Resistance to Karnal Bunt (Tilletia indica Mitra) in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats Derived from Triticum turgidum×T. tauschii     

R. L. Villareal    A. Mujeeb-Kazi  G. Fuentes-Davila  S. Rajaram  E. Del  Toro 《Plant Breeding》1994,112(1):63-69

Synthetic hexaploids (SH) developed at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), involving four Triticum turgidum and nine T. tauschii parents, were evaluated for resistance to Karnal bunt (KB) (Tilletia indica Mitra) during three crop seasons over three years at Ciudad Obregon, Sonora, Mexico. Ten tillers of each SH at boot stage, taken at random, were injected with a suspension of sporidia in water (10,000 spores/ml of water). At maturity the inoculated spikes were threshed individually and evaluated for the percentage KB-infected grains. Based on the mean KB score of each entry for three seasons, 49 % of the SH were immune (0 % infection) to KB. Highly resistant expressions characterized the SH which appeared to be influenced by the resistance of their T. turgidum and/or T. tauschii parents. The overall mean infection of the SH wheats was 0.24 % compared to 56.14 % in the susceptible bread wheat check cultivat ‘WL711’. Transfer of KB resistance genes from SH wheats into bread wheat is currently underway at CIMMYT.  相似文献   

Inheritance of resistance to Tilletia indica (Mitra) in synthetic hexaploid wheat ×Triticum aestivum crosses     

R. L. Villareal    G. Fuentes-Davila  A. Mujeeb-Kazi  S. Rajaram 《Plant Breeding》1995,114(6):547-548

Inheritance of resistance to Karnal bunt was investigated in the crosses of four resistant synthetic hexaploid wheats (SH; Triticum turgidum×T. tauschii) and two susceptible T. aestivum cultivars. The resistance was dominant or partly dominant over susceptibility. The SH cultivars Chen/T. tauschii (205) and Chen/T. tauschii (224) have single dominant resistance genes which could be allelic to each other. ‘Altar 84’/T. tauschii (219) appeared to have two dominant genes for resistance. ‘Duergand’T. tauschii (214) possessed two complementary dominant genes for resistance. The work is being extended to involve diverse Karnal bunt-resistant SH and bread wheat cultivars.  相似文献   

Genetic analysis of resistance to Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica (Mitra)) in bread wheat     

Alexei Morgunov  Jorge Montoya  Sanjaya Rajaram 《Euphytica》1993,74(1-2):41-46

Summary An analyis of an F1-based incomplete diallel was conducted involving 11 parents with different levels of resistance to Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica (Mitra)). It demonstrated that general combining ability (GCA) and thus additive or additive × additive gene effects were very important in the inheritance of resistance, accounting for 86.9% of the variation. Further analysis concentrated on F3 lines derived from individual random F2 plants from crosses with resistant varieties having the highest negative GCA effects. It was shown that the varieties Weaver and W499 have single dominant genes of resistance, which are different from each other, and which differ from a single allelic gene in varieties K342 and Cruz Alta. The majority of the crosses did not demonstrate a relationship between Karnal bunt infection and the number of days to heading. Resistant F3 lines varied in the number of days to heading from 80 to 100.  相似文献   

Resistance to Karnal bunt in Hordeum chilense and its amphiploids with Triticum species     

R.S. Chauhan  B.M. Singh 《Euphytica》1997,96(3):327-330

Reactions of Hordeum chilense accessions H1 and H7 and their amphiploids, HT8, HT9 and HT28 (named as tritordeum) alongwith wheat lines, T22, T24 and T59 used in their synthesis, were studied for resistance to the Karnal bunt pathogen (Tilletia indica) of wheat. Both the accessions of H. chilense and one tritordeum line, HT8, were rated as highly resistant with zero co-efficient of infection, whereas the other two tritordeum lines HT28 and HT9 were rated as moderately susceptible and susceptible with 5.2 and 10.5 co-efficients of infection, respectively, compared to reaction of the wheat lines involved in their synthesis. Karnal bunt infection was maximum on the susceptible wheat cultivar WL-711 with 24.3 co-efficient of infection. All the wheat lines involved in the synthesis of amphiploids were susceptible to Karnal bunt except, T59 (Triticum sphaerococcum) (6X), which showed a moderate level of resistance. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Short Communication Resistance to common bunt in Hordeum chilense X Triticum spp. Amphiploids     

D. Rubiales    M. C. Ramírez  A. Martín 《Plant Breeding》1996,115(5):416-418

The reaction of tritordeum and its Hordeum chilense and Triticum spp. parents to common bunt incited by Tilletia tritici were determined in field experiments. H. chilense accessions were very resistant, and durum wheats exhibited high to moderate levels of resistance. Conversely, bread wheats were highly susceptible. Resistance from H. chilense was expressed in the amphiploids, although the level of resistance was partially diluted at higher ploidy levels. Hexaploid tritordeums were immune to the disease; some infection was observed among the octo-ploids but at much lower levels than in their respective wheat parents.  相似文献   

Genetic analysis of resistance to Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica,Mitra) in bread wheat     

