variants and the possible linkages among various combinations of milk protein phenotypes in the Kangayam cattle of south India. Milk samples from 156 Kangayam cows were typed by starch gel and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for caseins and whey proteins, respectively. All the four milk protein components studied, _s1-casein, -casein, -lactoglobulin and -lactalbumin, exhibited polymorphism with high allele frequencies of 0.9231±0.0151 for _s1-casein C, 0.9263±0.0148 for -casein A, 0.9135±0.0159 for -lactoglobulin B and a relatively high frequency of 0.6218±0.0275 for -lactalbumin A. The mean heterozygosity estimated over all the four milk protein loci was 0.2420. Genetic equilibrium was observed among all the loci studied, except -lactalbumin. Linkage analysis confirmed the non-independence between _s1- and -caseins and between caseins and -lactalbumin phenotypes.  相似文献   

Risk factors for stillbirths in two swine farms in the south of Brazil     

Lucia T  Corrêa MN  Deschamps JC  Bianchi I  Donin MA  Machado AC  Meincke W  Matheus JE 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2002,53(4):57-292

We evaluated stillbirth risk factors in two commercial swine farms of the Rio Grande do Sul State (south of Brazil). The study was conducted during 1 month in Farm A and during 2 months in Farm B, both during 1999. Data for all farrowings that occurred during the study period were recorded (101 for Farm A and 373 for Farm B), without interference in the farm management. In Farm A, 39% of all litters born during the period of interest had stillborn piglets and the stillborn risk for piglets was 12%. In Farm B, 25% of all litters had stillborn piglets whereas the stillborn risk was 2%. Variables considered as potential risk factors for stillbirths were: parity (1, 2–3, 4+); breed (purebred or crossbred); sow body-condition (normal or fat); use of oxytocin during parturition (yes or no); obstetric intervention through vaginal palpation (yes or no); farrowing duration (<4 or ≥4 h); mummified fetuses (yes or no); total litter size (<12 or ≥12 piglets); and litter birth weight (<11 or ≥11 kg). All stillborn piglets had their classification validated by necropsy. In multivariable logistic-regressions, the cases were the litters having at least one stillborn piglet. In Farm A, litters having at least 12 pigs and in which oxytocin was used during the parturition had 20.8-times-higher odds of stillborn occurrence. In Farm B, litters from sows having parity ≥4 had 2.2-times-higher odds of stillborn occurrence than litters from parity 2 to 3 females, litters having ≥12 pigs had 2.0-times-higher odds of a stillborn piglet than smaller litters and farrowings in which vaginal palpation was performed had 8.0-times-higher odds. Farrowing room management to minimize stillborn risk should target higher-parity females, large litters and optimization of practices of obstetric interventions.  相似文献   

免疫应激对仔猪理想氨基酸平衡模式影响的研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李建文  陈代文  张克英  龙定彪 《畜牧兽医学报》2006,37(1):34-37

采用氨基酸部分扣除法研究了人工诱导免疫应激条件下仔猪可消化赖氨酸（DLys）、蛋氨酸（DMet）、色氨酸（DTrp），苏氨酸（DThr）之间的平衡比例。结果表明：仔猪处于正常和免疫应激条件下的理想氨基酸模式存在差异，应激条件下，以可消化氨基酸为基础的这4种氨基酸的平衡比例为DLys100、DMet27、DTrp29、DThr59；正常条件下为DLys100、DMet30、DTrp21、DThr61。  相似文献   

液态饲料对超早期断奶仔猪肠道微生物区系的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈理银  李朕杰  杨茜  郭文博 《饲料工业》2006,27(11):32-34

试验选用平均体重为(2.63±0.15)kg、(14±2)日龄的断奶仔猪(云南地方撒坝猪)20头,随机分为对照组和试验组2组,进行32d对比试验。研究了液态饲料对超早期断奶仔猪肠道微生物区系的影响。结果表明,液态饲料能显著促进超早期断奶(SEW)仔猪肠道内乳酸杆菌生长,同时显著降低大肠杆菌含量(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

仔猪黄白痢的综合防治措施   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘明春 《中国畜牧兽医》2006,33(9):71-72,I0001

仔猪黄白痢是一种由致病性大肠埃氏菌引起的肠道传染病,长期困扰着养猪业的健康发展,作者就仔猪黄白痢的流行病学、发病原因、症状及综合防治措施进行了综述。  相似文献   

二花脸仔猪在运输过程中的行为特征和血浆皮质醇水平的变化     

李留安  夏东  肖金松  鲍经伟  魏师  赵茹茜 《家畜生态》2007,(2)

