Studies on production performance and toxin residues in tissues and eggs of layer chickens fed on diets with various concentrations of aflatoxin AFB1   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pandey I  Chauhan SS 《British poultry science》2007,48(6):713-723

1. An experiment on 1-week-old, White Leghorn female chicks was conducted to study the effect of aflatoxin AFB1 on weight gain, feed intake, feed gain ratio, age at sexual maturity, production and quality of eggs, retention of nutrients, pathoanatomical and histopathological parameters, and also on AFB1 residues in eggs and muscles of hens. The chicks were assigned to 4 dietary treatments: D1 (without AFB1), D2 (2.50 mg/kg AFB1), D3 (3.13 mg/kg AFB1), D4 (3.91 mg/kg AFB1) up to the age of 40 weeks. 2. At the end of the experiment, the mean body weight gain and feed intake were significantly lower in all aflatoxin-fed groups compared to control. The feed gain ratios were noted as 13.41, 13.59, 13.82 and 14.71, with the group fed the highest concentration of AFB1 showing a significantly poorer ratio than other groups. 3. Age at sexual maturity was also affected adversely by dietary AFB1: 193 d for D4 as compared to as early as 148 d for D1. Hen-d egg production was recorded as 96.92, 74.67, 65.98 and 50.75 in D1, D2, D3 and D4, respectively. 4. Average egg weights at the end of the experiment were 57.77, 57.49, 57.54 and 54.66 for D1, D2, D3 and D4, respectively. Shape index was significantly lower in D4 as compared to control. Contrary to this, albumen index was significantly higher in D4 as compared to D1. The values of yolk indices and eggshell thickness did not differ significantly among treatment groups. However, colour of yolk was reduced in all aflatoxin-fed groups compared to control. 5. Retentions of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, calcium and metabolisable energy were adversely affected at various levels of AFB1 compared to control. 6. Pathoanatomical and histopathological studies showed various adverse changes in liver, kidney, heart, ovaries and bursa of Fabricius in AFB1-fed groups. 7. Different amounts of aflatoxin residues were detected in eggs and breast muscles of hen in all AFB1-fed groups.  相似文献   

Effect of epidermal growth factor on the cumulus expansion, meiotic maturation and development of buffalo oocytes in vitro     

Chauhan MS  Singla SK  Palta P  Manik RS  Madan ML 《The Veterinary record》1999,144(10):266-267

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A fatal cutaneous granuloma due to Entomophthora coronata in a mare   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

H V Chauhan  G L Sharma  D S Kalra  F C Malhotra  M P Kapur 《The Veterinary record》1973,92(16):425-427

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Deoxyribonuclease in buffalo and cattle bull semen.     

F S Chauhan  P K Dwarkanath  K K Vyas 《The Indian veterinary journal》1975,52(1):12-13

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Path coefficient analysis of correlation between breeding cycles of the common myna Acridotheres tristis (Passeriformes: Sturnidae) and its phthirapteran ectoparasites     

Srivastava R  Kumar S  Gupta N  Singh SK  Saxena AK 《Folia parasitologica》2003,50(4):315-316

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Genetic and physiological evidence for the production of N-acyl homoserine lactones by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and other fluorescent plant pathogenic Pseudomonas species     

C. Korsi Dumenyo  Asita Mukherjee  Wesley Chun  Arun K. Chatterjee 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(6):569-582

N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) function as cell density (quorum) sensing signals and regulate diverse metabolic processes in several gram negative bacteria. We report that strains of Pseudomonas syringae pvs. syringae (Pss), tabaci and tomato as well as P. corrugata and P. savastanoi produce difussible AHLs that activate the lux operons of Vibrio fischeri or the tra::lacZ fusion of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. In Pss strain B3A, AHL production occurs in cell density dependent manner. Nucleotide sequence and genetic complementation data revealed the presence of ahlI_Pss, a luxI homolog within the Ahl⁺ DNA of Pss strain B3A. The DNA expresses in AHL-deficient strains of P. fluorescens and E. carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc), and restores extracellular enzyme production and pathogenicity in the Ecc strain. The derivatives of Pss strains B3A and 301D carrying chromosomal ahlI::lacZ do not produce AHL, but like their wild type parents, produce extracellular protease and the phytotoxin syringomycin as well as elicit the hypersensitive reaction in tobacco leaves. While these strains also produce a basal level of -galactosidase activity, the expression of ahlI::lacZ is substantially stimulated in the presence of multiple copies of the DNA or by the addition of cell-free spent cultures containing AHL. The activation of -galactosidase production occurs with spent cultures of some, but not all Pseudomonas strains which produce AHL as indicated by the Lux and tra::lacZ assays. Pss strains deficient in the global regulatory genes, gacA or lemA, produce very low levels of AHL. Since inactivation of ahlI_Pss eliminates AHL production and since Ahl⁺ Pseudomonas strains carry the homolog of ahlI_Pss, we conclude that ahlI_Pss specifies a key step in AHL biosynthesis and it has been conserved in many plant pathogenic pseudomonads.  相似文献   

Evaluation of cell-mediated immunity during chronic organophosphate pesticide intoxication in mice and goats     

