盐水鸭中挥发性风味物质研究进展     

张苏珍  孙冲  王道营  张牧晗  刘芳  诸永志  徐为民  耿志明 《内蒙古农业科技》2014,(6):105-107

盐水鸭因具有独特的风味和较高的营养价值而深受消费者喜爱。挥发性化合物,如脂类及其降解产物,对盐水鸭特征风味的形成具有重要作用。从盐水鸭肉所含的主要挥发性风味成分、挥发性成分的测定方法、加工工艺对挥发性风味物质的影响3个方面综述了近年来盐水鸭特征香味物质的研究进展。  相似文献   

不同果肉类型番石榴果实香气比较     

李莉梅  静玮  袁源  李积华  高爱平  李国鹏 《广东农业科学》2014,41(15):89-92

果实香气是重要的果实性状之一,利用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱质谱联用技术比较了红肉型耶四季桃爷和白肉型耶珍珠桃爷番石榴果实中的挥发性组分差异。在不同果肉类型的番石榴果实中检测到40种挥发性物质袁其中酯类物质种类最多,其次为醛类和醇类物质。红肉型耶四季桃爷番石榴果实挥发性物质种类要多于白肉型耶珍珠桃爷果实,尤其酯类物质的种类和相对含量均较白肉型果实高。白肉型番石榴果实中主要以醇醛类挥发性物质为主（84%）,而红肉型番石榴果实中醇醛类物质含量为69%,酯类物质相对含量为24.37%遥己醛和2原己烯醛为两种果肉类型番石榴果实中重要的醛类物质,乙酸-3-己烯酯则是重要的酯类物质。酯类挥发性物质在不同品种果实中相对含量的不同是导致果实香气类型不同的重要原因。  相似文献   

败酱草挥发性化学成分研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘信平  张驰  谭志伟  刘应煊  田大听  余爱农 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(2):410-410,593

用水蒸气蒸馏法提取白花败酱草挥发油,并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对白花败酱草挥发油的化学成分进行了分离和鉴定。结果分离并鉴定出51个组分,占峰面积的95.77%,并用峰面积归一化法测定了各成分的质量分数;其主要挥发性成分为:2-甲基-5-乙基呋喃(50.97%),其次是己二硫醚(9.47%)、1-己硫醇(6.97%)、紫苏醛(3.65%)、律草烷-1,6二烯-3-醇(2.65%)、(Z,E)-à-法呢烯(2.62%)、反-石竹烯(2.41%)、亚麻酸甲酯(2.03%)、紫苏醇(1.63%)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(1.43%)、樟脑(1.21%)、à-雪松醇(1.16%)、邻苯二甲酸单-2-乙基酯(1.07%)、冰片(1.06%)、6-氨基异喹啉(1.03%)。  相似文献   

Litter- and ecosystem-driven decomposition under elevated CO₂ and enhanced N deposition in a Sphagnum peatland   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Andy Siegenthaler  Alexandre Buttler  Luca Bragazza  Edwin van der Heijden  Jean-Michel Gobat 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2010,42(6):968-977

Peatlands represent massive global C pools and sinks. Carbon accumulation depends on the ratio between net primary production and decomposition, both of which can change under projected increases of atmospheric CO₂ and N deposition. The decomposition of litter is influenced by 1) the quality of the litter, and 2) the microenvironmental conditions in which the litter decomposes. This study aims at experimentally testing the effects of these two drivers in the context of global change. We studied the in situ litter decomposition from three common peatland species (Eriophorum vaginatum, Polytrichum strictum and Sphagnum fallax) collected after one year of litter production under pre-treatment conditions (elevated CO₂: 560 ppm or enhanced N: 3 g m⁻² y⁻¹ NH₄NO₃) and decomposed the following year under treatment conditions (same as pre-treatment). By considering the cross-effects between pre-treatments and treatments, we distinguished between the effects on mass loss of 1) the pre-treatment-induced litter quality and 2) the treatment conditions under which the litters were decomposing. The combination between CO₂ pre-treatment and CO₂ treatment reduced Polytrichum decomposition by −24% and this can be explained by litter quality-driven decomposition changes brought by the pre-treatment. CO₂ pre-treatment reduced Eriophorum litter quality, although this was not sufficient to predict decomposition. The N addition pre-treatment reduced the decomposition of Eriophorum, due to enhanced lignin and soluble phenols concentrations in the initial litter, and reduced litter-driven losses of starch and enhanced litter-driven losses of soluble phenols. While decomposition indices based on initial litter quality provide a broad explanation of quantitative and qualitative decomposition, they can only be taken as first approximations. Indeed, the microbial ATP activity, the litter N loss and resulting litter quality, were strongly altered irrespective of the compounds' initial concentration and by means of processes that occurred independently of the initial litter-qualitative changes. The experimental design was valuable to assess litter- and ecosystem-driven decomposition pathways simultaneously or independently. The ability to separate these two drivers makes it possible to attest the presence of litter-qualitative changes even without any litter biochemical determinations, and shows the screening potential of this approach for future experiments dealing with multiple plant species.  相似文献   

萘胺类化合物缓解家蚕氟中毒的效果   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吕顺霖  杜孟达 《蚕业科学》2000,26(3):146-149

