平湖剑子麦、洪湖大太宝、崇阳红麦、延岗坊主、万年2号抗赤霉病性基因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

余毓君 《作物学报》1991,17(4):248-254

本试验将抗性组分分析法与单体分析法相结合,进行了小麦抗性基因染色体定位和抗性评价。结果表明,平湖剑子麦是抗性较稳定的中抗至抗病品种,其抗性基因涉及6D、7A、3B、5B和6B 等染色体。洪湖大太宝抗性基因和感病基因并存,是一个中抗偏感或中感品种。崇阳红麦属感病品种。延岗坊主的抗性基因位于染色体3A 上,感病基因位于5D 上,是一个中抗品种.万年2号麦穗前期抗病基因位于4D 和5A 上,是中抗品种。两种方法结合研究多基因控制的赤霉病抗性,能获得比较准确的结果和较多的遗传信息。  相似文献   

内蒙古乌审马染色体核型研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张焱如  乌尼尔夫  白克力亚  芒来 《华北农学报》2005,20(1):108-110

采用外周血淋巴细胞培养方法和常规染色体制备技术，对内蒙古乌审马染色体核型进行了分析研究。结果表明：乌审马染色体核型2n=64，雌性核型为64，XX；雄性核型为64，XY。32对染色体中，31对常染色体，1对性染色体；常染色体中，13对为亚中和中着丝粒染色体，18对为端着丝粒染色体；X染色体为较大的亚中部着丝点染色体，Y染色体为最小的端着丝点染色体。通过对乌审马的染色体核型分析，为其分子原位杂交及基因定位奠定基础。  相似文献   

诸葛菜与甘蓝型油菜的核质杂种形成机制     

吴沿友  蒋九余  周光艺 《种子》1996,(1)

对甘蓝型油菜与诸葛菜的杂种的花粉母细胞的减数分裂的观察表明，染色体组分割现象在该杂种中广泛存在。对染色体组分割现象的分析表明，核质杂种的形成机制在于“染色体组分割现象”。同时还分析了“诸葛菜”核在不同质情况下的行为。  相似文献   

Identification of Gsr1 in Arabidopsis thaliana: A locus inferred to regulate gene expression in response to exogenous glutamine     

R. Meyer  J. Yuan  J. Afzal  M. J. Iqbal  Mengxia Zhu  G. Garvey  David A. Lightfoot 《Euphytica》2006,151(3):291-302

  相似文献   

Cytogenetic analyses of sugarcane relatives (Andropogoneae: Saccharinae)     

D. M. Burner 《Euphytica》1991,54(1):125-133

Summary Meiosis was studied in 31 wild Saccharum relatives, including Erianthus (8 clones), Miscanthus (5 clones), Narenga prophyrocoma (1 clone), S. robustum (3 clones), and S. spontaneum (14 clones). Chromosome number for 18 clones confirmed published counts or was typical of the particular species. Chromosome number for seven clones (Djatiroto 2n=58, Molokai 5099 2n=80, SES 84/58 2n=58, SES 114 2n=64, SES 260 2n=64, Taiwan 100 2n=112, and US 57-11-2 2n=60) differed from published counts (2n=112, 86-100, 64, 60, 60, 96, and 30, respectively). Counts were obtained for the first time for six clones (Local escape 2n=96, Nepal 2n=72, NG 77-77 2n=108–112, NG 77-199 2n=166, US 57-60-2 2n=20, and US 68-1-4 2n=38). Bivalent chromosome pairing predominated in all clones. Meiotic irregularity (numeric aberrations, univalents, multivalents, and telophase II micronuclei) tended to be associated with taxonomic grouping and level of polyploidy. Clones in Erianthus, Miscanthus, and Narenga were apparent euploids (2n=20–60) and tended to have fewer meiotic irregularities than Saccharum clones. Differences in level of meiotic stability among taxonomic groups may reflect error in chromosome association and synapsis associated with high chromosome number.  相似文献   

陆地棉与7个野生棉杂种细胞学研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王坤波  李懋学 《作物学报》1996,22(1):27-35