G J Jha  L M Mahto  R K Tamang  M K Gupta  H V Chauhan 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1990,38(1-2):55-60

The status of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) after pesticide exposure was assessed in mice with the help of skin sensitivity and graft versus host reaction tests. It was observed that at 24 hours post-challenge CMI values did not differ significantly from the control, indicating no effect of quinalphos treatment in mice. Goats receiving monocrotophos at a dose rate of 1.0 mg kg-1 body mass for 40 days gave a similar result when CMI was tested with the help of the chemical sensitizer dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). Thus the results clearly indicate that the tested organophosphates do not interfere with cellular immunity in the intoxicated animals.  相似文献   

Comparative Expression Analysis of Gametogenesis‐Associated Genes in Foetal and Adult Bubaline (Bubalus bubalis) Ovaries and Testes          下载免费PDF全文

SM Shah  N Saini  S Ashraf  M Zandi  MK Singh  RS Manik  SK Singla  P Palta  MS Chauhan 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(3):365-377

This study was conducted to identify and analyse the expression of gametogenesis‐associated genes and proteins in foetal and adult buffalo gonads of both the sexes. Relative quantification of the genes was determined by qPCR and Western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was also performed for various gametogenesis‐associated proteins in foetal and adult gonads of both the sexes. We observed significantly (p < 0.05) increased expression of primordial germ cell‐specific, meiotic as well as genes associated with oocyte maturation and development in foetal ovaries as compared to the adult ones. However, significantly (p < 0.05) increased expression of proteins associated with oocyte maturation like GDF9 and ZP4 was found in adult ovaries, indicating temporal regulation of mRNA translation during oogenesis. Meiotic genes showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased expression in adult testes as compared to foetal testes and ovaries, indicating onset of meiosis at a later stage in spermatogenesis. In general, the expression of primordial germ cell‐associated as well as meiotic genes was higher in adult testes, indicating the increased biological activity in the organ. Immunohistochemistry revealed localized expression of gametogenesis‐associated proteins in ovarian follicles and seminiferous tubules of testes, while the surrounding somatic tissues were devoid of these proteins. The study gives an understanding of the sequential and temporal events of gene expression as well as mRNA translation during male and female gametogenesis. It could also be concluded that follicles and seminiferous tubules are the functional units of the female and male gonads, respectively, and their function could be enhanced by appropriate chemical and genetic intervention of the somatic tissue immediately surrounding them. This assumes importance in the context that buffalo attains sexual maturity at an older age of 2–3 years and have smaller ovaries with lesser number of primordial follicles in comparison with cattle, which is suggested to be the main reason of their poor breeding performance.  相似文献   

Retrieval of Additional Epinephrine from Adrenaclick-Style Epinephrine Autoinjectors     

Arun Ganti  Rebecca Pilkerton  Erika Falsgraf  Elizabeth Vanwert  Nathan Brouwer  Alexander Beyer  Brendan Byrne 《The Forestry Chronicle》2021,32(1):55-58

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Production of Wild Buffalo (Bubalus arnee) Embryos by Interspecies Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Using Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Oocytes     

D Priya  NL Selokar  AK Raja  M Saini  AA Sahare  N Nala  P Palta  MS Chauhan  RS Manik  SK Singla 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(2):343-351

The objective of this study was to explore the possibility of producing wild buffalo embryos by interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) through handmade cloning using wild buffalo somatic cells and domestic buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) oocytes. Somatic cells derived from the ear skin of wild buffalo were found to express vimentin but not keratin and cytokeratin‐18, indicating that they were of fibroblast origin. The population doubling time of skin fibroblasts from wild buffalo was significantly (p < 0.05) higher, and the cell proliferation rate was significantly (p < 0.05) lower compared with that of skin fibroblasts from domestic buffalo. Neither the cleavage (92.6 ± 2.0% vs 92.8 ± 2.0%) nor the blastocyst rate (42.4 ± 2.4% vs 38.7 ± 2.8%) was significantly different between the intraspecies cloned embryos produced using skin fibroblasts from domestic buffalo and interspecies cloned embryos produced using skin fibroblasts from wild buffalo. However, the total cell number (TCN) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower (192.0 ± 25.6 vs 345.7 ± 42.2), and the apoptotic index was significantly (p < 0.05) higher (15.1 ± 3.1 vs 8.0 ± 1.4) for interspecies than that for intraspecies cloned embryos. Following vitrification in open‐pulled straws (OPS) and warming, although the cryosurvival rate of both types of cloned embryos, as indicated by their re‐expansion rate, was not significantly different (34.8 ± 1.5% vs 47.8 ± 7.8), the apoptotic index was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for vitrified–warmed interspecies than that for corresponding intraspecies cloned embryos (48.9 ± 7.2 vs 23.9 ± 2.8). The global level of H3K18ac was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in interspecies cloned embryos than that in intraspecies cloned embryos. The expression level of HDAC1, DNMT3a and CASPASE3 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher, that of P53 was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in interspecies than in intraspecies embryos, whereas that of DNMT1 was similar between the two types of embryos. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that wild buffalo embryos can be produced by iSCNT.  相似文献