菜籽油皂脚中游离脂肪酸分子蒸馏分离模拟     

邵平  郑志  罗水忠  姜绍通 《农业工程学报》2008,24(2):260-263

该文利用分子蒸馏模型模拟分离皂脚中脂肪酸,进而为后续高效率制备生物柴油奠定基础.根据建立的分子蒸馏模型和物化参数的估算,对菜籽油皂脚中游离脂肪酸的分离进行模拟,并与实际试验数据进行了比较.研究结果表明:该模型在模拟分离菜籽油皂脚中游离脂肪酸时的结果与试验结果曲线趋势相近.随着蒸馏温度的增加,蒸馏量增大,蒸馏量模拟值与实验值的相对误差不超过16%.随着蒸馏温度的增加,重组分中游离脂肪酸含量不断降低,试验结果的脂肪酸浓度都大于模拟值,而相对误差随温度升高不断降低,蒸馏温度为453 K时较蒸馏温度为423 K时,相对误差降低近50%.  相似文献   

Genetic characterization of a collection of chayote, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sechium edule</Emphasis> (Jacq.) Swartz,in Costa Rica by using isozyme markers     

Ana Abdelnour  Oscar J. Rocha 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(1):163-170

We established protocols for the analysis of genetic diversity in chayote (Sechium edule) by using isozyme markers, thereby determining the level of genetic diversity present in 42 accessions of chayote from Costa Rica. We obtained clear and reproducible zymograms for eight enzyme staining systems: PGM, 6-PGD, PGI, IDH, MDH, SOD, SKD, and EST, and were able to score 14 putative loci. Eight of the 14 loci examined were polymorphic. We found 35 distinct multilocus genotypes among these accessions. Five of these multilocus genotypes were homozygous for all loci. In addition, our data also revealed that most of the multilocus genotypes (24) were heterozygous for only one of the eight loci, and the rest were heterozygous for two or three loci (9 and 4 accessions, respectively). Seven multilocus genotypes were found in two different accessions. Dice similarity coefficient was used to study the relationship between accessions. This analysis, based on the presence and absence of alleles, revealed that accessions collected in the same location seldom shared the same multilocus genotype. The value of isozyme polymorphisms as tools to continue studies on the characterization of chayote is discussed.  相似文献   

部分小麦低分子量谷蛋白亚基二级结构的预测与分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

路洁霏  伍碧华  郑雯  郑有良 《四川农业大学学报》2006,24(1):7-12

为了从蛋白质高级结构的水平上研究小麦低分子量谷蛋白结构与功能的关系,利用互联网上开放的预测软件和蛋白质序列分析软件对已获得全序列,并明确其染色体定位的19个LMW-GS基因的推导氨基酸序列进行二级结构的预测和分析。结果表明,在整个LMW-GS二级结构中,无规则卷曲最多,达69.51%,α-螺旋(28.97%)较β-折叠(1.36%)占有绝对优势,因而归属于α结构型蛋白。其中,信号肽由大量α-螺旋和微量无规则卷曲组成,N-端和重复区均由无规则卷曲占据,而C-末端除富含α-螺旋和无规则卷曲外,还是β-折叠的唯一分布区。同时,两个分子间二硫键存在于无规则卷曲中,而另有6个分子内二硫键分布于α-螺旋内或其附近,由此推导出小麦LMW-GS二级结构的平面模式图。这种特异的LMW-GS二级结构不仅进一步证明了“蛋白质一级结构决定高级结构”,以及信号肽引导新合成的LMW-GS顺利进入相应细胞器等经典理论,而且从空间结构的水平上阐释了LMW-GS多肽链致密化及其互聚体形成、富集,并与HMW-GS一起影响面粉加工品质的结构基础。  相似文献   

华薯和鄂薯系列马铃薯品种晚疫病抗病基因及水平抗性相关基因SNP位点检测     

聂佳惠  李红军  宋威武  吴承金  宋波涛  田振东 《中国马铃薯》2021,(1):9-18

鄂薯和华薯系列马铃薯品种是由湖北恩施中国南方马铃薯研究中心和华中农业大学马铃薯团队选育而成的品种.鄂薯系列马铃薯品种大多为中晚熟品种,适合西南山区种植;华薯系列马铃薯品种多为早熟品种,适于华中低山丘陵和平原地区种植.研究对2个系列品种部分晚疫病抗病基因进行了分子标记检测,同时对几个水平抗性相关基因SNP位点进行了检测....  相似文献   

基于高通量测序及分离培养初步研究美国大豆中真菌多样性     

胡佳续  张莹  王仲敏  刘勇  姜一 《植物检疫》2021,(1):31-38

中国是全球最大的大豆进口国,进境大豆所携带的病原真菌传入我国的风险极高.基于高通量测序技术对6批美国大豆真菌多样性进行分析,同时采用分离培养获得单一菌株,依据菌落形态、显微结构及分子技术进行鉴定.高通量测序结果显示,大豆中所有真菌共计5门15纲35目63科112属155种,主要为链格孢属(Alternaria)、球腔菌...  相似文献   

生防木霉菌Tr9701的鉴定及其生物学特性   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王勇  王万立  刘春艳  郝永娟  杨秀荣 《华北农学报》2006,21(1):100-104

