Animal productivity and health information network   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Dohoo IR 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(3):281-287

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Cost of extended open period in dairy cattle   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

Dohoo IR 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1982,23(7):229-230

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Genetic characterization, pathogenicity, and protection studies with an avian adenovirus isolate associated with inclusion body hepatitis     

Alvarado IR  Villegas P  El-Attrache J  Jensen E  Rosales G  Perozo F  Purvis LB 《Avian diseases》2007,51(1):27-32

An avian adenovirus (AAV) was isolated from liver samples of two 2-wk-old broiler-breeder flocks obtained from grandparents vaccinated at 10 and 17 wks of age with an autogenous inactivated vaccine containing the European AAV 8 (8565 strain) and 11 (1047 strain) serotypes (AAV8/11 vaccine). Affected broiler-breeders exhibited clinical signs and macroscopic and microscopic lesions associated with inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). The isolated adenovirus, identified as Stanford, was molecularly characterized as European serotype 9. The pathogenicity of the Stanford strain was confirmed after inoculation of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens at 1-7 days of age, causing 100% and 20% mortality, respectively. The level of protection against IBH was evaluated in two broiler-breeder progenies from AAV 8/11-vaccinated grandparent flocks and a commercial broiler flock by challenge at 1 or 7 days of age with the AAV 8 and 11 serotypes and/or the Stanford strain. The broiler-breeder progenies and the commercial broiler flock exhibited protection against IBH after challenge. No significant differences in mean body weights were observed at 3 wk of age in any of the evaluated groups. We conclude that broiler-breeder progenies from 30- to 50-wk-old grandparents vaccinated with the AAV 8/11 vaccine were adequately protected against challenge with the AAV 8 and 11 serotypes and the Stanford strain.  相似文献   

Aberrant extradural spinal migration of Spirocerca lupi: four dogs     

Du Plessis CJ  Keller N  Millward IR 《The Journal of small animal practice》2007,48(5):275-278

Spirocerca lupi is a nematode mainly affecting dogs but has been found in other animals, particularly carnivores. Anatomical areas of typical and aberrant migration vary. This report describes four cases of Spirocerca lupi causing neurological symptoms, similar to thoracolumbar disc syndrome, as a result of aberrant migration of the nematode into the spinal canal. In two of the cases, the nematode could be demonstrated intraoperatively. The third was discovered on post-mortem examination, while the fourth case displayed compelling evidence of Spirocerca lupi involvement. Surgical removal of the Spirocerca lupi nematode would be the treatment of choice in cases of spinal migration, with therapeutic and preventive treatment with doramectin instituted to treat remote sites and prevent re-infection. In areas endemic for spirocercosis, Spirocerca lupi should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in cases that are presented with clinical signs suggestive of a spinal cord lesion.  相似文献   

Relationships between bulk-tank antibodies to Ostertagia ostertagi and herd-management practices and measures of milk production in Nova Scotia dairy herds     

Guitián FJ  Dohoo IR  Markham RJ  Conboy G  Keefe GP 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1999,47(1-2):79-89

Monthly bulk-tank milk samples were obtained from 415 Nova Scotia dairy herds in each of the months of July-September 1998 and tested using an indirect microtitre ELISA against a crude saline-extract, whole-worm Ostertagia ostertagi antigen. ELISA results (optical densities (ODs)) were consistent across months (r=0.85) but there was considerable variation among herds. A questionnaire was sent by mail to all producers; information on management factors that would potentially influence parasite burdens in the herds was obtained from 239 farms. Data on annual milk production, summer milk production (July-September) and seasonal decline in milk production were obtained from the Animal Productivity and Health Information Network (APHIN) database. Associations between management practices and ODs, and between ODs and milk-production parameters were studied. Some management practices known to be associated with parasite burdens had expected directions of association with the ODs, giving supporting evidence that the ELISA is a reasonable measure of parasite burden. Most notably, ODs were increased with greater exposure of heifers or milking cows to pasture. ODs were not associated with either annual milk production or seasonal decline in milk production. However, there was a substantial relationship between the herd OD value and the level of milk production during the summer. An increase in the OD from 0.58 to 0.83 (the interquartile range of ODs) was associated with a reduction in production of 1.25kg/cow/day.  相似文献   

安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊及其杂种后代的DNA指纹分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王杰  沈富军  欧阳熙  王永  覃志红 《中国畜牧杂志》2001,37(3):13-15

以 (CA/GATA/TCC) 5探针 ,HinfI酶切 ,研究安哥拉山羊和建昌黑山羊及安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊级进杂交的F2 、F3的DNA指纹图谱。结果 ,在供试山羊中 ,个体平均检出 1 8.2± 0 .4条谱带 ,安哥拉山羊、F2 、F3的鉴别机率分别为 1 .38× 1 0 - 12 ,1 .1 8× 1 0 - 13,0 .50× 1 0 - 10 ;群体内相似系数安哥拉山羊为0 .4 539,F2 为 0 .4 0 77,F3为 0 .61 1 1 ;亲子鉴定的父权概率W =0 .9889;安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊比较 ,2 .3kb和 8.6kb谱带为安哥拉山羊的特异谱带  相似文献   

