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1.
仔猪球虫病的最新资料 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
由于在仔猪球虫病发病、诊断、危害和防制方面的新发现，现在饲养和兽医对此病比以往任何时候都了解得更多。 相似文献
2.
Using the soil gas radon as an indicator for ground contamination by non-aqueous phase-liquids 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Michael Schubert Klaus Freyer Hans-Christian Treutler Holger Weiß 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2001,1(4):217-222
1 The Problem One of the major problems facing risk assessment at polluted industrial sites and military bases is subsurface contamination
by non-aqueous phase-liquids (NAPLs), since tracing the extent of a NAPL plume using conventional methods (drive point profiling)
is usually associated with difficulties. In an effort to trace subsurface contamination as precisely as possible, monitoring
points are placed in the area that might be affected by contaminants, and groundwater and soil samples are taken to the laboratory
for analysis. However, the final number of monitoring points is hardly ever sufficient for distinctive contamination mapping,
and this may ultimately result in an unsuitable remediation action being taken.
2 Objectives To obtain a more detailed image of a subsurface NAPL plume and, hence, to facilitate remediation measures that are best suited
for the site in question, a denser network of monitoring points is desirable. The aim of the investigation described in this
paper was therefore to develop a new detection method for subsurface NAPL contamination, which is based on an easily accessibleindicator for NAPLs rather than on the analysis of soil and groundwater samples taken at the site. Based on the good solubility of
radon in NAPLs, the idea was put forward that subsurface NAPL contamination should have an influence on the natural radon
concentration of the soil gas. Provided this effect is significant, it would be possible to carry out a straightforward radon
survey on an appropriate sampling grid covering the suspected site and thus enabling the NAPL contamination to be detected
by the localization of anomalous low radon concentrations in the soil. The overall aim of the investigation was to assess
the general suitability of the soil-gas radon concentration as an indirect tracer for NAPL contamination in the ground.
3 Methods The partitioning coefficient KNAPL/air is one of the most influential parameters governing the decrease of the radon concentration in the soil gas in the presence
of a subsurface NAPL contamination. Since NAPL mixtures such as gasoline, diesel fuel and paraffin are among the most important
NAPLs regarding remediation activities, laboratory experiments were performed to determine the radon-partitioning coefficient
for these three NAPL mixtures.
Field experiments were carried out as well. The aim of the field experiments was to test the use of the soil-gas radon concentration
as a tracer for NAPL contamination on-site. For the field experiments, each site was covered with a suitable grid of soil
gas sampling points. Finally, the lateral radon distribution pattern achieved on each of the sites was compared to the respective
findings of the earlier research performed by conventional means.
4 Results and Discussion The results of the laboratory experiments clearly show a very strong affinity of radon to the NAPL mixtures examined. The
partitioning coefficients achieved correspond to those published for pure NAPLs (Clever 1979) and are thus in the expected
range. The results of the field experiments showed that the minimum radon concentrations detected match the respective NAPL
plumes traced previously.
5 Conclusions Both the results of the lab experiments and the on-site findings demonstrate that the soil-gas radon concentration can be
used as an indicator for subsurface NAPL contamination. The investigation showed that NAPL-contaminated soil volumes give
rise to anomalous low soil-gas radon concentrations in the close vicinity of the contamination. The reason for this decrease
in the soil-gas radon concentration is the good solubility of radon in NAPLs, which enables the NAPLs to accumulate and ‘trap’
part of the radon available in the soil pores.
6 Recommendations and Outlook Further research is required into contamination with rather volatile NAPLs such as BTEX. Further research is also needed to
examine whether it is possible to not only localize a NAPL plume, but also to obtain some quantitative information about the
subsurface NAPL contamination. The authors also believe that additional investigations should be carried out to study the
ability of the method to not just localize a NAPL contamination, but also to monitor on-site, clean-up measures. 相似文献
3.
CX3CR1-mediated dendritic cell access to the intestinal lumen and bacterial clearance 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Niess JH Brand S Gu X Landsman L Jung S McCormick BA Vyas JM Boes M Ploegh HL Fox JG Littman DR Reinecker HC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5707):254-258
Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages are critical to innate and adaptive immunity to the intestinal bacterial microbiota. Here, we identify a myeloid-derived mucosal DC in mice, which populates the entire lamina propria of the small intestine. Lamina propria DCs were found to depend on the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 to form transepithelial dendrites, which enable the cells to directly sample luminal antigens. CX3CR1 was also found to control the clearance of entero-invasive pathogens by DCs. Thus, CX3CR1-dependent processes, which control host interactions of specialized DCs with commensal and pathogenic bacteria, may regulate immunological tolerance and inflammation. 相似文献
4.
The amygdalohippocampal circuit plays a pivotal role in Pavlovian fear memory. We simultaneously recorded electrical activity in the lateral amygdala (LA) and the CA1 area of the hippocampus in freely behaving fear-conditioned mice. Patterns of activity were related to fear behavior evoked by conditioned and indifferent sensory stimuli and contexts. Rhythmically synchronized activity at theta frequencies increased between the LA and the CA1 after fear conditioning and became significant during confrontation with conditioned fear stimuli and expression of freezing behavior. Synchronization of theta activities in the amygdalohippocampal network represents a neuronal correlate of conditioned fear, apt to improve neuronal communication during memory retrieval. 相似文献
5.
