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1.
Bozkurt İ. Adem Soylu Soner Kara Merve Doksöz Senem Filiz Altan Bülent Çarpar Hakan 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2023,130(1):13-21
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Citrus (Citrus spp. L.), which has high nutritional and economic value, is one of the most commonly grown fruits in Turkey. In spring 2020, large aerial... 相似文献
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Soner Kazaz Sabri Erbas Hasan Baydar Tuba Dilmacunal Mehmet Ali Koyuncu 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
Oil rose flowers were stored at 0 °C in four different packaging materials [plastic box + stretch film (PB + SF), Xtend®, Smartbag® and polyethylene (PE)] for 60 days. During storage, weight loss, O2 and CO2 concentrations in the packages, petal color and sensorial attributes were investigated besides essential oil content and composition. Storage duration and packages had significant (p < 0.01) effects on weight loss. At the end of storage, the lowest weight loss was in PE package (1.696%) whereas the highest weight loss was in Xtend® (10.081%). The essential oil content was significantly (p < 0.01) affected by storage duration and packages. In addition, the essential oil contents obtained from all packages for a storage period of 10 days and the essential oil contents obtained from unstored (control) petals were included in the same group. At the end of storage, the essential oil contents decreased by 91.3, 57.7, 80.0 and 64.3% in PB + SF, Xtend®, Smartbag® and PE packages, respectively as compared to control. In addition, storage duration and package types significantly (p < 0.01) affected petal color, O2 and CO2 concentrations in the packages and sensorial scores. The concentration of citronellol, a main component of rose oil, increased in all packages during storage of 10 days in comparison to the control group while it varied in other storage durations and package types. However, nerol and geraniol were lower than the control group during storage while concentrations of nonadecane, heneicosane and eicosane were higher. In conclusion, loss of oil yield and quality, due to various reasons and particularly due to fermentation in oil rose from the harvest of petals to their distillation, can be minimized with storage of petals in all package types for up to 10 days. 相似文献
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Several methods for measuring sulfite oxidases (EC 1.8.2.1 and EC 1.8.3.1) have been developed for microbial systems, but
none have been systematically adopted for soils. We describe an assay method to measure sulfite oxidase in soil that is based
on the use of potassium sulfite (K2SO3) serving as the substrate and electron donor, and potassium ferricyanide [K3Fe(CN6)] serving as the electron acceptor. Sulfite oxidase activity is expressed as micromoles of K3Fe(CN)6 reduced g-1 soil 4 h-1. Sulfite oxidase activity was linearly related to amount of soil in the assay (up to 3 g) and incubation time (up to 5 h).
The average K
m value for K2SO3 serving as the substrate for the sulfite oxidase reaction in four diverse soils was 3.48 mM. The activation energy values
calculated for soil sulfite oxidase ranged from 40.4 to 61.4 kJ mol-1. The sulfite oxidase assay does not require any specialized equipment and is expected to be useful in studying biological
sulfite oxidation in soils treated with sulfites or in naturally occurring soils where sulfur cycles between reduced (i.e.,
sulfite) and oxidized (i.e., sulfate) states due to flooding and drying. 相似文献
4.
T. Nakajima R. K. Shrestha P.‐A. Jacinthe R. Lal S. Bilen W. Dick 《Soil Use and Management》2016,32(4):515-524
No‐till (NT) farming can restore the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool of agricultural soils, but the SOC pool size and retention rate can vary with soil type and duration of NT. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of NT and soil drainage characteristics on SOC accumulation across a series of NT fields on Alfisols in Ohio, USA. Sites under NT for 9 (NT9), 13 (NT13), 36 (NT36), 48 (NT48) and 49 (NT49) years were selected for the study. Soil was somewhat poorly drained at the NT48 site but moderately well drained at the other sites. The NT48 and NT49 on‐station sites were under continuous corn (Zea mays), while the other sites were farmers' fields in a corn–soybean (Glycine max) rotation. At each location, the SOC pool (0–30 cm) in the NT field was compared to that of an adjacent plough‐till (PT) and woodlot (WL). At the NT36, NT48 and NT49 sites, the retention rate of corn‐derived C was determined using stable C isotope (13C) techniques. In the 0‐ to 10‐cm soil layer, SOC concentration was significantly larger under NT than PT, but a tillage effect was rarely detected below that depth. Across sites, the SOC pool in that layer averaged 36.4, 20 and 40.8 Mg C/ha at the NT, PT and WL sites, respectively. For the 0‐ to 30‐cm layer, the SOC pool for NT (83.4 Mg C/ha) was still 57% greater than under PT. However, there was no consistent trend in the SOC pool with NT duration probably due to the legacy of past management practices and SOC content differences that may have existed among the study sites prior to their conversion to NT. The retention rate of corn‐derived C was 524, 263 and 203 kg C/ha/yr at the NT36, NT48 and NT49 sites. In contrast, the retention rate of corn‐C under PT averaged 25 and 153 kg C/ha/yr at the NT49 (moderately well‐drained) and NT48 (somewhat poorly drained) sites, respectively. The conversion from PT to NT resulted in greater retention of corn‐derived C. Thus, adoption of NT would be beneficial to SOC sequestration in agricultural soils of the region. 相似文献
5.
