Spermatic and oxidative profile of domestic cat (Felis catus) epididymal sperm subjected to different cooling times (24, 48 and 72 hours)          下载免费PDF全文

DSR Angrimani  KK Nagai  BR Rui  LC Bicudo  JDA Losano  MM Brito  MCP Francischini  M Nichi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):163-170

Cooling stored epididymal samples for several days allows facilities to transport and process genetic material post‐mortem. Improvements to this practice allow the preservation of sperm from domestic cats, which are the ideal study model for wild felids. However, the modifications in spermatic features and the oxidative profile are not fully understood in cats. This information is necessary for the development of biotechniques, such as new extenders for cryopreservation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the spermatic and oxidative profile in samples from the epididymal cauda of domestic cats cooled at 5°C for 24, 48 and 72 hr. Spermatozoa were collected from the epididymis cauda. Evaluations consisted of computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA), plasma membrane integrity (eosin/nigrosin), acrosome integrity (fast green/rose bengal), sperm morphology, sperm DNA integrity (toluidine blue), mitochondrial activity (3′3 diaminobenzidine), activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), measurement of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and protein oxidation. A decrease in sperm motility parameters was observed after 72 hr of cooling (i.e. total and progressive) with a higher percentage of minor (37.7 ± 6.3%) and total defects (53.4 ± 6.3%). Additionally, a decrease in high mitochondrial activity (Class I: 16.6 ± 2.2%) occurred after 72 hr. The decrease in motility rates after a long cooling time probably was caused by the increase in sperm abnormalities. A long cooling time causes cold shock and mitochondrial exhaustion, but there was no observed change with the oxidative stress condition. Therefore, cat epididymal sperm stored at 5°C appear to maintain a high quality for up to 48 hr of cooling time.  相似文献   

A fast,low‐cost and efficient method for the diagnosis of sperm DNA fragmentation in several species          下载免费PDF全文

BR Rui  DSR Angrimani  LC Bicudo  JDA Losano  M Nichi  RJG Pereira 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):171-175

Sperm DNA fragmentation is a condition that interferes directly in the reproductive efficiency. Currently, there are several methods for assessing the sperm DNA integrity, such as Alkaline Comet, TUNEL and Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay. However, many of these techniques are laborious and require high‐precision equipment. Thus, the development of new techniques can optimize the evaluation of sperm DNA damage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to standardize the toluidine blue (TB) stain technique for the analysis of DNA fragmentation of dog, cat, bull, stallion and ram spermatozoa. For this purpose, we used six animals of each specie (n = 30), in reproductive age. Sperm was collected by different methods according to the particularities of each species, and such samples were divided into two aliquots: a sperm sample was kept at 5°C (considered as intact sperm DNA), and the remaining samples were submitted to the induction of DNA fragmentation by exposure to ultraviolet light for 4 hr. Samples were then mixed with the intact sample to obtain known and progressive proportions of sperm with fragmented DNA (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Semen smears were performed and subjected to staining with TB. Blue‐stained spermatozoa were considered to have DNA fragmentation. We observed high linear regression coefficients between the expected proportion of damaged DNA and the results of TB for dog, cat, ram, bull and stallion samples. In conclusion, TB stain was considered a fast and effective technique for the study of spermatozoa DNA in several species.  相似文献   

Effects of vaccination against brucellosis and clostridia on the intake,performance, feeding behavior,blood parameters,and immune responses of dairy heifers calves     

Hilton C Diniz Neto  Mayara C Lombardi  Mariana M Campos  Andrey P Lage  Rodrigo O S Silva  Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles  Camila Flvia A Lage  Wanessa A Carvalho  Fernanda S Machado  Luiz Gustavo R Pereira  Thierry R Tomich  Carolina P Ramos  Ronnie A Assis  Francisco Carlos F Lobato  Jordana A Santana  Ethiene Luiza S Santos  Rafaella S Andrade  Sandra G Coelho 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(5)