Gurdev Singh  S. Rajaram  J. Montoya  G. Fuentes-Davila 《Euphytica》1995,81(2):117-120

Summary Karnal bunt caused by Tilletia indica in wheat seriously affects the quality of the grains. It is important to generate information on the genetics of resistance to this pathogen so as to aid resistance breeding. For this purpose, four Karnal bunt-resistant lines from China, Brazil and CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center) and a susceptible Indian cultivar, WL711, were used. The parents, F1 and F3 progenies of five parental diallel crosses revealed that independently segregating loci with three partial dominant resistance alleles were involved in the resistance of Karnal bunt. Lines RC7201/2^*BR2 and Roek//Maya/NAC carried one locus for resistance while Shanghai#7 and Aldan/IAS58 have two and three loci, respectively. One common locus was present in all four resistant parents, which imparted a high level of resistance.  相似文献   

小麦矮腥黑粉菌的鉴定及检测方法          下载免费PDF全文

董微  陈万权  刘太国 《植物保护》2007,33(6):128-131

由Tilletia controversa Kühn(TCK)引起的小麦矮腥黑穗病是重要的国际检疫性病害,也是我国对外的A类检疫对象。本文就该病原菌的形态学和生物学鉴定、分子检测方法进行了综述。展望了分子检测技术在病害检疫中的应用前景。  相似文献   

Arguments for a low risk of establishment of Karnal bunt disease of wheat in Europe     

David R. Jones 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,118(2):93-104

Tilletia indica, which causes Karnal bunt of wheat, has been perceived as a pathogen that has a high risk of establishment in the UK and other countries in Europe. This viewpoint is challenged with arguments for the risk of establishment being much lower. The present distribution of the pathogen and its likely widespread dissemination with consignments of germplasm and wheat seed from Mexico over a 20 year period without establishment outside the hot arid and semi-arid zones strongly suggests that T. indica is unsuited to environments other than those similar to where it is now found. A critical density of teliospores needs to remain viable and ungerminated between periods of wheat anthesis and then germinate during a narrow window of opportunity to ensure infection and establishment. Despite the results of outdoor teliospore longevity experiments, it is by no means certain that this can occur under European conditions. Generally cooler conditions and more frequent periods of rain in Europe are likely to trigger teliospore germination at times unsuitable for infection making establishment much more unlikely. A model based on year-round soil conditions, especially moisture content, is seen as appropriate to predict teliospore survival and germination potential. It is only after areas where teliospores can survive and germinate in sufficient numbers to guarantee regular infection cycles have been defined can another model, based on temperature, rainfall and/or humidity prior to anthesis, be applied to determine if environmental conditions are suitable for infection. David Jones is a retired employee of the Central Science Laboratory (CSL). Statements and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author and are not the views of the Central Science Laboratory.  相似文献   

麦麸中小麦矮腥黑穗病菌孢子的提取方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

章桂明  卢俭  田子章  陈枝楠  邓琼  李一农 《植物病理学报》2002,32(4):319-325

 对麦麸中小麦矮腥黑穗病菌孢子的提取方法进行了研究。通过建立的"过筛-α-淀粉酶降解"、"过筛-密度梯度离心"和"过筛-α-淀粉酶降解-密度梯度离心"等方法能从麦麸中提取TCK孢子。提取的TCK孢子数量与网筛、α-淀粉酶和密度梯度离心的应用情况有关,而提取的TCK孢子纯度则主要与密度梯度离心有关。选用双层纱布和5种不同规格的网筛或网筛组合进行过筛能弃除83.88%~94.09%的麦麸,应用"过筛-α-淀粉酶降解"方法能弃除95.01%~99.00%的麦麸,并能提取19.2%~51.7%的TCK孢子。在"过筛-密度梯度离心"实验中,只有60目+200目+300目+30μm+11μm该网筛组合处理能获取7.2%的纯孢子,密度梯度离心对孢子的网嵴高度、自发荧光和萌发没有影响;在"过筛-α-淀粉酶降解-密度梯度离心"实验中,60目+200目+300目和60目+200目+300目+30μm+11μm这2组网筛处理可分别得到18.8%和12.2%的纯孢子,该处理对孢子网嵴高度没有影响。  相似文献   

小麦矮化腥黑穗病菌冬孢子的定量检测及几种计数方法的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

彭金火  周国梁  张大凯  杨翠英  郑斌斌  郑建中 《植物检疫》2002,16(4):193-196

用人工污染有小麦矮化腥黑穗病菌Tilletia controversa Kuehn冬孢子的小麦样品，按国家标准GB／T18085－2000规定的洗涤程序，对TCK的定量检测以及3种冬孢子计数方法进行了比较研究，并建立了定量评估样品中孢子量的方法。研究表明，使用国际种子检验协会（ISTA）的标准种子洗涤方法仅能发现30．72％－46．58％的TCK孢子，检验洗涤后的小麦表面，仍可分析有大量孢子沾附于小麦种子表面。应用回归分析，建立了定量评估样品中孢子的方程Y＝2．0131（X＋2）^1.0325-2。通过比较3种孢子计数方法，认为依据国标建立的计数方法得到的结果变异最小。  相似文献