Acute oxalate toxicity of sheep associated with slender iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum)     

RH JACOB  RL PEET 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(3):91-92

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Prevalence of virulent footrot in sheep flocks in southern New South Wales     

RH LOCKE  NE COOMBES 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(10):348-349

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Top 20 environmental weeds for classical biological control in Europe: a review of opportunities, regulations and other barriers to adoption   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4  

AW SHEPPARD  RH SHAW†  & R SFORZA‡ 《Weed Research》2006,46(2):93-117

Classical biological control remains the only tool available for permanent ecological and economic management of invasive alien species that flourish through absence of their co‐evolved natural enemies. As such, this approach is recognized as a key tool for alien species management by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) and the European Strategy on Invasive Alien Species (ESIAS). Successful classical biological control programmes abound around the world, despite disproportionate attention being given to occasional and predictable non‐target impacts. Despite more than 130 case histories in Europe against insect pests, no exotic classical biological control agent has been released in the EU against an alien invasive weed. This dearth has occurred in the face of increasing numbers of exotic invasive plants being imported and taking over National Parks, forests and amenity areas in this region, as well as a global increase in the use of classical biological control around the world. This paper reviews potential European weed targets for classical biological control from ecological and socioeconomic perspectives using the criteria of historical biological control success, taxonomic isolation from European native flora, likely availability of biological control agents, invasiveness outside Europe and value to primary industry and horticulture (potential for conflicts of interest). We also review why classical biological control of European exotic plants remains untested, considering problems of funding and public perception. Finally, we consider the regulatory framework that surrounds such biological control activities within constituent countries of the EU to suggest how this approach may be adopted in the future for managing invasive exotic weeds in Europe.  相似文献   

Unguided bronchoalveolar lavage techniques and residual effects in dogs     

M. McCAULEY  RB ATWELL  RH SUTTON  JS LUMSDEN 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(3):161-165

Objectives To investigate the use of unguided bronchoalveolar lavage techniques in dogs without fibreoptic bronchoscopy, using an adapted single vascular catheter and a double-lumen catheter made from two single vascular catheters.
Animals Sixty-nine dogs were examined with the single-catheter technique and 110 dogs with the double-catheter technique.
Design A prospective study.
Procedure Sixty-nine and 220 samples, collected with the single catheter and the double catheter respectively, were examined cytologically Lungs of 69 dogs were examined grossly and histologically. Radiographic examination was performed on 11 dogs.
Results The double-catheter technique produced samples with significantly higher cellularity (P < 0.01) and fewer red blood cells (P < 0.01) than the single-catheter technique. Repeat samples collected with a double catheter were not significantly different (P > 0.01) in any value. A reference range for nucleated cell counts of 62 to 1210 – 10⁶/L was calculated from 57 clinically and histologically normal dogs. The major residual effects of the technique were localised pulmonary oedema, and alveolar distension with collapse and congestion of distant parenchyma. Thoracic radiographs revealed increased lung opacity for at least up to 7 h after the procedure.
Conclusions The cellularity of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained was adequate and sufficient fluid was retrieved when the single catheter was located in a proper position. However, the double catheter obtained better samples more quickly and easily, with less damage to the respiratory tract.  相似文献   

Effect of the route of administration on the mucosal and systemic immune responses to Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine in pigs          下载免费PDF全文

MG Nogueira  AM Collins  RH Dunlop  D Emery 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(4):124-126

In an on‐farm study, 40 weaned piglets aged 3 weeks were vaccinated with Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine orally, IM or IP while a fourth group remained unvaccinated. All vaccinated animals showed increased serum levels of L. intracellularis‐specific IgG antibodies, but significantly elevated concentrations of specific IgG, IgA and cytokines were generated in ileal mucosal secretions from the orally and IP vaccinated pigs when examined at 17 days after vaccination.  相似文献   

Immunoglobulin isotype of specific antibodies in reproductive tract secretions and sera in Tritrichomonas foetus-infected heifers   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

S Z Skirrow  R H BonDurant 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(4):645-653

