Plasma digoxin concentration in dogs with mitral regurgitation.     

Y Nagashima  H Hirao  S Furukawa  K Hoshi  M Akahane  R Tanaka  Y Yamane 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(11):1199-1202

Fifteen and eight mature beagles, without (normal group) and with experimental mitral regurgitation (MR group), respectively, were given 0.02 mg/kg/day digoxin powder for 10 days orally. The optimum time for sample collection after administration of digoxin was observed to be 8-18 hr and 10-22 hr in the normal and MR groups, respectively. In both groups, a stable concentration was reached after 3-5 days of treatment. No differences in plasma level were observed between sexes. The optimum concentration of digoxin was attained at an earlier stage than has been previously reported for both dogs and humans.  相似文献   

Manoalide derivatives from a marine sponge Luffariella sp. collected in Palau     

Michio  NAMIKOSHI  Shigeo  SUZUKI  Shiori  MEGURO  Hiroshi  NAGAI  Yoshio  KOIKE  Akira  KITAZAWA  Hisayoshi  KOBAYASHI  Taiko  ODA  Junko  YAMADA 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(1):152-158

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Immunohistochemical study on the delayed progression of epithelial apoptosis in follicle-associated epithelium of rat Peyer's patch     

Onishi S  Miyata H  Inamoto T  Qi WM  Yamamoto K  Yokoyama T  Warita K  Hoshi N  Kitagawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(11):1123-1129

It is well known that some caspases in apoptosis is involved in determinant of terminal differentiation and maturation of various cells. Our previous study ultrastructurally clarified the differentiation into M cells from immature microvillous epithelial cells and the redifferentiation from M cells to microvillous epithelial cells in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of rat Peyer's patch. In this study, the difference of epithelial apoptosis between the FAE of Peyer's patch and intestinal villi was immunohistochemically investigated in rat jejunoileum. As a result, cleaved caspase-3 was limited to several epithelial cells at the tip of FAE, whereas almost all of the epithelial cells were cleaved caspase-3 positive in intestinal villi. Cleaved caspase-9 was detected only in a few exfoliating or exfoliated epithelial cells of both FAE and intestinal villi. Nuclear DNA-fragmentation was detected only in several epithelial cells of the tip of FAE, while it was expressed from the middle regions in the intestinal villi. The DNase I expression of the epithelial cytoplasm was much weaker in FAE than in intestinal villi. Bcl-x expression was restricted in the apical cytoplasms of epithelial cells in the FAE, whereas it was restricted in whole cytoplasms in villous epithelial cells. These findings suggest that the progression of the apoptotic process in the epithelial cells of FAE is later than in the intestinal villi, so that the possibility of epithelial differentiation might be remained in the FAE, unlike in the intestinal villi.  相似文献   

Relationship between serum TNF activity and insulin resistance in dairy cows affected with naturally occurring fatty liver   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ohtsuka H  Koiwa M  Hatsugaya A  Kudo K  Hoshi F  Itoh N  Yokota H  Okada H  Kawamura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(9):1021-1025

To clarity the relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and insulin resistance in dairy cows affected with fatty liver, naturally occurring cases were investigated. The affected cows were classified into following three groups according to histopathologic findings of the liver: mild fat droplet deposition (group 1; n=11), severe fat droplet deposition (group 2; n=10), and cloudy swelling (group 3; n=8). Serum TNF activities in Group 2 (8.67 +/- 2.16 U/ml) and Group 3 (11.65 +/- 1.92 U/ml) were significantly higher than that in Group 1 (3.57 +/- 0.81 U/ml) (p<0.05). The insulin-tolerance tests showed that the insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rates (GDR) in Group 2 (27.6 +/- 7.8%) and Group 3 (15.8 +/- 9.1%) were significantly lower than that in Group 1 (41.7 +/- 9.8%). There was a significant negative correlation between serum TNF activity and GDR in affected cows (r=-0.56, p<0.01). These results indicate that serum TNF activity is correlated with insulin resistance in cows with fatty liver.  相似文献   

Comparison of adjuvants with respect to serum IgG antibody response in orally immunized chickens   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Hoshi S  Uchino A  Saito N  Kusanagi KI  Ihara T  Ueda S 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1999,22(1):63-69

We have previously shown that oral immunization with non-replicating antigens hardly induced serum IgG antibody response in chickens and addition of sodium fluoride (NaF) to the immunogen markedly improved their immunological states. In the present study, taurine, lithium and Quillaja saponin (Q-SAP) were compared with NaF with respect to their enhancement of serum IgG antibody response in chickens after oral immunization. The antibody titer of chickens which received Q-SAP as the mucosal adjuvant tended to be higher than that of chickens which received antigen plus NaF. Simultaneous administration of antigen with lithium or taurine elicited a higher antibody titer in chickens compared to those of chickens orally immunized with antigen alone, but the effect of these two adjuvants was less efficient compared with that of NaF. These results suggested that Q-SAP as well as NaF is useful as an oral adjuvant for chickens.  相似文献   

Evaluation of bovine embryos produced in high performance serum-free media     

Abe H  Hoshi H 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2003,49(3):193-202

