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Identification of a putative regulator of early T cell activation genes 总被引：98，自引：0，他引：98
J P Shaw P J Utz D B Durand J J Toole E A Emmel G R Crabtree 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4862):202-205
Molecules involved in the antigen receptor-dependent regulation of early T cell activation genes were investigated with the use of functional sequences of the T cell activation-specific enhancer of interleukin-2 (IL-2). One of these sequences forms a protein complex, NFAT-1, specifically with nuclear extracts of activated T cells. This complex appeared 10 to 25 minutes before the activation of the IL-2 gene. Studies with inhibitors of protein synthesis indicated that the time of synthesis of the activator of the IL-2 gene in Jurkat T cells corresponds to the time of appearance of NFAT-1. NFAT-1, or a very similar protein, bound functional sequences of the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1; the LTR of this virus is known to be stimulated during early T cell activation. The binding site for this complex activated a linked promoter after transfection into antigen receptor-activated T cells but not other cell types. These characteristics suggest that NFAT-1 transmits signals initiated at the T cell antigen receptor. 相似文献
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Participation of phosphofructokinase,malate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase in capacitation and acrosome reaction of boar spermatozoa 
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下载免费PDF全文 E Breininger D Dubois VE Pereyra PC Rodriguez MM Satorre PD Cetica 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(5):731-740
The aim of this work was to determine the enzymatic activity of phosphofructokinase (PFK), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) in boar spermatozoa and study their participation in bicarbonate‐induced capacitation and follicular fluid‐induced acrosome reaction. Enzymatic activity of these enzymes was determined spectrophotometrically in extracts of boar spermatozoa. Sperm suspensions were incubated in the presence of bicarbonate (40 mM), a well‐known capacitation inducer, or follicular fluid (30%), as an acrosome reaction inducer, and different concentrations of oxoglutarate, oxalomalate and hydroxymalonate, inhibitors of PFK, IDH and MDH, respectively. Capacitation percentages were determined by the fluorescence technique of chlortetracycline (CTC), and true acrosome reaction was determined by trypan blue and differential–interferential contrast, optical microscopy. The activity of PFK in boar spermatozoa enzymatic extracts was 1.70 ± 0.19 U/1010 spermatozoa, the activity of NAD‐ and NADP‐dependent IDH was 0.111 ± 0.005 U/1010 and 2.22 ± 0.14 U/1010 spermatozoa, respectively, and the activity of MDH was 4.24 ± 0.38 U/1010 spermatozoa. The addition of the specific inhibitors of these enzymes prevented sperm capacitation and decreased sperm motility during capacitation and inhibited the acrosome reaction (AR), without affecting the sperm motility during this process. Our results demonstrate the participation of PFK, IDH and MDH in bicarbonate‐induced capacitation and follicular fluid‐induced acrosome reaction in boar spermatozoa, contributing to elucidate the mechanisms that produce energy necessary for these processes in porcine spermatozoa. 相似文献
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Emmel VE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1925,61(1580):393-396
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Dr. L. Emmel 《Journal of pest science》1958,31(8):121-123
Zusammenfassung Thiodan erwies sich zur Bekämpfung der Blutlaus (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm.) in Gewächshaus-Exaktversuchen als sehr gut geeignet. Selbst dort, wo bei niedrigem Spritzdruck (0,2, 0,1 atü) die Blutlauswolle erhalten blieb, gingen die Blutläuse sämtlich ein (0,01 bzw. 0,02% Wirkstoff). Es zeigte sich bei diesen Versuchen außerdem, daß Thiodan als ungefährlich für die Blutlauszehrwespe (Aphelinus mali) anzusehen ist, wenn parasitierte Blutläuse behandelt werden. 相似文献
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Cyclosporin A specifically inhibits function of nuclear proteins involved in T cell activation 总被引：79，自引：0，他引：79
E A Emmel C L Verweij D B Durand K M Higgins E Lacy G R Crabtree 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4937):1617-1620
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L. Emmel 《Journal of pest science》1961,34(11):167-170
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
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The Influence of Maca (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lepidium meyenii</Emphasis>) on Antioxidant Status,Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Rat 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Vecera R Orolin J Skottová N Kazdová L Oliyarnik O Ulrichová J Simánek V 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2007,62(2):59-63
This work focused on the effect of maca on lipid, anti-oxidative, and glucose parameters in hereditary hypertriglyceridemic
(HHTg) rat. Maca (1%) was administred to rats as a part of a high-sucrose diet (HSD) for 2 weeks. Rosiglitazone (0.02%) was
used as a positive control. Maca significantly decreased the levels of VLDL (very low density lipoproteins), LDL (low density
lipoproteins), and total cholesterol, and also the level of TAG (triacylglycerols) in the plasma, VLDL, and liver. Maca, as
well as rosiglitazone, significantly improved glucose tolerance, as the decrease of AUC (area under the curve) of glucose
showed, and lowered levels of glucose in blood. The activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) in the liver, the GPX (glutathione
peroxidase) in the blood, and the level of GSH (glutathione) in liver increased in all cases significantly. Results demonstrate
that maca seems to be promising for a positive influence on chronic human diseases (characterized by atherogenous lipoprotein
profile, aggravated antioxidative status, and impaired glucose tolerance), and their prevention. 相似文献