The aim of this study was to identify possible effects of different vaccination strategies (concomitantly or not) against brucellosis and clostridia on intake, performance, feeding behavior, blood parameters, and immune responses of dairy heifers calves. Fifty heifers calves were enrolled [38 Gyr (Zebu, Bos taurus indicus) and 12 5/8 Holstein Gyr]. At 120 d of age, animals were randomly distributed among 3 groups: B (n = 18), vaccinated against brucellosis; C (n = 14), vaccinated against clostridia and CB (n = 18), vaccinated concomitantly for both. Rectal and thermographic temperatures were evaluated on days 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7,10, 14, and 28 relatives to the vaccination day. Feed and water intake, body weight (BW), and feeding behavior were monitored daily by an electronic feeding system. Blood was sampled on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28, relative to the vaccination day for determination of glucose and -hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations. Blood sampled on day 0 (prevaccination) and on days 28 and 42 were used to evaluate the immune response against Brucella abortus and clostridia. There was an increase in rectal temperature between the first and the third day postvaccination in the 3 groups. The thermography revealed an increase of local temperature for 7 d on groups B and CB. Group C had increased local temperature for a longer period, lasting for up to 14 d. Dry mater intake was reduced for groups B and CB, but no alteration was observed for group C. No alterations regarding initial BW, final BW, average daily weight gain, and feed efficiency were observed. No differences were observed for the 3 vaccination groups for blood parameters throughout the evaluation period. The concomitant vaccination against brucellosis and clostridia led to lower neutralizing antibody titers against epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens and botulinum toxin type C of C. botulinum (C > CB > B). When cellular proliferation assay and serological tests to B. abortus were evaluated, no differences were observed between groups B and CB. The present results indicate that the concomitant vaccination against brucellosis and clostridia has no relevant impact on the intake, performance, and feeding behavior of dairy calves. However, the concomitant vaccination of vaccines against these 2 pathogens impacts animal immunity against clostridial infections.  相似文献   

Ovicidal lectins from Moringa oleifera and Myracrodruon urundeuva cause alterations in chorionic surface and penetrate the embryos of Aedes aegypti eggs     

Robson RV Alves  Tatiana Soares  Elinaldo FL Bento  Ricardo S Roldan‐Filho  Brbara SS Souza  Marcele KN Lima  Jssica S Nascimento  Luana CBB Coelho  Roberto A S  Thmarah A Lima  Gabriel GA Gonalves  Fbio A Brayner  Luiz C Alves  Daniela MAF Navarro  Thiago H Napoleo  Patrícia MG Paiva 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):730-736

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Depletion study and estimation of withdrawal periods for florfenicol and florfenicol amine in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)          下载免费PDF全文

Tamires Valim Marques  Jonas Augusto Rizzato Paschoal  Rafael Simões Coelho Barone  José Eurico Possebon Cyrino  Susanne Rath 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(1):111-119

The intensive production of farmed fish is at a global all‐time high, and the control of bacteria proliferation in fish farms requires the frequent use of antimicrobials. This practice raises important environmental concerns related to the emergence of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria strains. Only a few antimicrobial drugs have been approved for use in aquaculture, one of which is florfenicol. This work studies the depletion and withdrawal period of florfenicol and its main metabolite, florfenicol amine, in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), a neotropical characin widely farmed in the southern hemisphere. Juvenile pacu (average weight of 724 g) were stocked in a closed‐loop laboratory system with controlled water temperature (25.8°C), and were fed for 10 consecutive days with a diet containing an intended dose of 10 mg/florfenicol per kg bw. Muscle and skin tissues were collected at 1, 3, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 16 days post‐treatment, and florfenicol and florfenicol amine were quantified using a validated ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) method. The limits of quantitation for florfenicol and florfenicol amine were 10 ng/g in muscle and 50 ng/g in skin. Considering a maximum residue limit of 1000 ng/g for the sum of florfenicol and florfenicol amine in muscle with skin in natural proportions a withdrawal period of 5 days (water temperature 25.8°C) or 129 degree days was calculated on the basis of the upper limit of the one‐sided 95% confidence interval for the 99^th percentile derived from the residue depletion study.  相似文献   

Effects of 17/0 circle hooks and bait on fish catches in a Southern Atlantic swordfish longline fishery          下载免费PDF全文

Sérgio Amorim  Miguel N. Santos  Rui Coelho  Joana Fernandez‐Carvalho 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2015,25(4):518-533

Effects of Angular Leaf Spot and Rust on Yield Loss of Phaseolus vulgaris     

de Jesus WC  do Vale FX  Coelho RR  Hau B  Zambolim L  Costa LC  Filho AB 《Phytopathology》2001,91(11):1045-1053