This review evaluates the quality of bovine embryos developed from in vitro-matured (IVM) and -fertilized (IVF) oocytes cultured in either serum-free or serum-containing media. Bovine embryos cultured in serum-supplemented medium contain numerous cytoplasmic lipid droplets and immature mitochondria compared to those cultured in serum-free medium. The accumulation of cytoplasmic lipids in embryos developed in serum-containing medium may be a result of incorporation of lipoproteins from the serum and may result in impaired function of mitochondria. The improved serum-free media (IVMD101 and IVD101) offer several advantages over culture in serum-containing medium, including increased rates of blastocyst formation and higher cell numbers. Additionally, the survival and hatching rates of embryos produced in serum-free media after post-thaw culture were superior to those of embryos produced in the serum-containing medium, suggesting that the abnormal accumulation of cytoplasmic lipids in embryos may have a negative effect on the sensitivity of embryos to chilling and freezing. These serum-free culture systems have proven to be beneficial for the production of good quality embryos from IVM-IVF bovine oocytes. Furthermore, recent studies have shown a correlation between mitochondrial function (oxygen consumption) and embryo quality. A new method using scanning electrochemical microscopy may be capable of assessing the viability and developmental potential of bovine embryos.  相似文献   

Comparison of extracapillary and endocapillary blood flow oxygenators for open heart surgery in dogs: efficiency of gas exchange and platelet conservation     

Hoshi K  Tanaka R  Shibazaki A  Nagashima Y  Hirao H  Namiki R  Takashima K  Noishiki Y  Yamane Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(3):357-361

The goal of the current study was to compare the efficiency of gas exchange and platelet conservation of a new extracapillary blood flow oxygenator versus an endocapillary blood flow oxygenator during open heart surgery with extracorporeal circulation in dogs. Dilation and remodeling of the right ventricular outflow tract of dogs was performed using a patch graft technique to simulate pulmonary stenosis. Sequential pre- and post-operative blood analysis revealed that gas exchange efficiency and platelet conservation was significantly greater with the extracapillary blood flow oxygenator than with the endocapillary blood flow oxygenator. However, the priming volume of the extracapillary blood flow oxygenator was significantly greater, leading to hemodilution. We conclude that while the extracapillary blood flow oxygenator provided benefits in terms of gas exchange and platelet conservation, development of a smaller extracapillary blood flow type oxygenator to reduce hemodilution effects would be beneficial.  相似文献   

Clinical evaluation of growth hormone secretion in cattle using insulin tolerance test     

Oguro M  Ishikawa H  Ohtsuka H  Hoshi F  Kawamura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(7):809-812

Growth hormone secretion was evaluated in cattle. Clinically healthy bovine growth hormone (bGH) concentrations were 10.7 +/- 1.6 ng/ml in Holstein and 7.8 +/- 3.9 ng/ml in Japanese black cattle. The bGH concentration alternated at three-hour intervals, and tended to be higher at midnight and lower in the morning and before feeding. Insulin tolerance test (ITT) at an insulin dosage of 0.25 U/kg showed a significant increase of bGH concentration to 331 +/- 153% at 60 to 90 min after injection. In ITT applied to five under-growth calves of Japanese black cattle, the basal bGH concentrations were lower and peak values after insulin injection were shown to be significantly low. The ITT is useful for the clinical examination of bGH secretion in cattle.  相似文献   

Gene constitution of South-East Asian native chickens, commercial chickens and jungle fowl using polymorphisms of four calpain genes     

Fumihiko OKUMURA  Takeshi SHIMOGIRI  Kotaro KAWABE  Shin OKAMOTO  Masahide NISHIBORI  Yoshio YAMAMOTO  Yoshizane MAEDA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(2):188-195

The gene constitution of polymorphisms of the four calpain genes (µ‐calpain, m‐calpain, p94, and µ/m‐calpain) were analyzed in South‐East Asian native chickens, White Leghorn and Broiler commercial chickens, and Red and Green jungle fowl. Polymorphisms were detected at all loci in chickens and Red jungle fowl, but only for CAPN1 (µ‐calpain gene) in Green jungle fowl. CAPN2 and CAPN1.5 are linked on chicken chromosome 3, and the genotype for these loci were treated as haplotype. Some combinations of calpain loci were tested using principal component analysis, and the best combination (CAPN1, CAPN3, and CAPN1.5) was determined. The proportion of polymorphic loci (P_poly) and heterozygosity (H?) were 1.00 and 0.316–0.465 in domestic chickens and red jungle fowl, and 0.33 and 0.137 in Green jungle fowl, respectively. G_ST values suggested that the degree of subdivision among native chickens was relatively low except for Thailand, which was highest. Pair‐wise F_ST testing, dendrogram and principal component analysis from the results of calpain loci showed that the four South‐East Asian native and commercial chicken populations were close genetically.  相似文献   

Spatially distributed morphological characteristics of macropores in forest soils of Hitachi Ohta Experimental Watershed, Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shoji Noguchi  Yoshio Tsuboyama  Roy C. Sidle  Ikuhiro Hosoda 《Journal of Forest Research》1997,2(4):207-215

Morphological characteristics of macropores in forest soil profiles were investigated at Hitachi Ohta Experimental Watershed in Japan. Nine individual profiles at different locations (various spatial scales in a catchment) and twenty profiles at one site (a small spatial scale) were excavated to the bedrock to investigate density, origin, diameter, direction, and gradient of macropores. Macropore densities in a soil profile ranged from 3.5 to 29.1 per m and from 5.4 to 75.1 per m², respectively. Subsurface erosion, root channels, and interactions between subsurface erosion and root channels accounted for 36.9, 36.5, and 19.0%, of the described macropores. The mean macropore diameter in organic-rich soil layer (17–20 mm) was larger than in the B horizon (11–14 mm) at both spatial scales. The dominant gradients of all macropores in the organic-rich soil layer and B horizon were at negative oblique angles. Approximately 90% of the macropores in the organic-rich soil layer and approximately 80% of the macropores in the B horizon fell within the range between −50 and 50 degree planar direction. Subsurface flow and root systems are believed to play important roles in determining the morphological characteristics of macropores. These characteristics appear to have variable influences in different soil horizons rather than at different spatial scales. A part of this paper was presented at the 103th (1992) and 105th (1994) Annual Meetings of Japanese Forestry Society.  相似文献