猪等孢球虫感染引起的球虫病 ,通常发生于8～ 1 5日龄的仔猪。对该病的研究结果表明仔猪球虫病的流行比人们想象的要常见得多。1 寄生性原虫球虫是寄生于细胞内的原虫 ,包括艾美耳属、新孢子虫属、住肉孢子虫属、弓形虫属和等孢属。常见的感染或临床症状包括鸡的血便 (柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染引起的盲肠出血性球虫病 )和龚地弓形虫引起的人和动物的弓形虫病 ,猫在弓形虫病的发生中起着重要作用。等孢属球虫感染猪、犬、猫的临床表现为腹泻。此属球虫感染具有很强的宿主特异性 ,例如 ,仔猪对猪等孢球虫易感。2 生活史猪等孢球虫在动物宿主和环… 相似文献
6.
上一篇文章“Don’tforgetpigletcoccidiosis”(见本刊 2 0 0 1年第三期 52～ 53页──《猪与禽》杂志编者注 )是关于猪等孢球虫病系列文章的导言。猪等孢球虫病越来越被人们承认是仔猪腹泻的重要病因。要对此病进行治疗 ,首先要依赖于对此病的认识和诊断 相似文献
7.
Thomas Eckert Mahena Jhrling-Butkus Helen Louton Monika Burg-Roderfeld Ruiyan Zhang Ning Zhang Karsten Hesse Athanasios K. Petridis Tibor Kor Jürgen Steinmeyer Roland Schauer Peter Engelhard Anna Kozarova John W. Hudson Hans-Christian Siebert 《Marine drugs》2021,19(10)
Osteoarthritis belongs to the most common joint diseases in humans and animals and shows increased incidence in older patients. The bioactivities of collagen hydrolysates, sulfated glucosamine and a special fatty acid enriched dog-food were tested in a dog patient study of 52 dogs as potential therapeutic treatment options in early osteoarthritis. Biophysical, biochemical, cell biological and molecular modeling methods support that these well-defined substances may act as effective nutraceuticals. Importantly, the applied collagen hydrolysates as well as sulfated glucosamine residues from marine organisms were strongly supported by both an animal model and molecular modeling of intermolecular interactions. Molecular modeling of predicted interaction dynamics was evaluated for the receptor proteins MMP-3 and ADAMTS-5. These proteins play a prominent role in the maintenance of cartilage health as well as innate and adapted immunity. Nutraceutical data were generated in a veterinary clinical study focusing on mobility and agility. Specifically, key clinical parameter (MMP-3 and TIMP-1) were obtained from blood probes of German shepherd dogs with early osteoarthritis symptoms fed with collagen hydrolysates. Collagen hydrolysate, a chondroprotective food supplement was examined by high resolution NMR experiments. Molecular modeling simulations were used to further characterize the interaction potency of collagen fragments and glucosamines with protein receptor structures. Potential beneficial effects of collagen hydrolysates, sulfated glycans (i.e., sulfated glucosamine from crabs and mussels) and lipids, especially, eicosapentaenoic acid (extracted from fish oil) on biochemical and physiological processes are discussed here in the context of human and veterinary medicine. 相似文献
8.
关于初生仔猪的球虫病 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
球虫病越来越被认为是哺乳仔猪腹泻的主要病因之一。随粪排出的卵囊会传播球虫感染。 相似文献
9.
Traute Jan?en Matthias Voss Michael Kühl Torsten Semmler Hans-Christian Philipp Christa Ewers 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infections re-emerged as a matter of great concern particularly in the poultry industry. In contrast to porcine isolates, molecular epidemiological traits of avian E. rhusiopathiae isolates are less well known. Thus, we aimed to (i) develop a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for E. rhusiopathiae, (ii) study the congruence of strain grouping based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and MLST, (iii) determine the diversity of the dominant immunogenic protein SpaA, and (iv) examine the distribution of genes putatively linked with virulence among field isolates from poultry (120), swine (24) and other hosts (21), including humans (3). Using seven housekeeping genes for MLST analysis we determined 72 sequence types (STs) among 165 isolates. This indicated an overall high diversity, though 34.5% of all isolates belonged to a single predominant ST-complex, STC9, which grouped strains from birds and mammals, including humans, together. PFGE revealed 58 different clusters and congruence with the sequence-based MLST-method was not common. Based on polymorphisms in the N-terminal hyper-variable region of SpaA the isolates were classified into five groups, which followed the phylogenetic background of the strains. More than 90% of the isolates harboured all 16 putative virulence genes tested and only intI, encoding an internalin-like protein, showed infrequent distribution. MLST data determined E. rhusiopathiae as weakly clonal species with limited host specificity. A common evolutionary origin of isolates as well as shared SpaA variants and virulence genotypes obtained from avian and mammalian hosts indicates common reservoirs, pathogenic pathways and immunogenic properties of the pathogen.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-015-0216-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献10.
集约化养猪生产使得象猪等孢球虫之类的病原容易发作并造成严重的危害 ,大多数猪场的产房条件都非常优越 ,温度、湿度等极利于球虫繁殖 ,乳猪也容易感染。球虫病是造成 7～ 1 4日龄间仔猪发生腹泻的主要原因。但由于重视不够、诊断不准 ,此病对生产造成严重的经济损失。1 球虫病对养猪生产的危害1球虫病导致的发病及死亡损失 ;2至断奶时 ,同窝仔猪发育不一致 ;3平均断奶体重下降 ;4继发细菌等感染而引起生病或死亡 ;5治疗本病及继发感染的开支 ;6消除被污染的圈舍工作量大 ,且不容易清洁。2 消除本病任重道远可用于猪场控制球虫病的方法有… 相似文献