3个蓝靛果品种果实生物活性物质含量及抗氧化性的比较     

孙晶 《经济林研究》2019,37(3):95-100

为给蓝靛果种质资源收集、优良品种的选育、综合开发及利用提供参考,以蓝靛果栽培品种‘蓝鸟’‘蓓蕾’及野生蓝靛果为材料,比较3个蓝靛果品种果实生物活性成分的含量及抗氧化活性,利用生理生化实验方法,测定各品种成熟果实提取液中可滴定酸、类黄酮、总酚、花色苷含量,分析DPPH、FRAP、羟自由基(·OH)的清除能力。结果表明:‘蓝鸟’果实可滴定酸含量最多,其体积分数为2.49%;按照类黄酮、总酚及花色苷的含量由高到低排序,3个品种依次为‘蓓蕾’、野生、‘蓝鸟’。体外抗氧化活性评价结果显示,3个蓝靛果品种果实的抗氧化能力差异较大,‘蓓蕾’果实抗氧化活性最高,其次是野生蓝靛果,‘蓝鸟’果实的抗氧化活性最低。相关性分析结果显示,蓝靛果果实的抗氧化能力与类黄酮、总酚、花色苷含量存在极显著相关性,其中,类黄酮含量与·OH清除能力相关系数最大,即蓝靛果果实类黄酮清除·OH的能力最强。综上可知,‘蓓蕾’果实生物活性物质含量较高,抗氧化能力比其他2个蓝靛果品种强,适宜进行加工及内含物提取利用,是制备抗氧化剂的优良材料。  相似文献   

肟菌酯及其代谢产物在苹果中的残留与膳食风险评估     

李文博  苏龙 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2023,49(1):94-99+120

在中国苹果主产区山东青岛、宁夏银川、辽宁大连等12地进行肟菌酯在苹果中的规范残留试验。苹果样品中肟菌酯及其代谢产物CGA321113(肟菌酸)的残留量采用乙腈提取,经抽滤、盐析、浓缩后用乙酸乙酯定容,再运用气相色谱检测,并对肟菌酯进行膳食风险评估。结果表明：在添加水平为0.05、0.50、5.00 mg/kg时,肟菌酯和CGA321113在苹果中的平均添加回收率分别为89%～99%和89%～98%,相对标准偏差分别为6%～10%和7%,定量限均为0.05mg/kg;以肟菌酯有效成分100mg/kg的用量在苹果上施药3次,每次施药间隔7 d,在末次施药后28 d时,肟菌酯在苹果中的残留量为<0.05～0.14 mg/kg,CGA321113的残留量为<0.05～0.06mg/kg,肟菌酯的残留总量为<0.10～0.19mg/kg;在末次施药后21d时,肟菌酯在苹果中的残留量为<0.05～0.15mg/kg,CGA321113的残留量为<0.05～0.28mg/kg,肟菌酯的残留总量为<0.10～0.37mg/kg,残留总量最大值低于中国制定的肟菌酯在苹...  相似文献   

白皮和江屯青皮佛手瓜嫩梢的代谢组比较分析     

史绍琪  陈金甜  林毓娥  谢国源  黄美华  王敏 《广东农业科学》2023,50(2):42-48

【目的】挖掘影响龙须菜品质和口感的代谢物质,对白皮和江屯青皮两种佛手瓜嫩梢进行代谢组分析。【方法】采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）技术,对白皮和江屯青皮两种佛手瓜嫩梢进行代谢组学检测,采用MetaboAnalyst 5.0、SIMCA-P和Origin等软件对代谢组数据进行分析。【结果】两种佛手瓜嫩梢间共筛选到135种差异代谢物,其中下调代谢物82个、上调53个;差异代谢物聚类法分析显示,芥子醛在白皮佛手瓜嫩梢中含量高,其次为松柏醇;在江屯青皮佛手瓜嫩梢中,检测差异代谢物溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺最高,其次为溶血磷脂酰胆碱;KEGG结果显示差异代谢物显著富集于5条代谢途径,分别为嘌呤代谢、亚油酸新陈代谢、类黄酮生物合成、次生代谢产物合成及α-亚麻酸代谢途径。【结论】江屯青皮佛手瓜嫩梢中的脂质、黄酮类、生物碱以及核苷酸类等物质含量高,特别是溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺、日当药黄素、腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸和阿魏酰亚精胺等。研究结果为解析江屯青皮龙须菜代谢组学的营养和药用选育价值及优质品种提供理论基础。  相似文献   