对从土壤中分离、筛选出的生防木霉菌进行分类鉴定和生物学特性测定。结果表明,生防木霉菌属于半知菌类、丛梗孢目、木霉菌属,为绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)。该菌以小麦粉和豆粉浸出液培养基生长最适,在小麦粉和PDA培养基上孢子生成最快、产生孢子量多,分生孢子在1%葡萄糖溶液中萌发效果最好;20~30℃为其菌落生长和分生孢子形成的适宜温度;木霉菌菌落生长和孢子可以耐受45℃的高温,致死温度为55℃持续15 min;适宜pH为5~8;短时间紫外线照射不会对生防木霉菌的生长和孢子着生产生影响。  相似文献   

Semi-Synthesis,Cytotoxic Evaluation,and Structure—Activity Relationships of Brefeldin A Derivatives with Antileukemia Activity     

Xu-Xiu Lu  Yao-Yao Jiang  Yan-Wei Wu  Guang-Ying Chen  Chang-Lun Shao  Yu-Cheng Gu  Ming Liu  Mei-Yan Wei 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)

Brefeldin A (1), a potent cytotoxic natural macrolactone, was produced by the marine fungus Penicillium sp. (HS-N-29) from the medicinal mangrove Acanthus ilicifolius. Series of its ester derivatives 2–16 were designed and semi-synthesized, and their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Their cytotoxic activities were evaluated against human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cell line in vitro, and the preliminary structure–activity relationships revealed that the hydroxy group played an important role. Moreover, the monoester derivatives exhibited stronger cytotoxic activity than the diester derivatives. Among them, brefeldin A 7-O-2-chloro-4,5-difluorobenzoate (7) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the proliferation of K562 cells with an IC₅₀ value of 0.84 µM. Further evaluations indicated that 7 induced cell cycle arrest, stimulated cell apoptosis, inhibited phosphorylation of BCR-ABL, and thereby inactivated its downstream AKT signaling pathway. The expression of downstream signaling molecules in the AKT pathway, including mTOR and p70S6K, was also attenuated after 7-treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, molecular modeling of 7 docked into 1 binding site of an ARF1–GDP-GEF complex represented well-tolerance. Taken together, 7 had the potential to be served as an effective antileukemia agent or lead compound for further exploration.  相似文献   

优质蛋白玉米选育的分子遗传途径     

李锦辉  李潮海 《核农学报》2006,20(6):503-507,496

本文综述了opaque突变基因及其修饰基因的最新研究进展。从分子生物学角度分析了优质蛋白玉米育种过程中突变基因及修饰基因改善蛋白质品质和控制籽粒性状的遗传机理,提出了利用突变基因及修饰基因减少玉米醇溶蛋白,增进玉米品质的思路。  相似文献   

不同栽培类型蓝莓遗传多样性的SSR分析     

张春红  黄正金  樊苏帆  闾连飞  李维林  吴文龙 《中国果业信息》2021,50(2)

以南方地区的蓝莓品种为主要对象,利用SSR标记分析现有品种种质的遗传多样性。设计合成了56对蓝莓SSR分子标记引物,进行扩增和多态性引物筛选,将多态性好的引物用于66份蓝莓不同类型种质的遗传多样性分析。结果表明,56对引物均能扩增出预期大小条带,其中条带清晰多态性较好的引物为25对,占比引物数的44.64%,多数引物扩增的位点数在5~7个之间。25对引物在66份蓝莓供试种质中检测多态性,共检测到165个等位变异,平均每个位点有6.6个等位变异,PIC值变幅为0.656~0.947,平均值为0.777。多态性最好的引物Vc26可以检测到15个等位基因数目。北方高丛、南方高丛和兔眼类型66份蓝莓种质的遗传相似系数位于0.60~0.96之间,品种间遗传差异较丰富。利用UPGMA聚类将3种类型种质进行分析,发现除了兔眼类型品种‘红粉佳人’外,其余明显分为3个类群,且同一类型的种质基本聚在一起。结合不同类型种质的系谱分析,发现分类与品种种质的遗传成分相似有一定的相关。研究利用SSR分子标记揭示了蓝莓不同类型种质的遗传多样性,对今后杂交育种亲本选择利用有一定借鉴意义。  相似文献   

贡柑黑腐病病原菌生物学特性研究     

覃旭 《中国果业信息》2014,43(1)

摘要：在贡柑黑腐病病原菌分离鉴定的基础上,对其病原菌的生物学特性进行研究。结果表明,该病原菌（Alternaria citri Ellis & Everhart）在PDA培养基上生长最佳。菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发的适宜温度分别为21~30 ℃和18~30 ℃,适宜pH值分别为5~12和4~7。供试的6种碳源中,葡萄糖和可溶性淀粉较利于菌丝生长,蔗糖较利于孢子萌发;供试的6种氮源中,牛肉膏较利于菌丝生长,酵母膏较利于孢子萌发。光照条件对病原菌产孢影响不大,完全光照与光暗交替12 h较利于菌丝生长和孢子萌发。分生孢子致死温度为51 ℃水浴10 min。  相似文献