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ATSUSHI OOSHIRO KAZUKO TAKAESU MASAHIRO NATSUME SATOSHI TABA Kanami Nasu MIKA UEHARA YORITOMO MURAMOTO 《Weed Biology and Management》2004,4(4):187-194
Fresh aerial tissue and roots of 14 wild plants in Okinawa prefecture were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum , which causes bacterial wilt of potato. A 70% aqueous ethanol extract of fresh aerial tissue of Geranium carolinianum L. showed strong antimicrobial activity against R. solanacearum . This extract also showed antimicrobial activity against the pathogens causing common scab of potato and soil rot of sweet potato. The antimicrobial substance could be extracted with hot water, and was effective against R. solanacearum in soil. In the field test, a treatment combining incorporation of dried aerial tissue into the soil and solarization was highly effective for control of bacterial wilt of potato. These findings suggest that G. carolinianum L. could be used as a biological agent for the control of bacterial wilt of potato. 相似文献
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KANGETSU HIRASE SATOSHI YOSHIGAI MAKOTO NISHIDA TATSUO SHINMI 《Weed Biology and Management》2004,4(4):213-217
MTB-951 is a potential mycoherbicide using a fungal plant pathogen ( Drechslera monoceras ) isolated from native Echinochloa species in Japan. Conidia of this pathogen were used as the active ingredient and the effect of temperature on its properties was examined in a laboratory. The optimum temperature for conidium germination was broad between 15 and 35°C and no difference in the germination ratio existed within this temperature range. Mycelial growth was the fastest at 25°C but was slower outside of the range 15–35°C. When leaves of Echinochloa crus-galli L. were immersed in deionized water containing the conidia, cellular electrolyte leakage from the leaves was observed. However, no electrolyte leakage occurred from leaves of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) under the same conditions. The occurrence of electrolyte leakage from E. crus-galli was dependent on the temperature and was the highest at 25°C. Herbicidal activity of MTB-951 against E. crus-galli was high between 25°C and 30°C, but decreased at 35°C in a glass vessel. In the present study, it was revealed that the physiological and herbicidal properties of MTB-951 depended on the temperature. 相似文献
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In June 1995, a disease causing round to irregular-shaped, water-soaked, brown to blackish brown spots on mealycup sage (Salvia farinacea Benth.) was found in Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. The symptoms were seen only on leaves, not on neither flower
petals or stems. The disease was also found in Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Memambetsu-cho, Hokkaido and Shimoda-shi and Matsuzaki-cho,
Shizuoka. An Alternaria sp. was frequently isolated from these diseased plants. The isolates were severely pathogenic to mealycup sage and caused
lesions on the inoculated leaves. The isolates were also weakly pathogenic on scarlet sage (S. splendens Sellow ex Roem. and Schult.) but not on any other Labiatae plants tested. Based on morphological characteristics, such as
size of conidia, chain number, and the short beak on conidia, the causal fungus was identified as Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler. This report is the first on a mealycup sage disease caused by A. alternata. Because the symptom was restricted to the leaf, the common name of Alternaria leaf spot was proposed.
