Identification ofTomato Mottle Taino Begomovirus strains in Cuban potato fields     

Marlene Cordero  Pedro L. Ramos  Lester Hernández  Ana I. Fernández  Ana L. Echemendía  Rudy Peral  Gloria González  Daniel García  Surey Valdés  Ana Estévez  Keren Hernández 《Phytoparasitica》2003,31(5):478-489

The presence of a begomovirus in potato plants with yellow mottle symptoms was determined for the first time in Cuba. The incidence of typical begomovirus-like symptoms in potato plants in some regions of Havana province (Güira de Melena, San José de las Lajas, Güines and Boyeros) during the growing seasons from 1992 to 1998 was in general low. However, in some cultivars belonging to the National Program for Potato Genetic Improvement, the incidence reached 100%. Yield losses, determined in 1992 and 1994, ranged as high as 19% to 56.33% depending on the cultivar. Characterization of the causal agent was done by light microscopy, host range (graft and mechanical transmission), DNA hybridizations, polymerase chain reaction, and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Nucleotide sequence of the amplified fragments revealed the presence ofTomato mottle Taino virus. The virus was transmittedvia tubers and has been detected in mixed infections withPotato virus X and withPotato leaf roll virus. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Oct. 20, 2003. The first two authors contributed equally to this work.  相似文献   

Melatonin reduces apoptotic cells,SOD2 and HSPB1 and improves the in vitro production and quality of bovine blastocysts          下载免费PDF全文

TC Marques  EC da Silva Santos  TO Diesel  LO Leme  CF Martins  MAN Dode  BG Alves  FPH Costa  EB de Oliveira  ML Gambarini 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):226-236

Effects of adding different concentrations of melatonin (10^?7, 10^?9 and 10^?11 M) to maturation (Experiment 1; Control, IVM  + 10^?7, IVM  + 10^?9, IVM  + 10^?11) and culture media (Experiment 2; Control, IVC  + 10^?7, IVC  + 10^?9, IVC  + 10^?11) were evaluated on in vitro bovine embryonic development. The optimal concentration of melatonin (10^?9 M) from Experiments 1–2 was tested in both maturation and/or culture media of Experiment 3 (Control, IVM  + 10^?9, IVC  + 10^?9, IVM /IVC  + 10^?9). In Experiment 1, maturated oocytes from Control and IVM  + 10^?9 treatments showed increased glutathione content, mitochondrial membrane potential and percentage of Grade I blastocysts (40.6% and 43%, respectively). In Experiment 2, an increase in the percentage of Grade I blastocysts was detected in IVC  + 10^?7 (43.5%; 56.7%) and IVC  + 10^?9 (47.4%; 57.4%). Moreover, a lower number and percentage of apoptotic cells in blastocysts were observed in the IVC  + 10^?9 group compared to Control (3.8 ± 0.6; 3.6% versus 6.1 ± 0.6; 5.3%). In Experiment 3, the IVC  + 10^?9 treatment increased percentage of Grade I blastocysts with a lower number of apoptotic cells compared to IVM /IVC  + 10^?9 group (52.6%; 3.0 ± 0.5 versus 46.0%; 5.4 ± 1.0). The IVC  + 10^?9 treatment also had a higher mRNA expression of antioxidant gene (SOD 2) compared to the Control, as well as the heat shock protein (HSPB 1) compared to the IVM  + 10^?9. Reactive oxygen species production was greater in the IVM /IVC  + 10^?9 treatment group. In conclusion, the 10^?9 M concentration of melatonin and the in vitro production phase in which it is used directly affected embryonic development and quality.  相似文献   

Disseminated cryptococcosis including osteomyelitis in a horse     

Lenard ZM  Lester NV  O'hara AJ  Hopper BJ  Lester GD 《Australian veterinary journal》2007,85(1-2):51-55

A 4-year-old Arab mare was diagnosed with disseminated cryptococcosis, including osteomyelitis of the proximal phalanx of the left hind limb, osteomyelitis with associated soft tissue granuloma of a rib and disseminated, large cryptococcal nodules in the lungs. The lesion in the dorsoproximal aspect of the proximal phalanx had a large area of cortical lysis with spiculated periosteal new bone and extensive soft tissue swelling. The affected rib had a pathological fracture. Cryptococcal osteomyelitis has not been previously reported in horses but should be considered as a differential diagnosis, particularly in endemic regions.  相似文献   

Some fluorine-containing pheromone analogues     

Geoffrey G. Briggs  George R. Cayley  Glenn W. Dawson  David C. Griffiths  Ewen D. M. Macaulay  John A. Pickett  Mary M. Pile  Lester J. Wadhams  Christine M. Woodcock 《Pest management science》1986,17(4):441-448

Two analogues of the aphid alarm pheromone (E)-β-farnesene, a trifluorofarnesene and a difluoro-1-norfarnesene, were found to be highly active and were more readily detectable than the parent compound. For (Z)-hexadec-11-enal, a component of some lepidopteran sex attractant pheromones, replacement of the carbonyl oxygen with a difluoromethyl group to give a difluoroheptadecadiene resulted in loss of activity. A trifluoroacetoxyhexadecanolide was a more volatile analogue of the mosquito oviposition pheromone (?)-(5R,6S)-6-acetoxy-5-hexadecanolide and was highly active.  相似文献   

Effect of inhaled nitric oxide on experimentally induced pulmonary hypertension in neonatal foals   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lester GD  DeMarco VG  Norman WM 《American journal of veterinary research》1999,60(10):1207-1212

