Phenological and physiological evaluation of first and second cropping periods of sorghum and maize crops     

Maria Antonia Machado Barbosa  Kacilda Naomi Kuki  Pedro Santos Peno Bengala  Emilly dos Santos Pereira  Angélica Fátima de Barros  Sebastián Giraldo Montoya  Leonardo Duarte Pimentel 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(2):263-276

Environmental conditions influence phenology and physiological processes of plants. It is common for maize and sorghum to be sown at two different periods: the first cropping (spring/summer) and the second cropping (autumn/winter). The phenological cycle of these crops varies greatly according to the planting season, and it is necessary to characterize the growth and development to facilitate the selection of the species best adapted to the environment. The aim of this study was to characterize phenological phases and physiological parameters in sorghum and maize plants as a function of environmental conditions from the first cropping and second cropping periods. Two parallel experiments were conducted with both crops. The phenological characterization was based on growth analyses (plant height, leaf area and photoassimilate partitioning) and gas exchange evaluations (net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and water-use efficiency). It was found that the vegetative stage (VS) for sorghum and maize plants was 7 and 21 days, respectively, longer when cultivated during the second cropping. In the first cropping, the plants were taller than in the second cropping, regardless of the crop. The stomatal conductance of sorghum plants fluctuated in the second cropping during the development period, while maize plants showed decreasing linear behaviour. Water-use efficiency in sorghum plants was higher during the second cropping compared with the first cropping. In maize plants, in the second cropping, the water-use efficiency showed a slight variation in relation to the first cropping. It was concluded that the environmental conditions as degree-days, temperature, photoperiod and pluvial precipitation influence the phenology and physiology of both crops during the first and the second cropping periods, specifically cycle duration, plant height, leaf area, net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and water-use efficiency, indicating that both crops respond differentially to environmental changes during the growing season.  相似文献   

湖南省推进兽医社会化服务发展的探索与实践     

郑文成  邓云波  王晓春  谭运华  李昂 《中国动物检疫》2018,35(3):32-35

湖南省主动适应兽医工作新形势,积极推进兽医社会化服务发展,创新服务体制机制,扎实稳妥开展兽医社会化服务试点。本文总结了湖南省推进兽医社会化服务发展取得的成效,包括防疫效果提升、人员待遇提高、职能定位明确,发展空间拓宽等,分析了改革试点中存在的社会化服务组织发展困难、财政投入不足、监管体系能力薄弱等问题,提出了加强统筹协调、注重组织培育、加强财政保障、强化绩效评估等发展建议,为全面推进兽医社会化服务提供了借鉴。  相似文献   

长梗润楠扦插生根对IBA、NAA和IAA的响应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙昂  李莲芳  郭樑  苏柠 《北方园艺》2017,(16)

长梗润楠(Machilus longipedicellata)是西南地区的特有树种之一,也是优良的绿化树种。以长梗润楠为试材,采用U_7(7~6)方法,研究了IBA、NAA、IAA对长梗润楠扦插生根的影响。结果表明:扦插9个月时,平均愈伤组织产生率、生根率、一级根数、一级根长和一级根直径分别为78.9%~85.6%、84.5%~92.2%、2.7~3.7条·株~-1、9.7~14.6cm和1.22~1.58mm;0.75g·L~(-1) IAA+0.4g·L~(-1) IBA组合的生根率、平均一级根数、一级根直径和根长分别达85.5%、3.5条·株-1、1.58mm和13.5cm,为生根性状综合指标较优的处理组合。穗条的生根率与愈伤组织产生率间呈极显著正相关(P≈0.0000.01),二者的相关模型为Y=26.846+0.629 X(R2=0.506,R2Adj=0.484)。  相似文献   

基于云变换和Rough集扩展模型的判定树构造     

曾利军  黎昂 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,(3):140-144

针对现有判定树算法在处理空缺值和连续值以及知识表达上不精确性和复杂性问题，提出基于云变换和Rough扩展模型的判定树构造算法。该算法利用云变换来离散化连续属性，然后根据概念集，采用极大判定法对每个数值型属性的原始属性值进行软划分，从而得到离散属性值。最后利用特性关系下的加权平均粗糙度来选取当前结点的分裂属性来递归生成判定树。与C5.0算法相比，新算法可妥善处理空缺值、合理离散连续属性。试验结果表明,该算法具有良好的实用性。  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical expression of HER - 2 and Ki - 67 in granulosa cell tumor in bitches     