Effect of microwave pre-treatment on physical quality,bioactive compounds,safety risk factor,and storage stability of peanut butter     

《中国油料作物学报(英文)》2021,6(3):137-144

Microwave, as a new heat treatment technology, has the characteristics of uniform and fast heating speed. It is an energy-saving technology known for improving oilseed product quality. Its efficiency mainly depends on the roasting power and time. However, the production of high-quality peanut butter using short-time roasting conditions are limited. Herein, we determined an appropriate microwave roasting power and time for peanuts and evaluated its impacts on the quality of peanut butter. Different roasting powers (400 ​W, 800 ​W and 1200 ​W) and times (4, 4.5, 5, and 5.5 ​min) were preliminarily tested. Among them, 800 ​W at 5 ​min was the most suitable. The roasting efficiency was further evaluated using color, sensory, bioactive compounds, storage stability, and safety risk factors of peanut butter produced from four peanut cultivars (Silihong, Baisha-1016, Yuanza-9102, and Yuhua-9414). The pre-treated butter obtained from three cultivars (Silihong, Yuanza-9102, and Yuhua-9414) with moisture content between 5% and 7.2% had a similar sensory score (6–7) as the commercial on a 9-point hedonic scale compare to the other. The color of the pre-treated peanut butter varies statistically with the commercial but remained in the recommended range of Hunter L1 values of 51–52, respectively, for high initial moisture peanut cultivars. The total polyphenol (35.20-31.59 ​± ​0.59 ​μmol GAE/g) and tocopherol (19.05 ​± ​0.35 ​mg/100 ​g) content in the butter obtained from three cultivars (Yuahua-9102, Yuhua, and Baisha-1016) and Silihong respectively, were significantly (P ​< ​0.05) higher than those in the commercial butter. The induction times of all pre-treated butter (19.80 ​± ​0.99–7.84 ​± ​0.07 ​h) were significantly (P ​< ​0.05) longer during storage at accelerated temperature than commercial samples. In addition, no benzo[a]pyrene was found in the pre-treated samples. Collectively, the microwave pretreated peanut butter was superior to the commercial one. These findings provided data support and a reference basis to promote microwave use for peanut butter production.  相似文献   

基于文献统计分析桑树研究的进展     

刘胜胜  杨帆  丁雪莹  成希飞  周游  徐立 《蚕学通讯》2019,39(1):22-30

通过对国内外各大数据库中桑树相关文献量的计量,对桑树的研究状况进行了分析。结果显示,桑叶作为家蚕饲料的传统农业模式已被打破,现已转向涉及医药、食品与保健等领域的多元化发展的桑树资源综合开发利用模式。其中,对桑树活性物质的研究由生物碱类物质转向多酚类物质和多糖类物质,桑树的抑制肿瘤和抗癌活性逐渐被重视,国内研究者对桑树的研究深度及影响力逐年提高。该结果可为桑树资源的进一步研究提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

丝兰提取物生理功能及其在养殖生产上的应用     

鲁慧杰  陈卫东  田志梅  马现永 《动物营养学报》2019,31(5):1990-2001

丝兰属是一类集观赏、食用、药用、饲料添加剂于一体的多功能植物。丝兰提取物的活性成分包含甾体皂苷、多酚类、多糖等物质,具有抗氧化、抗炎抑菌、抗肿瘤、免疫刺激活性、降糖、降低胆固醇、促进生长等多种功能。本文从丝兰提取物的主要活性成分、生理功能及其在养殖生产上的应用等方面进行阐述,深入探讨丝兰属植物在食用、药用及动物生产中可能的作用机制及潜在的应用价值。  相似文献   