Prevalence of caseous lymphadenitis and usage of caseous lymphadenitis vaccines in sheep flocks     

Paton MW  Walker SB  Rose IR  Watt GF 《Australian veterinary journal》2003,81(1-2):91-95

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), determine the current usage of vaccines against CLA and to measure the effectiveness of these vaccines on sheep farms. DESIGN AND POPULATION: A survey was undertaken on 223 sheep flocks in New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia. METHOD: The prevalence of CLA was measured by conventional inspection techniques at abattoirs in lines of sheep that could be traced back to a farm. Managers of the flocks were sent a questionnaire about their vaccine practices, management practices and knowledge of CLA. RESULTS: The average prevalence of CLA in adult sheep in these flocks was 26% and varied from 20% in Western Australia to 29% in New South Wales. About 43% of sheep producers used CLA vaccines; only 12% used them as recommended. Awareness of CLA was highest in Western Australia. More producers would use CLA vaccine if they knew the prevalence of CLA in their flock and producers obtained most information about CLA from vaccine resellers. CONCLUSIONS: Only 10 to 15% of producers are currently achieving effective CLA control through the use of recommended CLA vaccination programs. In Western Australian flocks more than 25% of effectively vaccinated ewes will be sent to abattoirs in the 2 to 3 years after this study. However, large decreases in the prevalence of CLA can be achieved by about 70% of producers by either making adjustments to their vaccination programs or buying a vaccine with a CLA component. Two or three key facts on effective CLA vaccination could be made available at the point of sale of vaccines and from abattoirs that reported the prevalence of CLA to farmers.  相似文献   

Use of simulated clients in training veterinary undergraduates in communication skills     

Radford AD  Stockley P  Taylor IR  Turner R  Gaskell CJ  Kaney S  Humphris G  Magrath C 《The Veterinary record》2003,152(14):422-427

A course in communication skills has been developed specifically for veterinary students, based on those delivered at many medical schools, and making extensive use of professional actors as simulated clients. Its aim is to raise awareness of the importance of communication among veterinary undergraduates at all stages of the curriculum, and it allows them to role-play in acted-out scenarios. Facilitated small groups provide an environment in which students can receive feedback on their own performance and also give feedback to their colleagues. An independent evaluation suggests that the opportunity to role-play increased the students' confidence in communicating with others. They were able to identify their personal strengths as communicators and gain insights into the aspects of communication they could improve. Feedback and subsequent discussions were highly valued, with the actors playing a crucial role in providing feedback from the client's perspective. Students were able to use the knowledge they acquired when consulting with real clients. Most of the students suggested that the course should continue in its current format, but with more time provided for it in the curriculum.  相似文献   

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and milk     

Grant IR 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2003,44(3-4):261-266

The possibility that milk from cattle with Johne's disease could be a potential vehicle of transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis) to humans has been the focus of a UK government-funded research programme at Queen's University, Belfast since 1993. The main findings of this research programme are reported and practical advice about the most appropriate methods for the isolation/detection of this organism in milk is given. The findings of several milk surveys during which optimised sensitive detection methods were employed (decontamination with 0.75% cetyl pyridinium chloride for 5 h prior to culture and a novel immunomagnetic PCR technique) have revealed that detectable levels of M. paratuberculosis are present in bulked raw cows' milk in the UK at both the farm level and at dairy processing plants prior to pasteurisation. Furthermore, results of three different experimental approaches to assess the effect of pasteurisation time/temperature conditions on the viability of M. paratuberculosis (laboratory pasteurisation studies, a national survey of commercially pasteurised milk, and processing of naturally infected milk through commercial-scale pasteurising plant) provide firm evidence that this organism is capable of surviving commercial milk pasteurisation on occasion. Hence, both raw and pasteurised cows' milk are potential vehicles of transmission of M. paratuberculosis to humans.  相似文献   

大熊猫IL-4基因的克隆与序列分析     

黄道超  杨光友  张志和  张安居  郭万柱  王成东  候蓉  沈富军  袁欣 《中国兽医学报》2008,28(5):549-552

应用RT-PCR技术从ConA诱导培养的大熊猫外周血淋巴细胞总RNA中扩增得到大熊猫IL-4基因,并将其克隆到PGEM-T载体中。经菌落PCR鉴定、序列测定及序列分析,结果表明,克隆得到的IL-4基因开放阅读框由396个核苷酸组成,编码一个由132个氨基酸组成的多肽,包括编码24个氨基酸的信号肽和108个氨基酸的成熟肽。与GenBank中已登录的大熊猫IL-4（DQ166512）的核苷酸序列同源性分别为99.5%和100%;与其他哺乳动物如犬、猫、人、猪、牛、羊、马、兔、鼠等的IL-4核苷酸同源性为50.7%（鼠）～87.7%（犬）;IL-4编码氨基酸同源性在35.7%（鼠）～78.8%（犬）;进化树构建结果表明,大熊猫与犬、猫遗传距离最近。  相似文献