本试验采用实时跟踪摄像和颈静脉血管瘘连续采样,观察二花脸断奶仔猪在2h运输过程中的行为表现,并测定血浆皮质醇水平的动态变化。结果表明:运输前期(出发后15min)仔猪的探究行为和异常行为发生次数较多且持续时间较长,运输中期(出发后60~75min)此类行为显著减少(P<0.05),而到运输后期(最后15min)几乎观察不到此类行为;仔猪的躺卧行为在运输前期和中期发生次数较少,持续时间较短,而在运输后期仔猪大部分时间都处于躺卧状态(P<0.05);运输至中期仔猪大部分时间处于站立状态,而到运输后期站立行为显著减少(P<0.05);仔猪蹲坐行为发生的次数和持续时间在运输的前中后无显著差异(P>0.05)。仔猪上车后皮质醇水平迅速上升(P<0.05),出发15min升至峰值,且保持该高水平直到2h运输结束,下车后15min皮质醇水平迅速下降至上车前15min的基础水平。  相似文献   

Dietary fibre and indigestible protein increase ileal glycoprotein output without impacting colonic crypt goblet cells in weaned piglets     

C. Piel  L. Montagne  B. Sve  J.-P. Lalls 《Livestock Science》2007,108(1-3):106-108

Mucus plays an important role in gut health by favouring colonisation resistance. The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of fibre and protein on mucin recovery in ileal digesta and on goblet cell histochemistry in the proximal colon. A control diet with highly digestible protein and low fibre and three complex diets containing indigestible protein associated with low, soluble or insoluble fibre sources were tested for 14 days in piglets weaned at 28 days of age. Mucin concentration was determined by ethanol precipitation. Goblet cell subtypes in colonic crypts were analysed by histochemistry. The ileal mucin output was higher with the complex diets than with the control diet (31.6 on average vs 21.7 g/kg DM intake). Increases observed with the low and soluble fibre diets were similar (34 g/kg DM intake). This suggests a limited effect of soluble fibre in presence of indigestible protein. Surprisingly, the observed increase was lower with insoluble fibre (27.2 g/kg DM intake). DM and N output and digestibility were not affected by the diets, but a linear relationship was found between DM and mucin output. In proximal colon, crypt depth, goblet cell numbers per crypt and glycosylation subtypes were not affected by the diet suggesting no change in the capacity of mucus to protect the gut. To conclude, introducing highly indigestible protein in the diet increased ileal mucin output, without effects of these factors on crypt goblet cell patterns in the proximal colon. Introducing fibre in a diet containing highly indigestible protein had a marginal effect.  相似文献   

The effect of PHA-lectins and diet composition on performance and intestinal development in weaning piglets     

J.W. Kluess  J. Koninkx  P. Bikker  J. Fledderus  A. Dirkzwager  B. Veldman 《Livestock Science》2007,108(1-3):288-291

Anti-nutritional factors such as PHA-lectins (phytohaemagglutinin) in piglet diets can compromise piglet's performance and health by gut damage, which is especially important at weaning. Two trials were conducted to investigate the effect of PHA and fermentable carbohydrates on performance, gut morphology, physiology and microbiology in piglets weaned at 26 days.

We studied dietary PHA as a model to standardize gut damage and its effect on intestinal morphology and microbiology in piglets until 2 weeks post weaning. In general, significant lower values were observed on day 7 compared to day 14 post weaning (d7 vs. d14: 358 vs. 442 μm villus height; 42.1 vs. 108.7 U/g protein sucrase-isomaltase), indicating gut maturation. We observed very few changes between day of weaning to day 7 post weaning, lactobacilli counts being most affected (8.9, 6.9, 7.4 cfu/g for d0, d7, d14). Apart from these marked time effects the effect of PHA was negligible and thus a less suitable model to standardize gut damage in this setup.

Furthermore we studied the effect of PHA in combination with rapid or slow fermentable carbohydrates (CHO) on performance and physiological parameters. We observed a dramatic effect on performance (ADG g/d: 245 no PHA + low CHO, 111 PHA + low CHO, 132 PHA + rapid CHO, 105 PHA + slow CHO), which was less clearly reflected in the physiological parameters.  相似文献   

仔猪精氨酸的内源合成及其影响因素     

郭秀兰  唐仁勇 《中国畜牧杂志》2007,43(23):45-48

由于精氨酸及其代谢产物具有广泛生物学作用,使得近年来研究者们在生理、生化和营养等方面对其作了大量的研究。母乳严重缺乏精氨酸,仔猪精氨酸内源合成对精氨酸的平衡起了重要作用,使得哺乳仔猪精氨酸的内源合成成为精氨酸营养的研究核心。通过对精氨酸内源合成路径和场所的了解,研究者们进一步研究了精氨酸内源合成的影响因素,主要有仔猪日龄、日粮中精氨酸的水平、乳酸盐和皮质醇的浓度等。本文就仔猪精氨酸内源合成的途径和场所、内源合成的量、影响因素以及精氨酸的需要量等进行了综述,重点阐述了精氨酸内源合成的影响因素。  相似文献