ABSTRACT Three field experiments were conducted in 1997, 1998, and 1999 to investigate the effects of angular leaf spot and rust, separately or combined, on host growth and yield of individual bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris). In each experiment, three treatments were established by inoculating cv. Carioca with Phaeoisariopsis griseola, Uromyces appendiculatus, or with both pathogens. An additional control treatment was not inoculated, but was sprayed with a fungicide. In the 1997 and 1999 experiments, angular leaf spot reached higher disease levels than rust, whereas in 1998, rust was more severe than angular leaf spot. Host growth, expressed as healthy leaf area duration (HAD), and yield were the highest in 1997 and lowest in 1998. In each experiment, the treatments did not differ significantly to the area under leaf area progress curve, HAD, and healthy leaf area absorption (HAA). All inoculated treatments had significantly more severe disease and less yield than the control treatment. Based on the analysis of 60 plants in each experiment, yield was not related to the areas under disease progress curve for either or both diseases. In 1997 and 1999, yield was related to HAD (R(2) = 0.57 and 0.43) and HAA(R(2) = 0.60 and 0.55). Based on the combined analysis of all 36 plots, angular leaf spot reduced the leaf area because of defoliation, whereas rust did not affect the leaf area. Rust reduced yield more than four times that of angular leaf spot, although the decrease in photosynthesis to angular leaf spot was twice that of rust.  相似文献   

Disease Assessment Concepts and the Advancements Made in Improving the Accuracy and Precision of Plant Disease Data     

Forrest W. Nutter Jr  Paul D. Esker  Rosalee A. Coelho Netto 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2006,115(1):95-103

New concepts in phytopathometry continue to emerge, such as the evolution of the concept of pathogen intensity versus the well-established concept of disease intensity. The concept of pathogen severity, defined as the quantitative measurement of the amount of pathogen per sampling unit has also emerged in response to the now commonplace development of quantitative molecular detection tools. Although the concept of disease severity, i.e., the amount of disease per sampling unit, is a well-established concept, the accuracy and precision of visual estimates of disease severity is often questioned. This article will review disease assessment concepts, as well as the methods and assessment aides currently available to improve the accuracy and precision of visually-based disease severity data. The accuracy and precision of visual disease severity assessments can be improved by quantitatively measuring and comparing the accuracy and precision of rates and/or assessment methods using linear regression, by using computer-based disease assessment training programmes, and by developing and using diagrammatic keys (standard area diagrams).  相似文献   

Seed development of Araucaria angustifolia: plant hormones and germinability in 2 years of seeds production     

Shibata  Marília  Coelho  Cileide M. M.  de Garighan  Julio A.  dos Santos  Henrique P.  Araldi  Cristhyane G.  Maraschin  Marcelo 《New Forests》2021,52(5):759-775

New Forests - During seed development, plant hormones are involved in processes such as the accumulation of reserves, cellular activity and physiological responses. The present study aimed to...  相似文献   

Kisspeptin,c‐Fos and CRFR Type 2 Co‐expression in the Hypothalamus after Insulin‐Induced Hypoglycaemia     

C Fergani  JE Routly  DN Jones  LC Pickavance  RF Smith  H Dobson 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(3):433-440

Normal reproductive function is dependent upon availability of glucose and insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia is a metabolic stressor known to disrupt the ovine oestrous cycle. We have recently shown that IIH has the ability to delay the LH surge of intact ewes. In the present study, we examined brain tissue to determine: (i) which hypothalamic regions are activated with respect to IIH and (ii) the effect of IIH on kisspeptin cell activation and CRFR type 2 immunoreactivity, all of which may be involved in disruptive mechanisms. Follicular phases were synchronized with progesterone vaginal pessaries and at 28 h after progesterone withdrawal (PW), animals received saline (n = 6) or insulin (4 IU/kg; n = 5) and were subsequently killed at 31 h after PW (i.e., 3 h after insulin administration). Peripheral hormone concentrations were evaluated, and hypothalamic sections were immunostained for either kisspeptin and c‐Fos (a marker of neuronal activation) or CRFR type 2. Within 3 h of treatment, cortisol concentrations had increased whereas plasma oestradiol concentrations decreased in peripheral plasma (p < 0.05 for both). In the arcuate nucleus (ARC), insulin‐treated ewes had an increased expression of c‐Fos. Furthermore, the percentage of kisspeptin cells co‐expressing c‐Fos increased in the ARC (from 11 to 51%; p < 0.05), but there was no change in the medial pre‐optic area (mPOA; 14 vs 19%). CRFR type 2 expression in the lower part of the ARC and the median eminence was not altered by insulin treatment. Thus, disruption of the LH surge after IIH in the follicular phase is not associated with decreased kisspeptin cell activation or an increase in CRFR type 2 in the ARC but may involve other cell types located in the ARC nucleus which are activated in response to IIH.  相似文献