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Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is one of the most important viral diseases of small grains worldwide. An understanding of its epidemiology is crucial to control this disease in a sustainable way. The virus moves through the agricultural landscape via cereal aphids as vectors. Understanding movement of these aphids in space and time is of key importance and in doing so, the spatial and temporal variables that influence BYDV epidemiology can be identified. The presence of summer hosts, crop rotation, crop diversity, agricultural practices and climate variables are crucial. Through digitalization, spatial (e.g. land‐use) and temporal (e.g. weather) information is becoming more readily available. Including this information into a prediction model could improve decision support systems that will rationalize the decision‐making process towards a more integrated control of the disease. © 2020 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献
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经传毒力测试，具有南方麦区代表性的长沙、南京和杭州的介体禾谷缢蚜，对小麦黄矮病（ＢＹＤＶ）的传播能力，同样不但赶上而且超过该病优势介体麦二岔蚜。这就预示随着我国南方麦区优势麦蚜种群禾谷缢蚜传毒力的显著提高，小麦黄矮病存在着由北方麦区往南方麦区扩展蔓延的趋势。 相似文献
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抗黄矮病小麦种质的遗传分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以抗黄矮病小麦种质为母本、丰产性品种为父本配制杂交组合,鉴定所有F1代及保留组合6个世代的抗病性,运用不完全双列杂交模式和加权最小二乘法分析抗病基因的遗传效应,根据Castle-Wright方法估计抗病种质的最小抗病基因数目。结果表明:抗黄矮病遗传不符合加性-显性模型,以加性效应为主,抗病基因间存在明显的互作效应,表现为加性×加性和加性×显性;黄矮病抗性遗传力较高,变幅为69.15%～97.75%;抗病种质"02R084"和"02R493"分别含有1对抗病基因,且在不同遗传背景中基因互作方式存在差异。 相似文献
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Ligia Ayala Monique Henry Maarten van Ginkel Ravi Singh Beat Keller Mireille Khairallah 《Euphytica》2002,128(2):249-259
We searched for QTLs involved in tolerance to barley yellow dwarf (BYD), a serious viral disease of small grain cereals in
two wheat populations, Opata × Synthetic (ITMI)and Frontana × INIA66 (F × I), for which marker data had previously been generated.
The populations were evaluated in replicated field trials under artificial inoculation with a BYDV-PAV-Mex isolate and under
disease-free conditions. Disease symptoms (yellowing, dwarfism and biomass reduction) were visually recorded and agronomic
traits (number of tillers,height, biomass, yield and thousand-kernel weight) were measured on five plants per plot. Phenotypic
data on all evaluated traits showed normal distribution with high correlation between visual estimates and measured values.
Heritabilities were mostly moderate to high in the 114 lines of the ITMI population, and from low to moderate in the 117 lines
of the F × I population. QTL analyses were based on genetic maps containing 443 loci for the ITMI population and 317 loci
for the F × I population. Using composite interval mapping, 22 QTLs in the ITMI population and seven in the F × I population
were detected, explaining9.8–43.3% of total phenotypic variation (σ2
P)per agronomic trait in the first population, and 4.1–13.7% in the second. Individual QTLs explained less than 15.8%of σ2
P. In the F × I population a minor QTL explaining 7% of σ2
P for yellowing was detected on the short arm of 7D, linked to leaf tip necrosis, a morphological marker for linked genes Bdv1, Yr18 andLr34. A QTL consistently detected for several traits on 2D in the ITMI population and on the short arm of group 6 chromosome(6S)
in F × I explained 10–15% of σ2
P. The large number of QTLs having mostly small effects and the continuous distribution of all evaluated traits confirmed the
polygenic nature and complexity of BYD tolerance in wheat.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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燕麦抗蚜性和抗BYDV病毒病鉴定及利用评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
【目的】明确燕麦品种对蚜虫和BYDV的抗性水平,筛选和推广一批广谱抗性的品种以确保燕麦生产安全。【方法】用等行距开畦条播方式种植鉴定圃。于灌浆期分别用模糊识别法和目测法调查圃内自然感染蚜虫和人工接种饲毒蚜虫的数量和病叶级数,计算蚜害比值和平均严重度后进行抗蚜性和抗BYDV性评价。【结果】72份燕麦材料中,无免疫蚜虫和BYDV材料。抗蚜性评价结果表明,14份材料抗蚜、58份材料感蚜;抗BYDV性评价结果表明,自然接种后,9份材料抗病,63份材料感病,而人工接种后,6份材料抗病,66份材料感病。【结论】燕麦抗蚜和抗BYDV材料较少,抗蚜性与抗BYDV性之间有一定相关性,人工接种BYDV较自然感染BYDV易增加病害严重度。QO245-7和白燕2号对蚜虫分别表现中感,对BYDV一致表现抗病,是优质的抗蚜和抗BYDV材料,在今后大面积推广中可优先考虑。 相似文献
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