Ana Carina Heil da Silva Matos  Angélica Consalter  Bárbara Paula dos Santos Batista  Ana Beatriz Monteiro Fonseca  Ana Maria Reis Ferreira  Juliana da Silva Leite 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(4):667-672

Granulosa cell tumour, an ovarian neoplasm of stromal origin, is an important tumour related to oestrogenic dominance syndrome and cystic endometrial hyperplasia–pyometra complex. In order to analyse ovarian tumour´s malignant potential, immunohistochemical markers can be used, such as anti-HER2 and anti-Ki-67. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of immunohistochemical markers HER-2 and Ki-67 in granulosa cell tumour from bitches´ ovaries. In HER-2 immunomarker analysis using the HercepTest^® method, most tumours were classified as 2+ (moderate labelling). Concerning Ki-67 immunomarker, only one case was described as having a high proliferative index. An association was found between immunostained cell percentage by anti-HER-2 antibodies and high pleomorphism, represented by the pattern of follicular/trabecular tumour arrangement. There was no correlation between anti-Ki-67 and anti-HER-2 antibody immunostaining intensities, probably due to only one case with a high Ki-67 index. With an effective protocol for HER-2 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical identification in granulosa cell tumours in bitches, it was possible to characterize this neoplasm proliferation profile.  相似文献   

原产地和入侵地紫茎泽兰对泽兰实蝇寄生的耐受性及其生理响应          下载免费PDF全文

孙昂  和淑琪  陈亚平  卢元顺  赵文杰  段艳茹  桂富荣 《南方农业学报》2020,51(5):1128-1135

[目的]研究入侵植物紫茎泽兰对专食性天敌泽兰实蝇寄生的耐受性并探讨其入侵前后的生理响应,为紫茎泽兰的生物防治提供理论依据.[方法]泽兰实蝇寄生后,于初现羽化窗时测量紫茎泽兰原产地(墨西哥)和入侵地(中国)种群叶片脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性等生理指标;全部羽化后测定并计算紫茎泽兰的株高、总生物量、根冠比和比茎长等生长指标,比较分析泽兰实蝇寄生后不同种群紫茎泽兰的抗性和耐受性.[结果]在泽兰实蝇寄生条件下,入侵地紫茎泽兰的总生物量、茎生物量比和根冠比较原产地种群分别显著升高37.80%、15.38%和21.77%(P<0.05,下同);入侵地紫茎泽兰PAL、POD和SOD活性分别较原产地显著降低46.91%、46.60%和37.52%,而PPO活性与原产地紫茎泽兰无显著差异(P>0.05);同时,入侵地紫茎泽兰的Pro和MDA含量分别较原产地显著增加66.30%和145.08%.[结论]入侵后紫茎泽兰的资源分配策略发生改变,入侵地紫茎泽兰种群对泽兰实蝇寄生的耐受性增强,对泽兰实蝇的防御响应有所降低,防御策略发生改变.  相似文献   

Supplemental effect of cholyltaurine and soybean lecithin to a soybean meal-based fish meal-free diet on hepatic and intestinal morphology of rainbow trout <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oncorhynchus mykiss</Emphasis>     

Yasuro Iwashita  Nobuhiro Suzuki  Takeshi Yamamoto  Jun-ichirou Shibata  Keiichirou Isokawa  Ang H Soon  Yuto Ikehata  Hirofumi Furuita  Tsuyoshi Sugita  Takanobu Goto 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1083-1095

The supplemental effects of cholyltaurine and soybean lecithin to a defatted soybean meal (SBM)-based fish meal-free diet on the hepatic and intestinal morphology of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were investigated. A fish meal-based diet (FM), three fish meal-free diets supplemented either with soybean lecithin (SL), bovine gall powder (BG) or cholyltaurine (C-tau) and an unsupplemented fish meal-free diet (NFM), were given to fish (−11 g) for 10 weeks. The growth was the lowest in fish fed diet NFM, intermediate in fish fed diet SL and the highest in fish fed diet FM, BG and C-tau. Hepatocytes of fish fed diet NFM were atrophied, and the distal intestine of these fish showed abnormal features: disintegrated microvilli and fatty degeneration in epithelial cells and increased amount of connective tissue in the submucosa. Hepatic and intestinal histological features in fish fed diets SL, BG and C-tau were similar to those in fish fed diet FM. These results indicate that soybean lecithin, bovine bile salts and cholyltaurine have similar effects on normalizing the hepatic and intestinal morphologies of rainbow trout fed the SBM-based diet, although growth promotion effect was limited in the soybean lecithin.  相似文献   