不同水平的植物乳杆菌代谢产物对肉鸡生长性能、粪微生物菌群及绒毛形态的影响     

龚胜  邓树勇  甘凌秀 《中国饲料》2019,(4):36-40

本试验在日粮中添加不同水平的植物乳杆菌代谢产物,研究其对肉鸡生长性能、粪微生物菌群、挥发性脂肪酸含量及小肠绒毛形态的影响。选择健康、体重一致的1日龄AA肉鸡576只,采用单因素试验设计,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复24只鸡,对照组饲喂基础日粮+80 mg/kg新霉素,处理组分别在基础日粮中添加0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4和0.5%不同水平的植物乳杆菌代谢产物。试验共进行42 d。结果显示:0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组较对照组、0.1%、0.3%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著提高了42 d肉鸡末重、总增重和平均日增重(P <0.05),0.1%和0.3%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组较0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著提高了肉鸡饲料转化率(P <0.05)。对照组较各植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著提高了粪中大肠杆菌含量(P <0.05),与0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组相比,对照组、0.1%、0.2%和0.5植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著降低了粪中乙酸含量(P <0.05),0.1%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组较0.3%、0.4%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组显著提高了粪中丁酸含量(P <0.05)。0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组总挥发性脂肪酸含量最高,显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度显著高于其他各组(P <0.05),0.2%和0.3%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组、0.1%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组(P <0.05),0.2%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组空肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组、0.1%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组(P <0.05)。0.1%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组回肠绒毛高度最高(P <0.05)。对照组和0.1%组植物乳杆菌代谢产物十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度显著高于0.4%和0.5%植物乳杆菌代谢产物组(P <0.05),但对照组回肠隐窝深度最低(P <0.05)。结论 :日粮添加植物乳杆菌代谢产物可以改善肉鸡生长性能,降低粪中大肠杆菌含量,提高小肠绒毛高度和粪中挥发性脂肪酸含量,其中日粮添加0.2%和0.4%植物乳杆菌代谢产物对肉鸡增重、饲料转化率和绒毛高度的影响最佳。  相似文献   

液相色谱串联质谱法检测草铵膦、草甘膦及其代谢物在水和土壤中的残留     

姬乐园  王平平  朱丽珍  毛连纲  张兰  蒋红云  刘新刚 《植物保护》2024,50(2):235-239

利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪(UHPLC-MS/MS),结合固相萃取净化建立了在水和土壤中同时快速测定草甘膦、草铵膦及其6种代谢物的多残留分析方法。前处理采用Oasis MCX和Oasis MAX固相萃取柱提取,2%甲酸甲醇-水(体积比为1∶1)洗脱,旋干后0.1%氨水定容,UHPLC-MS/MS检测。方法的线性范围为0.02～0.5 mg/L;在水中添加水平为0.000 1 mg/L和0.001 mg/L时,草甘膦、草铵膦及其代谢物的回收率为72.8%~94.2%,RSD为2.3%~16.1%;土壤中添加水平为0.001 mg/kg和0.01 mg/kg时,草甘膦、草铵膦及其代谢物的回收率为70.6%~88.5%,RSD为3.6%~12.8%。本方法准确、灵敏、全面,适用于草甘膦、草铵膦及其代谢物在水土环境中的残留检测及监测。  相似文献   

Metabolite profiling of the response to high-nitrogen fertilizer during grain development of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)     

《Journal of Cereal Science》2016

Wheat yield and quality are dependent largely on nitrogen (N) availability. In this study, we performed the first metabolomic analysis of the response to high-N fertilizer during wheat grain development using non-targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Quality parameter analyses demonstrated that high-N fertilizer application led to a significant increase in grain protein content and improvement in starch and bread-making quality. Comparative metabolomic profiling of six grain developmental stages resulted in identification of 74 metabolites, including amino acids, carbohydrates, organic acids and lipids/alcohol, which are primarily involved in carbon and N metabolism. Under high-N fertilizer treatment, numerous metabolites accumulated significantly during grain development. Principal component analysis revealed two principal components as being responsible for the variances resulting from N-fertilizer treatments. Metabolite–metabolite correlation analysis demonstrated that the high-N treatment group had a greater number of positive correlations among metabolites, suggesting that high-N fertilizer treatment induced a concerted metabolic change that resulted in improved grain development. Particularly, the high-N treatment-mediated significant accumulation of metabolites involved in the TCA cycle, starch and storage protein synthesis could be responsible for the improvement of grain yield and quality. Our results provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of wheat grain development and yield and quality.  相似文献   

链霉菌702生物活性物质抑菌的致死浓度和致死时间的测定     

蔡华静  熊智强  涂国全 《江西农业大学学报》2005,27(2):274-278

通过对链霉菌702所产生物活性物质和纳他霉素及Nisin分别对黑曲霉、青霉、绿色木霉、枯草芽孢杆菌、蜡质芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌、产朊假丝酵母、啤酒酵母的抑制作用研究,试验结果得出链霉菌702所产生物活性物质对各种指示菌的半致死浓度和半致死时间,证明链霉菌702所产生物活性物质抑制效果比纳他霉素及Nisin强。试验结果为链霉菌702所产活性物质应用提供了有益的试验数据。  相似文献