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Sarma K Pal AK Sahu NP Dalvi RS Chatterjee N Mukherjee SC Baruah K 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(2):499-509
Two experiments, one short-term and one long-term, were conducted to elucidate the acute and chronic effects, respectively,
of endosulfan exposure on the haemato-immunological and histopathological responses of Channa puncatatus. In the short-term study, fish were exposed to sublethal endosulfan (8.1 μg l−1) for 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h. In the long-term study, fish were fed with normal diet and simultaneously either exposed
to endosulfan (1.2 μg l−1) for 90 days or not. Results showed that the ascorbic acid levels in both the liver and the muscle decreased significantly
(P < 0.05) by acute and chronic endosulfan exposure. The haemoglobin (Hb) level reduced significantly (P < 0.05) by 15.5% within 12 h of acute endosulfan exposure, further decreased by 25.8% after 24 h of exposure, however, thereafter
the values increased and at the end of 72 h returned to normal levels. Almost similar trend was observed for the erythrocyte
(RBC) count. The WBC count and the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) value showed a general increasing trend with increase in the
duration of acute endosulfan exposure. The chronic exposure of C. punctatus to endosulfan significantly (P < 0.05) lowered the Hb level, RBC and WBC counts, NBT reduction value and the plasma parameters such as plasma protein, albumin
(A) and globulin (G) compared with that of the control (except for A/G ratio). Endosulfan exposure also severely altered the
liver histological structure. Overall results indicated that both short-term acute and long-term chronic endosulfan exposure
had a significant impact on the haemato-immunological parameters and tissue histopathology of C. punctatus. 相似文献
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Chandran K Sullivan NJ Felbor U Whelan SP Cunningham JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5728):1643-1645
Ebola virus (EboV) causes rapidly fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and there is currently no effective treatment. We found that the infection of African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells by vesicular stomatitis viruses bearing the EboV glycoprotein (GP) requires the activity of endosomal cysteine proteases. Using selective protease inhibitors and protease-deficient cell lines, we identified an essential role for cathepsin B (CatB) and an accessory role for cathepsin L (CatL) in EboV GP-dependent entry. Biochemical studies demonstrate that CatB and CatL mediate entry by carrying out proteolysis of the EboV GP subunit GP1 and support a multistep mechanism that explains the relative contributions of these enzymes to infection. CatB and CatB/CatL inhibitors diminish the multiplication of infectious EboV-Zaire in cultured cells and may merit investigation as anti-EboV drugs. 相似文献
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Kartik Baruah Asim K. Pal Narottam P. Sahu Dipesh Debnath Parisa Nourozitallab Patrick Sorgeloos 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2007,38(1):129-137
Abstract.— A feeding trial was conducted for 60 d to study the effect of dietary microbial phytase on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of rohu, Labeo rohita , fingerlings. One hundred and twenty fingerlings (average initial weight: 9.17 g/fish) were equally distributed into five experimental tanks, each with four replicates. Five isonitrogenous (35%) and isocaloric (16.79 kJ/g) diets were prepared from plant-based ingredients, supplemented with microbial phytase at the level of 0, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 U/kg diets and fed to T0 , T1 , T2 , T3 , and T4 groups, respectively. Weight gain %, food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and apparent net protein utilization were significantly ( P < 0.05) improved in groups fed phytase-supplemented diets compared to control, the highest being observed in T3 group. Maximum apparent digestibility of phosphorus and crude protein was recorded in T3 group. Bone ash, phosphorus (P), and calcium (Ca) contents were also significantly ( P < 0.05) increased in phytase-fed groups. However, maximum was recorded in T3 group. Results from the present study indicated that addition of 750 U microbial phytase/kg diets effectively improved nutrient utilization, bone mineralization, and hence growth of L. rohita fingerlings. 相似文献
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Xavier B Sahu NP Pal AK Jain KK Misra S Dalvi RS Baruah K 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(2):341-353
A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to delineate the main effect of water soaking of plant ingredients, phytase,
cellulase, and their interactions on the growth and digestive enzyme activities of Labeo rohita fingerlings. Two basal diets were prepared using water-soaked (S) or unsoaked (US) plant-based ingredients. Feed of US ingredients
was supplemented with phytase (U kg−1) and cellulase (%) at the level of 0, 0 (Cus); 500, 0 (T1); 0, 0.2 (T2); 500, 0.2 (T3), and feed of S ingredients at 0, 0 (Cs); 500, 0 (T4); 0, 0.2 (T5), and 500, 0.2 (T6), respectively. Three hundred and sixty fingerlings were randomly distributed into eight treatments, each with three replicates.
Soaking of the ingredients for 24 h significantly reduced the tannin content. However, feeding of S diets did not improve
the fish growth. Highest performance was recorded in the T3 group. A significant interaction between dietary phytase and cellulase was observed for apparent net protein utilization.