分析了四倍体栽培种陆地棉与辣根棉、哈克尼西棉、旱地棉、雷蒙德氏棉、裂片棉、异常棉和司笃克克棉等二倍体野生棉种间杂种Ｆ１的细胞学，花粉母细胞中期Ｉ染色体平均构型依次为：１４．６２Ⅰ＋１１．９３Ⅱ＋０．１７Ⅲ、１４．２１Ⅰ＋１２．３６Ⅱ＋０．０２Ⅲ、１１．７０Ⅰ＋１３．５２Ⅱ＋０．０９Ⅲ、１３．５６Ⅰ＋１２．７２Ⅱ、１４．１０１＋１２．２７Ⅱ＋０．１２Ⅲ、２８．１９Ⅰ＋５．１６Ⅱ＋０．１６Ⅲ和３１．２  相似文献   

Colchicine-induced chromosome doubling in Platanus acerifolia and its effect on plant morphology   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guofeng Liu  Zhineng Li  Manzhu Bao 《Euphytica》2007,157(1-2):145-154

We report the production of tetraploid plants of Platanus acerifolia, with the ultimate aim of improving the ornamental qualities of this important urban landscaping tree. Chromosome doubling was achieved by the application of colchicine to either pre-soaked seed or to the apical meristems of young seedlings. Treatment of the ungerminated seed was the more efficient method in terms of numbers of tetraploid seedlings (up to 40%, as determined by chromosome counting of the root-tip nuclei) but this method produced no mature tetraploid plants due to the deleterious effect of colchicine on subsequent root growth. When colchicine was applied directly to the apical growing tip of cotyledon-stage seedlings, leaf and stem growth was temporarily affected but the plants eventually recovered. We conducted a preliminary screen for putative tetraploids based on the observation in other plant species of a correlation of stomatal size and distribution with ploidy. Plants containing significantly larger stomata and at a lower density across the lower leaf epidermis, were selected for further analysis by flow cytometry and chromosome counting. These techniques confirmed that, of the 12 putative polyploids, four were tetraploid, five were mixoploid and three were, in fact, diploid. Morphological differences of the tetraploids included a more compact growth habit and broader, thicker leaves. These plants are being grown to full maturity in order to test their potential for use in a breeding programme aimed at producing sterile triploid lines.  相似文献   

小麦7D染色体数量性状基因定位和效应估计的研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

李维明 Worl.  AJ 《作物学报》1996,22(6):641-646

综合应用方差分析法、区间定位法和联合定位法将控制抽穗期、有效穗数、小穗数、５０粒重和单穗产量等５个性状的６个数量性状基因座（ＱＴＬ）定位在小麦７Ｄ染色体上。其中控制粒重的ＱＴＬ有２个。这些ＱＴＬ集中分布在着丝粒附近和染色体长臂的末端两个区域。效应估计结果表明多数ＱＴＬ的效应是微效的，控制同一个性状（粒重）的两个ＱＴＬ的效应几乎相等。比较３种ＱＴＬ定位法的分析结果，方差分析简单有效，且当染色体上只有  相似文献   

Staining of heterochromatin bands and the determination of rye chromosomes in triticale (wheat × rye hybrid)     

Val T. Sapra  Moira D. Stewart 《Euphytica》1980,29(2):497-509

Summary Fifteen lines of triticale were studied using the C-banding staining method. A typical, complete chromosomal complement was found in 11 lines, while the remaining lines demonstrated some variations. A slight modification in the technique is discussed.Supported in part by CSRS/USDA Grant No. 801-15-03A.  相似文献   

大麦幼胚培养再生植株及其后代的细胞遗传学研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

袁妙葆  张毓芳 《作物学报》1991,17(3):171-177

从5个普通大麦品种的幼胚培养中均得到体细胞再分化植株。对214棵再生植株进行了细胞学检查,发现四倍体5株,占总数的2.3%;相互易位杂合体1株,占总数的0.46%。四倍体植株虽然得到少数大而瘪的种子,但它们次年没有发芽;易位杂合体减数分裂时的染色体构型为5Ⅱ+1Ⅳ,属于两对非同源染色体间的简单易位。其余所有二倍体植株的细胞  相似文献