不同生长阶段兰州鲇消化酶活性的比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王远吉  任晓月  冯占虎  齐昂  邱小琮 《水生态学杂志》2009,30(1):54-57

测定了不同生长阶段兰州鲇(Silurus lanzhotaensis)胃、肝胰脏、前肠、中肠、后肠的蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活性.结果表明,兰州鲇蛋白酶活性大小为:前肠>中肠>后肠>肝胰脏>胃,阶段1[体重(51.9±6.0)g]>阶段2[体重(228.6±16.6)g]>阶段3[体重(448.9±26.5)g],且差异显著;淀粉酶活性:肝胰脏>胃>前肠>中肠>后肠,阶段1>阶段2>阶段3,差算显著;脂肪酶活性大小为:后肠>中肠>前肠>肝胰脏>胃,但各阶段差异不显著.随着年龄的增长,兰州鲇对蛋白质和碳水化合物的消化能力逐渐减弱.  相似文献   

Repeated physical disturbances and the stability of sub‐tropical coral communities in Hong Kong,China     

Tze‐Wai Tam  Put O. Ang Jr 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2008,18(6):1005-1024

• 1. This paper reports on the dynamics of the coral community structure at A Ma Wan (AMW) and A Ye Wan (AYW) in Tung Ping Chau, Hong Kong, focusing on data collected before and after the summer typhoon seasons in 1997 to 1999. This period (1999) experienced the highest frequency of severe tropical cyclones to hit Hong Kong with one cyclone being the strongest to hit in the last 23 years (1984 to 2006).
• 2. This is part of a long‐term monitoring programme of subtropical coral communities that has been set up in AMW since May 1997 and AYW since May 1998 with nine fixed position 40 m long transects and 0.5 m × 0.5 m permanent quadrats laid at 5 m intervals along each transect. A total of 45 scleractinian coral species from 21 genera (12 families) was recorded, with 40 species in AMW and 32 species in AYW recorded at the beginning of the study.
• 3. Multidimensional scaling ordinations showed distinct spatial variations in the coral communities within and between sites. These variations were probably a result of the differential effects of the repeated cyclone impacts on the communities. Cyphastrea serailia, Goniopora lobata, Montipora peltiformis and Pavona decussata were the dominant species most strongly affected by cyclone impacts at AMW, experiencing a 6.2–16.2% loss of mean area cover during the study period. Some dominant species (e.g. P. decussata) in AYW also experienced a 6.5–14.3% loss of mean area cover within the same period.
• 4. Overall, these coral community structures appeared relatively stable and resistant to repeated physical disturbances. However, they may have low resilience towards more severe disturbances in the future. Preserving the resilience of coral communities/species in Tung Ping Chau should be one of the main goals of coral conservation strategies for the island.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

槟榔间作香露兜对香露兜光合特性和香气成分的影响     

鱼欢  钟壹鸣  吉训志  张昂  唐瑾暄  李金双  邓文明  宗迎  秦晓威 《热带作物学报》2022,43(4):779-787

为了研究槟榔与香露兜间作后香露兜叶片光合特性及香气成分变化,通过田间试验,比较槟榔间作香露兜处理和香露兜单作对照在叶片的光合特性和香气成分等差异。结果表明,处理叶片的净光合速率显著增加,叶片温度显著降低,叶片净光合速率和叶温间负相关关系达到显著水平;处理和对照叶片中共鉴定出9类31种香气成分,其中处理叶片的大量香气成分如角鲨烯、叶绿醇、新植二烯、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮、丙酮醇以及特征香气成分2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉等17种共有香气成分含量显著高于对照,丙酮酸甲酯和呋喃酮含量显著低于对照;叶片香气成分中角鲨烯和3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮含量与净光合速率呈显著正相关关系,2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、角鲨烯、叶绿醇、新植二烯、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、3-甲基-2-(5H)-呋喃酮以及丙酮醇等挥发性香气成分含量均与叶片温度呈极显著负相关关系。由此可见,槟榔间作香露兜能提高香露兜叶片的净光合速率并降低叶片温度,进而提高主要香气成分含量和提升香露兜叶片品质,可为槟榔林下间作香露兜高效栽培模式的推广应用提供理论支撑。  相似文献