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地物波谱是指地物反射电磁波能力的大小 ,不同地物具有不同的反射波谱值 .将株洲地区的地类粗略地划分为水、裸露地、居民点和植被 4大类 ,利用遥感图像处理软件 ERMAPPER6.1,在对航空和航天遥感信息源进行处理的基础上 ,对各地类的波谱值和波谱特性进行了详细研究 .结果表明 :相似地类具有相近的波谱分布 ,不同地类具有不同的波谱分布 ;同一地类因信息源、地理位置和时相不同而具有不同的波谱值 ,其分布表现为一个域 ,不同地类的域值差异较大 ;不同地类的波谱值严重交叉 .这说明地物同波谱特征值之间不是简单的一一对应关系 ,而是一种复杂的映射关系 相似文献
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Annalisa Azzola Giorgio Bavestrello Marco Bertolino Carlo Nike Bianchi Marzia Bo Francesco Enrichetti Carla Morri Alice Oprandi Margherita Toma Monica Montefalcone 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(4):737-747
- Detailed knowledge about the distribution of species in need of protection is required for the management of Marine Protected Areas, a major tool to reduce marine biodiversity loss. Such knowledge is deficient for most marine invertebrates.
- Axinella polypoides is a marine sponge included on the list of protected species by the Barcelona Convention (1976) and the Bern Convention (1987). This large and erect species has an important ecological role in habitat forming and benthic–pelagic coupling.
- Bathymetrical, geographical and ecological data over the last 60 years were collated from publications and reports, together with new surveys to assess the distribution and protection status in Liguria of A. polypoides. It identified a more widespread distribution than previously thought, which points at a general need for dedicated investigations on the occurrence of species that require protection.
- Bathymetrical distribution was trimodal, with peaks corresponding to different geomorphological settings: coastal cliff bases (around 38 m depth), inner shelf shoals (52 m) and rocks amidst coarse sediment on the outer shelf (79 m). Density was significantly greater at the shallowest depths. The species was mostly found in the coralligenous biocoenosis, in association with other characteristic species or forming a monospecific facies.
- On (sub)vertical cliffs, A. polypoides often exhibited an unusual cane shape, rather than the typical bushy morphology, thus causing confusion with the congeneric A. cannabina, a more southern species. Records of the latter in the Ligurian Sea therefore need confirmation.
- Only a minority (22.6%) of A. polypoides records were in Marine Protected Areas, the remainder being located in areas with no current environmental protection plans in place. While the occurrence of this species in MPAs remained stable over the decades, the only quantitative historical data available indicated that populations in non-protected areas were declining owing to anthropogenic impacts (fishing and anchoring).
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Nikolla P. Qafoku Malcolm E. Sumner Mitsuru Toma 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(5):601-603
This is a mini-review of the research work conducted by the authors with the objective of studying ion transport in variable charge subsoils collected from different areas around the world. An attempt is made in these studies to relate the unique behavior manifested during ionic transport in these subsoils with their mineralogical, physical and chemical properties, which are markedly different from those in soils from temperate regions. The variable charge subsoils have a relatively high salt sorption capacity and anion exchange capacity (AEC) that retards anions downward movement. The AEC correlates closely with the anion retardation coefficients. Ca2+ applied with gypsum in topsoil may be transported to the subsoil and may improve the subsoil chemical properties. These results may help in developing appropriate management strategies under a range of mineralogical, physical, and chemical conditions. 相似文献
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