Akgül Davut Soner Yıldız Murat Güngör Savaş Nurdan Bülbül İzzet Özarslandan Mümine Leon Maela Armengol Josep 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,164(1):21-32
European Journal of Plant Pathology - Black-foot (BF) disease of grapevines in nurseries and young vineyards is caused by soil-borne Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs. They can be found both in... 相似文献
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Onuk EE Ciftci A Findik A Ciftci G Altun S Balta F Ozer S Coban AY 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(7-8):320-328
The aim of the study was the phenotypic and molecular characterization of Yersinia (Y) ruckeri strains, the causative agent of Enteric Redmouth Disease (ERM), by antibiotyping, random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) and sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) patterns of whole cell proteins. For this aim, a total of 97 Y ruckeri isolates were analyzed. The isolates were distinguished into ten antibiotypes and six phenotypes according to their resistance properties and whole cell protein profiles, respectively. Also, a glycoprotein band of approximately 25.5 kDa was observed in all Y ruckeri strains tested. In all strains, six different RAPD types were observed. In conclusion, Y ruckeri strains isolated from rainbow trout of fish farms in Turkey showed variation according to their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, and the use of these three typing techniques in double and triple combinations could be more useful for discriminating the strains. 相似文献
9.
Mustafa Y. Canbolat Serdar Bilen Ramazan Çakmakçı Fikrettin Şahin Adil Aydın 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,42(4):350-357
Inoculants are of great importance in sustainable and/or organic agriculture. In the present study, plant growth of barley
(Hordeum vulgare) has been studied in sterile soil inoculated with four plant growth-promoting bacteria and mineral fertilizers at three different
soil bulk densities and in three harvests of plants. Three bacterial species were isolated from the rhizosphere of barley
and wheat. These bacteria fixed N2, dissolved P and significantly increased growth of barley seedlings. Available phosphate in soil was significantly increased
by seed inoculation of Bacillus M-13 and Bacillus RC01. Total culturable bacteria, fungi and P-solubilizing bacteria count increased with time. Data suggest that seed inoculation
of barley with Bacillus RC01, Bacillus RC02, Bacillus RC03 and Bacillus M-13 increased root weight by 16.7, 12.5, 8.9 and 12.5% as compared to the control (without bacteria inoculation and mineral
fertilizers) and shoot weight by 34.7, 34.7, 28.6 and 32.7%, respectively. Bacterial inoculation gave increases of 20.3–25.7%
over the control as compared with 18.9 and 35.1% total biomass weight increases by P and NP application. The concentration
of N and P in soil was decreased by increasing soil compaction. In contrast to macronutrients, the concentration of Fe, Cu
and Mn was lower in plants grown in the loosest soil. Soil compaction induced a limitation in root and shoot growth that was
reflected by a decrease in the microbial population and activity. Our results show that bacterial population was stimulated
by the decrease in soil bulk density. The results suggest that the N2-fixing and P-solubilizing bacterial strains tested have a potential on plant growth activity of barley. 相似文献
10.
Use of resistant plant varieties combined with other disease management practices is regarded as the most practical approach to control of seed-borne bacterial disease agents. In this study, responses of different bean cultivars to nine different races of Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola, the causal agent of bacterial halo blight of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), were determined. During compatible interaction in susceptible cultivars, virulent bacterial races caused water soaked lesion at sites of inoculation. Similar lesions developed in moderately resistant cultivars but symptoms were later associated with more tissue browning around the sites of inoculation. In contrast, the resistant response, produced the characteristic hypersensitive reaction (HR), was characterized as a small discrete browning and tissue collapse at site of inoculation. No local cultivars showed complete resistance to all races tested. Bean cultivars Sehirali-90 and Göynük-98 were found to be resistant or moderately resistant to five different bacterial races. Bean cultivar, Karaca?ehir-90, on the other hand, was found to be resistant or moderately resistant to six different bacterial races. Analysis of bacterial growth and the accumulation of isoflavonoid bean phytoalexin, phaseollin in planta were carried out for tissues expressing compatible and incompatible interactions to enable a link to be made between reaction phenotypes and restriction of bacterial growth and phytoalexin accumulations. Development of the HR was clearly associated with the restricted multiplication of bacteria during incompatible interactions. A time-course accumulation analysis on pods treated with different races of bacterial agent showed that a strong correlation was observed between the timing and extent of cell death and accumulation of phaseollin, being rapid and extensive in incompatible interactions compared to compatible interaction. 相似文献