Four virgin heifers were experimentally inoculated intravaginally with 7 x 10(6) Tritrichomonas foetus, and 2 heifers served as uninfected controls. The durations of infection were 13, 20, 21, and 28 weeks, respectively. An ELISA that used whole T foetus antigen was used to detect anti-T foetus immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG1, IgG2, and IgM) in vaginal, cervical, and uterine secretions, and sera during the course of infection. The vaginal and cervical antibody responses were characterized by significantly increased T foetus-specific IgA and IgG1 at 7 to 9 weeks of infection, whereas uterine IgA and IgG1 responses peaked at 10 to 12 weeks. The antibody response in serum was predominantly of the IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses. In all reproductive tract regions, IgA persisted at least until the time of T foetus clearance, and usually longer. The next most persistent isotype was IgG1, lasting longest in the vagina, then cervix, and for the shortest time in the uterus. In local secretions, IgG2 was seen only transiently, increasing at weeks 13 to 15 in the vagina, and at weeks 10 to 12 in the cervix. Little IgM, relative to that present before infection, was detected in any secretion or serum, although cervical secretions had the greatest amount. Eight to 12 weeks after clearance, the 4 experimental heifers were inoculated intravaginally with 1 x 10(5) T foetus; transient infections (2 to 3 weeks' duration) were established in only 2 of 4 heifers, as determined by culturing of reproductive tract secretions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Bovine papillomavirus type 4 in Australia     

N. BLOCH  RH SUTTON  M. BREEN  PB SPRADBROW 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(7):273-274

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Preliminary observations on reproduction in a female sheep-goat chimaera.     

G B Anderson  N A Ruffing  R H BonDurant  R L Pashen 《The Veterinary record》1991,129(21):467-469

Four oestrous cycles of a female sheep-goat chimaera were monitored by using a vasectomised ram. The mean (+/- se) length of the cycle was 18.5 +/- 0.64 days with a range from 17 to 20 days. The chimaera was superovulated twice, bred to fertile rams, and the embryos recovered by laparotomy 13 or five days after oestrus, so that karyotype analysis could reveal the genotype of the oocyte. After the first superovulation one ovine day-13 embryo was collected; two fragments of another embryo (or embryos) were also collected, but readable chromosome spreads were not obtained from these embryos or from the two four-cell embryos that were collected five days after the second superovulation. Two surgical embryo transfers to the chimaera resulted in pregnancies. The first transfer involved an eight-cell ovine embryo and two caprine morulae and ended in the abortion of an ovine fetus between days 110 and 130. The second pregnancy occurred after the transfer of two ovine and two caprine morulae. A healthy lamb was born on day 147 of pregnancy. Both placentae had small numbers of cotyledons. A histological evaluation of the cotyledons revealed an abnormal placentome structure in the first pregnancy but not in the second.  相似文献   

Thiamin deficiency in cats and dogs associated with feeding meat preserved with sulphur dioxide     

VP STUDDERT  RH LABUC 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(2):54-57

Thiamin deficiency was diagnosed in cats and dogs being fed fresh minced meat, which contained sulphur dioxide as a preservative and less than 0.5 mg/kg thiamin. Thiamin in the meat and in added dietary ingredients, including a supplementary vitamin mixture, was destroyed by the sulphur dioxide.  相似文献   

Detection of Tritrichomonas foetus by polymerase chain reaction in cultured isolates, cervicovaginal mucus, and formalin-fixed tissues from infected heifers and fetuses.     

Robert H BonDurant  Carlos M Campero  Mark L Anderson  Karen A Van Hoosear 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2003,15(6):579-584

A rapid, reliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, originally developed for definitive laboratory identification of the bovine venereal pathogen Tritrichomonas foetus from cultures of male reproductive tract fluids, was used for testing the following: 1) cultured, geographically disparate trichomonad isolates, 2) formalin-fixed tissues from infected heifers and naturally infected fetuses, and 3) cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) from experimentally infected females. In 12 of 12 Western Hemisphere isolates of pathogenic T. foetus (isolated from outbreaks of clinical trichomoniasis or from screening surveys) and in 1 of 1 American Type Culture Collection strain of Tritrichomonas suis, PCR yielded a positive result, i.e., a 347-base pair amplicon in the 5.8S ribosomal RNA and internal transcribed spacer (5.8S-ITS) region of the genome, whereas cultures of Trichomonas vaginalis and Trichomonas gallinae did not produce a PCR product. The PCR assay was also positive in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded endometrial samples from 4 of 4 experimentally infected heifers, as well as in archived tissues from 2 of 2 T. foetus-infected aborted bovine fetuses that were submitted to the diagnostic laboratory from a natural outbreak. It was negative in fixed, embedded uterine tissues of 2 of 2 uninfected virgin heifers used as negative controls and in archived fixed gut tissue of a T. gallinae-infected pigeon. In another experiment, CVM aspirated from 4 of 4 experimentally infected heifers in the fifth or sixth postinfection week yielded a positive PCR product of the expected size, whereas CVM from 2 of 2 controls were PCR negative. Pending validation in larger clinical studies, the PCR assay for the 5.8S-ITS coding region of the T. foetus genome offers the prospect of definitive identification of this agent directly from CVM or from formalin-fixed tissues or when false-positive culture results are suspected.  相似文献