Tissue crude protein, ether extract, and ash content of the fingerlings were observed highest in the T3 group. Activities of amylase, protease, and lipase were recorded highest in the T3 group. Results suggested that soaking of plant-based ingredients reduces tannin content; however, growth and digestive enzyme
activities of group fed soaked diet were not improved, possibly due to leaching of soluble nutrients. Probably, a shorter
duration soaking may be effective in reducing tannin content and avoiding nutrients leaching. 相似文献
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Mandal SC Kohli MP Das P Singh SK Munilkumar S Sarma K Baruah K 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(2):573-584
This study aimed to elucidate the effect of partial or complete replacement of live feed (LF) (Tubifex) with formulated feed (FF) on the reproductive performance of Betta
splendens. Three hundred B.
splendens fry (average weight 0.19 ± 0.01 g) were equally distributed into five different groups, each with three replicates. They
were fed for 105 days with following different diets: control (C)—100% LF; T1—75% LF, 25% FF; T2—50% LF, 50% FF; T3—25% LF,
75% FF, and T4—100% FF. Results showed that the average number of hatched larvae (654 ± 101) and fry survival after 2 weeks
of rearing (428 ± 70), after completion of three spawning, were recorded highest in the control group, which was, however,
not significantly different from the T1, T2, and T3 groups. At the end of the feeding trial, the highest hatching percentage
(90.3%) was registered in the T2 group, which was not significantly different from the control and T1 groups. The T2 group
also recorded highest fry survival (65.54%) after completion of three spawning, which was not significantly (P < 0.05) different from the T1 and T3 groups. Control diet contained higher saturated fatty acid (63.23%) than formulated
diet (29.80%). In the whole-body tissue, highest level of EPA (0.42%) and DHA (3.13%) were found in the T4 group followed
by T3 group. The DHA/EPA ration was recorded highest in the T2 group (10.96%), which did not differ significantly from the
T1 and T3 groups. Significant positive correlation was observed between saturated fatty acid levels in fish whole-body tissue
and number of hatched larvae (Y = 30.81 × −825.3, R
2 = 0.968) and fry survival after 2 weeks of rearing (Y = 21.38 × −580.9, R
2 = 0.967). Considering all these factors, it can be concluded that the live feed Tubifex can be replaced up to 50% without any adverse effect on the reproductive performance and fry survival of B. splendens. 相似文献
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Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) larvae fed Artemia nauplii enriched with poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB): effect on growth performance,body composition,digestive enzymes,gut microbial community,gut histology and stress tests 
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下载免费PDF全文 Ebrahim Hossein Najdegerami Kartik Baruah Alireza Shiri Anamaria Rekecki Wim Van den Broeck Patrick Sorgeloos Nico Boon Peter Bossier Peter De Schryver 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(4):801-812
The effects of feeding Artemia nauplii enriched with or without poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and/or highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) on Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) larvae were investigated. Feeding larvae with PHB‐enriched nauplii (PHB, PHB + HUFA) decreased the growth performance of the larvae. PHB affected the body composition by increasing the lipid content of the whole body and decreasing total saturated, monoenoic, n3, n6 and decosahexanoeic acid (DHA) in the larvae, indicating that the PHB addition affected lipid metabolism. A high activity of pepsin was observed in the digestive extracts of PHB treatments (PHB, PHB + HUFA), while PHB suppressed amylase activity in the intestine of the larvae. Based on molecular analysis, PHB changed the microbial community in the distal intestine of the larvae. The highest counts of goblet cells were observed in the HUFA‐containing treatments (HUFA, PHB + HUFA), indicating that HUFA addition may improve the mucosal barrier defence system. The overall quality of the larvae was evaluated by exposing them to different salinities and ammonia stress levels. PHB decreased survival rates in these challenges. Our results show that optimal PHB doses for bio‐encapsulation into Artemia remain to be determined for further application at the earliest larval stages of sturgeon. 相似文献
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Nhi H. Y. Nguyen Lan T. Trinh Da T. Chau Kartik Baruah Torbjrn Lundh Anders Kiessling 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(4):970-979
A 90‐day feeding experiment was conducted in order to test spent brewer's yeast as a replacement for fishmeal in diets for giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) reared in either a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) or a biofloc system. Triplicate groups, each of 20 prawn (6.7 ± 0.03 g), were randomly assigned to 24 identical tanks. Twelve tanks were connected to the RAS, and the other 12 tanks were connected to the biofloc system which were initially supplemented with Bacillus subtilis, molasses and blood meal to achieve a C:N ratio of 20:1. Four iso‐nitrogenous (350 g/kg) and iso‐energetic (19 MJ/kg) diets where 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% of fishmeal protein was replaced by spent brewer's yeast. Neither growth nor survival was affected (p > 0.05) by increasing levels of brewer's yeast. The exception, being fish given 60% replacement with brewer's yeast, reared in biofloc, which displayed a higher (p < 0.05) growth than fish given 40% replacement, reared in clear water. The feed conversion ratio of prawn reared in the biofloc environment was lower than in the clear water. We concluded that spent brewer's yeast represents a possible 60% substitute for fishmeal in giant freshwater prawn diets, especially for prawn reared in a biofloc environment. 相似文献
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Kamal Sarma A. K. Pal S. Ayyappan T. Das S. M. Manush Dipesh Debnath Kartik Baruah 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(1):85-90
Teleost fish have developed their own specific adaptive mechanism, both behavioral and physiological, to maintain homeostasis
in response to unfavorable temperatures. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the critical thermal maxima (CTMax), critical thermal minima (CTMin), and oxygen consumption rate of Anabas testudineus (17.03 ± 1.2 g) after acclimating to three preset temperatures (25, 30, and 35°C) for 30 days. The CTMax and CTMin were 40.15, 41.40, 41.88°C and 12.43, 13.06, 13.94°C, respectively, and were significantly different (P < 0.05). The thermal tolerance polygon for the specified temperatures was 278.30°C2. The oxygen consumption rate (117.03, 125.70, 198.48 mg O2 kg−1 h−1, respectively) increased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing acclimation temperatures. The overall results indicate that the thermal tolerance and oxygen consumption
of A. testudineus are dependent on acclimation. 相似文献