用氟敏指数和过氧化氢酶活性为指标 ,测定萘胺类化合物 (CRL)和增效剂的解毒效果。其结果为CRL和增效剂有良好的解毒效果。NaF、NaF +CRL、NaF +CRL +增效剂 3种处理的氟敏指数依次递减 ,而过氧化氢酶活性的大小依次为NaF处理区 >NaF +CRL处理区 >NaF +CRL +增效剂处理区 >对照。  相似文献   

Chemical Compositions of Volatile Oil from Fruiting Body of Armillaria luteo-virens   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

ZHOU Jin-song    XIONG Hui-yan  YANG Chun-jiang  JIAO Ying-chun  SHENG Hai-yan. Zhejiang College of Construction  Hangzhou  .Qinghai University  Xining 《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2008,(2)

The chemical compositions of volatile oil from fruiting body of Armillaria luteo-virens in Qinghai Province were firstly analyzed with GC-MS and its relevant compositions were detected by calculating chromatographic peak area with normalized method.21 peaks were separated and 13 compositions were identified which were mainly unsaturated fatty acids,taking 97.1% of the total volatile oil.  相似文献   

绵羊中草药饲料添加剂预试初报     

罗超应  郑继方  王学智  杜建忠  胡振英 《中兽医医药杂志》2003,22(4):14-16

为了帮助我国北方旱区或半干旱区绵羊度过草枯严寒的漫长冬、春季，开发研制一种能够提高现有草料利用率的绵羊中草药饲料添加剂。根据中兽医药学的辨证施治理论，采用小鼠日粮添加倍量秸秆粉和不同中草药复方的方法，在120只小鼠上进行了增重率和重料比的中草药复方的筛选研究。结果表明，以益气养血和消食健胃为主的两个中草药复方能够较好地改善小鼠的增重率和重料比。  相似文献   

金银花和红银花挥发性成分的顶空固相微萃取#br# 气质联用检测与比较     

崔婷婷  单长松  吴澎  周涛 《园艺学报》2015,42(11):2283-2290

 采用顶空固相微萃取气质联用（SPME–GC–MS）的方法检测红银花与金银花新鲜花蕾和 干花蕾的挥发性成分。4 种花蕾样品共鉴定出67 种挥发性物质,其中新鲜红银花与金银花分别检测出48 种和46 种,经烘干处理的干红银花与金银花分别检测出34 种和37 种。[3.2.1.0（1,5）]三环辛烷、β– 芳樟醇、5–甲基–2–己醇和以及十六烷是4 种样品共有的成分。其中红银花挥发性成分主要以烃类、 醇酮类为主,β–芳樟醇含量显著高于金银花;样品在由新鲜到烘干这一过程中,烃类和酯类挥发性物质 含量降低,醛类和醇酮类挥发性物质显著增加。  相似文献   

不溶性胞壁结合酚类物质在棉花对枯萎病抗性中的作用     

宋凤鸣  郑重  葛秀春 《棉花学报》2001,13(5):273-277

分析了枯萎病菌侵染后棉花叶片和根茎部组织中不溶性胞壁结合酚类物质 (胞壁结合的简单酚、复杂酚聚合物及黄酮醇 )含量的变化。结果表明 ,抗病品种棉苗中不溶性胞壁结合酚类物质含量高于感病品种 ,同一品种内根茎部组织中含量较高 ;氟乐灵播前土壤处理可诱发棉苗产生对枯萎病的诱导抗性 ,同时也促进了棉苗组织中不溶性胞壁结合酚类物质的积累 ;枯萎病菌侵染后棉苗组织中不溶性胞壁结合酚类物质含量明显增加 ,抗病品种棉苗和经氟乐灵处理的棉苗受侵后不溶性胞壁结合酚类物质含量的增加分别大于感病品种棉苗和未经氟乐灵处理棉苗中的增加水平。这些结果说明 ,不溶性胞壁结合酚类物质在棉花对枯萎病的抗性及由氟乐灵诱发的诱导抗性中起作用  相似文献   

QTL mapping of volatile compounds in ripe apples detected by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry     

Elena?Zini  Franco?Biasioli  Flavia?Gasperi  Daniela?Mott  Eugenio?Aprea  Tilmann?D.?M?rk  Andrea?Patocchi  Cesare?Gessler  Matteo?KomjancEmail author 《Euphytica》2005,145(3):269-279

The availability of genetic linkage maps enables the detection and analysis of QTLs contributing to quality traits of the genotype. Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS), a relatively novel spectrometric technique, has been applied to measure the headspace composition of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emitted by apple fruit genotypes of the progeny ‘Fiesta’ × ‘Discovery’. Fruit samples were characterised by their PTR-MS spectra normalised to total area. QTL analysis for all PTR-MS peaks was carried out and 10 genomic regions associated with the peaks at m/z = 28, 43, 57, 61, 103, 115 and 145 were identified (LOD > 2.5). We show that it is possible to find quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to PTR-MS characterisation of the headspace composition of single whole apple fruits indicating the presence of a link between molecular characterisation and PTR-MS data. We provide tentative information on the metabolites related to the detected QTLs based on available chemical information. A relation between apple skin colour and peaks related to carbonyl compounds was established. The two authors contributed equally to this work.  相似文献