Suppression of ovarian progesterone production in dairy cows using an implant of GnRH-agonist (deslorelin) for the purpose of evaluating progesterone metabolism     

AR RABIEE  KL MACMILLAN  F SCHWARZENBERGER  D THALLER  MJ RATHBONE  TE TRIGG 《Australian veterinary journal》2001,79(10):690-694

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential of an implant of a GnRH-agonist (deslorelin) to create a progesterone free animal suitable for studying progesterone (P4) metabolism in intact cows by measuring blood P4 and faecal P4 metabolites. METHODS: Experiment 1: Eighteen non-lactating cycling Holstein-Friesian cows, 4 to 7 years old, were allocated to one of three groups to study plasma P4 concentrations preceding an intravaginal insert. These groups comprised: i) a deslorelin group (GnRH-agonist implanted); ii) a PGF group receiving two injections of prostaglandin (PGF2alpha) 12 days apart; and, iii) an ovariectomised (OVX) group. An intravaginal device (CIDR) was inserted into the vagina of each animal and left in place for 11 days. Plasma P4 concentrations were measured during the study period. Experiment 2: Twelve non-lactating cycling Holstein-Friesian cows, 4 to 7 years old, were allocated to two groups: i) a deslorelin group (GnRH-agonist implanted); and ii) an ovariectomised group. Plasma P4 and faecal P4 metabolites (20-oxo-pregnanes, 20alpha-OH and 20beta-OH) were monitored for a period of 5 weeks. RESULTS: Experiment 1: Average plasma P4 concentration did not differ between the three groups (1.28, 1.43 and 1.55 ng/mL for deslorelin, OVX and PGF cows, respectively, P = 0.8) during the period of supplementation. Experiment 2: There was no difference in plasma P4 (mean plasma P4 < 0.02 ng/mL, P = 0.9) and faecal P4 metabolites between deslorelin and OVX cows 2 weeks after the implantation (P = 0.7). CONCLUSIONS: These data showed that a GnRH-agonist (deslorelin) implant may be used as an alternative to ovariectomy to create a progesterone free animal suitable for studying the metabolism of administered P4.  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEW     

KL Stafford 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(8):505-505

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Theileria orientalis: a review     

JG Watts  MC Playford  KL Hickey 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2016,64(1):3-9

Theileria orientalis (also known historically as T. sergenti and T. buffeli) is responsible for benign or non-transforming theileriosis, and exerts its major effect through erythrocyte destruction. The life cycle of T. orientalis is essentially similar to that of other Theileria species, except that the schizonts do not induce transformation and fatal lymphoproliferation. The pathogenesis of anaemia as a result of infection is not clearly established and may be multifaceted. Clinical signs of weakness, reluctance to walk and abortion are early but non-specific indications of disease, particularly if accompanied by a history of cattle being moved. Physical examination may reveal pallor (pale eyes, vaginal mucosa), pyrexia, and elevated heart and respiratory rates. T. orientalis is an economically important parasite of cattle in New Zealand, Australia and Japan, especially where naïve animals are introduced into an endemic area or in animals under stress. Increased awareness of the risks posed by the parasite is required to enable management practices to be implemented to minimise its impact.  相似文献   

The AK Sutherland Oration     

KL HUGHES 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(10):361-363

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Naphthalophos combinations with benzimidazoles or levamisole as effective anthelmintics for sheep     

NA COOPER  PF ROLFE  JE SEARSON  KL DAWSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(3):221-224

Objective: To investigate the relative efficacy and safety of the anthelmintic naphthalophos in sheep, either given alone or in combination with benzimidazole (fenbendazole and albendazole) or levamisole anthelmintics.
Design: A parasitological study using faecal egg count reduction tests, a validating slaughter trial and field safety trials.
Procedure: Faecal egg count reduction tests were carried out on 13 farms. Naphthalophos and combinations of naphthalophos with levamisole and fenbendazole were included in the drench tests. On one property a controlled efficacy study was carried out to validate faecal egg count reduction test findings. In this trial, sheep were slaughtered 10 days after treatment and the remaining parasites recovered from the gastro-intestinal tract. Safety trials were carried out on eight farms where approximately 50 000 sheep were treated with naphthalophos and albendazole that were tank mixed in the backpack.
Results: The efficacy of naphthalophos alone in faecal egg count reduction tests ranged from 59 to 98% with one test showing 95% reduction. The efficacy of naphthalophos and levamisole ranged from 74 to 100%, with 5 farms showing 95% reduction. The efficacy of naphthalophos and fenbendazole ranged between 88 and 100% with 95% reduction achieved on 10 farms. The controlled efficacy study showed a good correlation between the faecal egg count reduction tests and numbers of parasites recovered, except for Nematodirus where the faecal egg count reduction tests overestimated efficacy. The mortality rate in the safety trials was 0.05%, with most fatalities occurring on one farm.
Conclusion: The combination of naphthalophos and fenbendazole was more effective than a combination of naphthalophos and levamisole, and will provide a sufficiently safe drench rotation option.  相似文献   