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) in anesthetized healthy newborn foals with experimentally induced pulmonary hypertension. ANIMALS: Five 1- to 3-day-old foals. PROCEDURE: Anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol, and foals were intubated and mechanically ventilated. Systemic pressure and pulmonary arterial pressure (P(PA)) were recorded every 30 seconds. Hypertension was induced via a hypoxic gas mixture or chemical vasoconstriction, using the thromboxane mimetic U46619. Nitric oxide was added at a concentration of 80 parts per million (ppm) for 6 minutes under baseline conditions and during pulmonary hypertension-induced alveolar hypoxia (inspired oxygen concentration = 0.08). Nitric oxide (20, 40, 80, and 160 ppm) was evaluated during U46619-induced hypertension. Samples for determination of arterial blood gas tensions were collected before and after each NO treatment. RESULTS: Inhaled NO (approx 80 ppm) did not have an effect on baseline variables. Infusion of U46619 (0.35 +/- 0.04 microg/kg of body weight/min) or alveolar hypoxia resulted in increased P(PA) and decreased arterial oxygenation (PaO2) and hemoglobin saturation (HbSat). The increase in P(PA) was attenuated, in a dose-dependent manner, by NO during U46619 infusion and reversed by NO during induced hypoxemia. The PaO2 and HbSat were significantly improved at all NO doses during U44619 infusion but not during alveolar hypoxia. For all inhaled NO concentrations, nitrogen dioxide and methoglobin values were < 5 ppm and 3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nitric oxide is a potent, selective vasodilator of the pulmonary circulation in healthy newborn foals. Inhaled NO may have value as a therapeutic agent in foals with pulmonary hypertension.  相似文献   

Cellular effects of common antioxidants.     

Lester Mandelker 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2008,38(1):199-211, vii

Tabular information of proposed cellular effects regarding the use of various antioxidants is presented. The information was gathered from scientific sources and experimental research from Medline. It is suggested that practitioners use their best available judgment and sound reasoning when applying these supplements in clinical situations.  相似文献   

Liver biopsy techniques for adult horses and neonatal foals to assess copper status   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SG PEARCE  EC FIRTH  ND GRACE  PF FENNESSY 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(3):194-198

Objective To evaluate standing, percutaneous, ultrasound-guided, transthoracic liver biopsy in mares, and transabdominal, laparoscopically-guided, liver biopsy under general anaesthesia in foals, as techniques for obtaining tissue for assessment of copper status. The techniques were evaluated with respect to ease of use and effect on the animal.
Procedure Twenty of 24 Thoroughbred mares and 21 of their foals were biopsied. The animals were part of a larger study of the effect of copper supplementation on copper status and the prevalence of developmental orthopaedic disease. Livers were also collected from unrelated horses and sampled to investigate the variability in the distribution of copper in liver tissue.
Result The biopsy technique caused no lasting effect on the mares, but there was an increased risk of viscus penetration associated with taking multiple biopsy cores. The use of ultrasonography to scan the target area for the liver identified four cases that were not appropriate candidates for liver biopsy, because of large intestine being located in the biopsy area. In the foals there were no serious postoperative adverse effects, nor was there any evidence of problems caused by the procedure when the abdomen was examined post-mortem at 5 months of age. In livers collected to investigate the variability of copper concentration, copper appeared to be relatively evenly distributed through the liver.
Conclusion Standing, percutaneous, ultrasound-guided, transthoracic liver biopsy in mares, and transabdominal, laparoscopically-guided, liver biopsy under general anaesthesia in foals are convenient procedures for obtaining liver tissue for assessing copper status in horses. The use of ultrasound to identify liver tissue is recommended, especially in older mares.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the capability of the PCV2 genome to encode miRNAs: lack of viral miRNA expression in an experimental infection     

Fernando Nú?ez-Hernández  Lester J Pérez  Gonzalo Vera  Sarai Córdoba  Joaquim Segalés  Armand Sánchez  José I Nú?ez 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)

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Development of a pheromone trap monitoring system for orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana, in the UK     

Bruce TJ  Hooper AM  Ireland L  Jones OT  Martin JL  Smart LE  Oakley J  Wadhams LJ 《Pest management science》2007,63(1):49-56

Field-trapping experiments with synthetic 2,7-nonadiyl dibutyrate, the female-produced sex pheromone of the orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), demonstrated that pheromone traps were highly attractive to males and caught very few non-target organisms. Different formulations of pheromone were tested to identify the optimum release rate and dispenser type for use in pheromone traps in the UK. Key findings were that racemic pheromone was as effective as enantiomerically pure (2S,7R)-2,7-nonadiyl dibutyrate, that release rates higher than 0.5 microg day(-1) were not necessary and that the optimal formulation was a 1 mg pheromone loading in a rubber septum. Pheromone traps gave a reliable indication of peak midge emergence, onset of flight and abundance of midges throughout the season. A strong correlation between maximum trap catch and crop infestation levels was obtained.  相似文献   

An assessment of intra‐ and interobserver agreement of reporting orthopaedic findings on presale radiographs of Thoroughbred yearlings     

M. A. Jackson  A. L. Vizard  G. A. Anderson  J. S. Mattoon  R. B. Lavelle  B. T. Smithenson  N. V. Lester  A. F. Clarke  R. C. Whitton 《Equine veterinary journal》2014,46(5):567-574

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