Received 30 August 2002/ Accepted in revised form 18 November 2002 相似文献
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MICHIO AOYAMA HIROHITO GOTO HITOMI KAMIYA IKUO KANEKO SATOSHI KAWAE HIROKI KODAMA YASUSHI KONISHI KENN-ICHI KUSUMOTO HISATO MIURA EIICHI MORIYAMA KIYOSHI MURAKAMI TOSHIYA NAKANO FUTOSHI NOZAKI DAISUKE SASANO TAKAO SHIMIZU HIROKI SUZUKI YASUSHI TAKATSUKI AKITO TORIYAMA 《Fisheries Oceanography》2008,17(3):206-218
Impact of climate change on marine biogeochemical parameters and ecosystem is one of the important issues of our environment. Direct evidence of marine pelagic ecosystem changes is found with warming of sea water and sea‐level rise in the main stream of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea and the western North Pacific during these three decades based on the analysis of long‐term comprehensive hydrographic observations. In terms of annual mean, the warming rate of surface air temperature and sea surface temperature ranged from 0.15 to 0.21°C per decade in and around the main stream of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea, which exceed the global mean warming rate of 0.128 ± 0.026°C per decade during the period from 1956 to 2005 reported in IPCC 2007. One of the features in this rapid warming region is an increase of number of Pterosagitta draco, a cosmopolitan warm‐water zooplankton. Biogeochemical parameters, such as wet weight of zooplankton, plant pigment and nutrients concentration in the upper 200 m have been decreasing while dissolved oxygen content and seawater temperature have been increasing in the upper 200 m in the main stream of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea. These observed linear trends of the biogeochemical parameters would be foresights for temperate oceans in the future. 相似文献
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Lipid peroxidation-derived hepatotoxic aldehydes, 4-hydroxy-2E-hexenal in smoked fish meat products 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
DEEPTHI MS MUNASINGHE KEN-ICHIRO ICHIMARU MIYO RYUNO NOBUHIKO UEKI TAKANAO MATSUI KAZUHIRO SUGAMOTO SATOSHI KAWAHARA TADASHI SAKAI 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(1):189-194
ABSTRACT: Contents of 4-hydroxy-2 E -hexenal (HHE), hepatotoxic aldehydes, in smoked fish meat products (smoked salmon and fish meat sausage) were analyzed. Large differences in these contents between the different samples were observed. Very low levels of HHE were detected in fish meat sausage samples. However, a high level of HHE was observed in one batch of smoked salmon. Changes of HHE contents in yellowtail meat containing cherry and sugi wood vinegar stored at 0°C were also analyzed for 7 days. Malonaldehyde (MA) was also analyzed in these samples as an index of the lipid peroxidation level. After 3 or 7 days of storage, HHE contents in both wood vinegar-added samples were significantly higher, but MA contents were significantly lower than those of the control. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Effects of the chromosome set manipulation on early embryonic development were examined in goldfish and crucian carp. Both pressure- and heat-shock treatments of fertilized eggs induced developmental disorders such as thin blastodisc formation, delay of epiboly, and deficiency of dorso-anterior structures. The longer the treatments were applied to the eggs, the more frequently severe dorsal deficiencies were induced in the embryos. No and reduced signals of goosecoid mRNA, a dorsal mesodermal marker, were observed in embryos treated with heat-shock at 40°C for 1 min at 5 min postfertilization. These results suggested that such treatments should affect not only the retention of the second polar body, but also the suppression of dorso-ventral differentiation. 相似文献
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KENSUKE NAKAMURA SATOSHI TAKAGI NOBORU SASAKI WICKRAMASEKARA RAJAPAKSHAGE BANDULA KUMARA MASAHIRO MURAKAMI HIROSHI OHTA MASAHIRO YAMASAKI MITSUYOSHI TAKIGUCHI 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(1):79-85
In six normal beagles and 27 dogs with spontaneous focal or multifocal liver lesions, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography using Sonazoid® was performed. Sonazoid® is a newly developed second-generation contrast agent with the ability to be used for real-time contrast imaging along with parenchymal imaging. An appropriate protocol for the evaluation of all three phases (arterial, portal, and parenchymal) was established based on the results for normal beagles. By evaluation of the echogenicity of hepatic nodules during the arterial and parenchymal phases it was possible to differentiate malignant tumors from benign nodules with very high accuracy. In 15 of 16 dogs diagnosed as malignant tumors, nodules were clearly hypoechoic to the surrounding normal liver during the parenchymal phase. Additionally, malignant tumors had different echogenicity compared with the surrounding normal liver during the arterial phase in 14 of 15 dogs. In the portal phase, there were no characteristic findings. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with Sonazoid® appears to improve the characterization of canine focal and multifocal hepatic lesions. 相似文献