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone binding sites in human breast carcinoma   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

K A Eidne  C A Flanagan  R P Millar 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,229(4717):989-991

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs can cause regression of hormone-dependent breast carcinomas. These effects are thought to be mediated through the inhibition of gonadotropic and steroid hormones. These analogs may also act directly on the tumor because they are effective in treating breast cancer in some postmenopausal women. The presence of specific binding sites for gonadotropin-releasing hormone was demonstrated in human breast carcinomas by means of a novel approach of ligand immunoblotting. The results indicate a possible mechanism by which the peptide has direct effects on this tissue. These binding proteins were not detectable in non-neoplastic breast tissue.  相似文献   

Initiation by yeast RNA polymerase II at the adenoviral major late promoter in vitro   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

N F Lue  P M Flanagan  K Sugimoto  R D Kornberg 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4930):661-664

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The ASYST Software for Scientific Computing     

Hary D  Oshio K  Flanagan SD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,236(4805):1128-1132

The acceptance of ASYST by the scientific community could dramatically change the way scientific data are handled and reduce the need for extensive in-house software development for many applications. However, there is no substitute for a well-conceived use of any software. We feel that the full acceptance of the ideas and concepts pioneered by Adaptable Laboratory Software and other software houses will depend on the ability of the scientific community to fully test and verify the procedures used by such products. Only then can the results produced by these software packages be subjected to confirmation which is crucial to rigorous scientific endeavor.  相似文献   

Spatial Variability of Turbulent Mixing in the Abyssal Ocean   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

KL Polzin  JM Toole  JR Ledwell  RW Schmitt 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,276(5309):93-96

Ocean microstructure data show that turbulent mixing in the deep Brazil Basin of the South Atlantic Ocean is weak at all depths above smooth abyssal plains and the South American Continental Rise. The diapycnal diffusivity there was estimated to be less than or approximately equal to 0.1 x 10(-4) meters squared per second. In contrast, mixing rates are large throughout the water column above the rough Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and the diffusivity deduced for the bottom-most 150 meters exceeds 5 x 10(-4) meters squared per second. Such patterns in vertical mixing imply that abyssal circulations have complex spatial structures that are linked to the underlying bathymetry.  相似文献   

Prevention of organ allograft rejection by a specific Janus kinase 3 inhibitor     

Changelian PS  Flanagan ME  Ball DJ  Kent CR  Magnuson KS  Martin WH  Rizzuti BJ  Sawyer PS  Perry BD  Brissette WH  McCurdy SP  Kudlacz EM  Conklyn MJ  Elliott EA  Koslov ER  Fisher MB  Strelevitz TJ  Yoon K  Whipple DA  Sun J  Munchhof MJ  Doty JL  Casavant JM  Blumenkopf TA  Hines M  Brown MF  Lillie BM  Subramanyam C  Shang-Poa C  Milici AJ  Beckius GE  Moyer JD  Su C  Woodworth TG  Gaweco AS  Beals CR  Littman BH  Fisher DA  Smith JF  Zagouras P  Magna HA  Saltarelli MJ  Johnson KS  Nelms LF  Des Etages SG  Hayes LS  Kawabata TT 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5646):875-878

Because of its requirement for signaling by multiple cytokines, Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) is an excellent target for clinical immunosuppression. We report the development of a specific, orally active inhibitor of JAK3, CP-690,550, that significantly prolonged survival in a murine model of heart transplantation and in cynomolgus monkeys receiving kidney transplants. CP-690,550 treatment was not associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or lymphoproliferative disease. On the basis of these preclinical results, we believe JAK3 blockade by CP-690,550 has potential for therapeutically desirable immunosuppression in human organ transplantation and in other clinical settings.  相似文献