Molecular epidemiology of two fowl cholera outbreaks on a free-range chicken layer farm.     

P Zhang  N Fegan  I Fraser  P Duffy  R E Bowles  A Gordon  P J Ketterer  W Shinwari  P J Blackall 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2004,16(5):458-460

Two outbreaks of fowl cholera on a multiage free-range egg farm were investigated. The outbreaks occurred in 1994 and 2002. A total of 22 strains of Pasteurella multocida were available for study, 11 from the 1994 outbreak and 11 from the 2002 outbreak. Lesions typical of acute fowl cholera were seen in the 1994 outbreak, whereas both acute and chronic fowl cholera occurred in the 2002 outbreak. The isolates were examined in an extended phenotypic typing methodology, by a P. multocida-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), by the Heddleston somatic serotyping scheme, and by restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) typing using the enzyme HpaII. All 22 strains had the same phenotypic properties, all were confirmed as P. multocida by PCR, all were Heddleston serovar 4, and all had the same REA pattern. The results indicate that these 2 outbreaks were caused by the same clone of P. multocida--despite the 8-year time period between the outbreaks.  相似文献   

Genotypic diversity of Pasteurella multocida isolates from pigs and poultry in Australia          下载免费PDF全文

C Turni  R Singh  PJ Blackall 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(10):390-394

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Comparison of sampling sites and detection methods for Haemophilus parasuis   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Turni C  Blackall P 《Australian veterinary journal》2007,85(5):177-184

Objective To improve the isolation rate and identification procedures for Haemophilus parasuis from pig tissues. Design Thirteen sampling sites and up to three methods were used to confirm the presence of H. parasuis in pigs after experimental challenge. Procedure Colostrum‐deprived, naturally farrowed pigs were challenged intratracheally with H parasuis serovar 12 or 4. Samples taken during necropsy were either inoculated onto culture plates, processed directly for PCR or enriched prior to being processed for PCR. The recovery of H parasuis from different sampling sites and using different sampling methods was compared for each serovar. Results H parasuis was recovered from several sample sites for all serovar 12 challenged pigs, while the trachea was the only positive site for all pigs following serovar 4 challenge. The method of solid medium culture of swabs, and confirmation of the identity of cultured bacteria by PCR, resulted in 38% and 14% more positive results on a site basis for serovars 12 and 4, retrospectively, than direct PCR on the swabs. This difference was significant in the serovar 12 challenge. Conclusion Conventional culture proved to be more effective in detecting H parasuis than direct PCR or PCR on enrichment broths. For subacute (serovar 4) infections, the most successful sites for culture or direct PCR were pleural fluid, peritoneal fibrin and fluid, lung and pericardial fluid. For acute (serovar 12) infections, the best sites were lung, heart blood, affected joints and brain. The methodologies and key sampling sites identified in this study will enable improved isolation of H parasuis and aid the diagnosis of Glässer's disease.  相似文献   

副猪嗜血杆菌的分离培养和血清型鉴定   总被引：70，自引：0，他引：70  

蔡旭旺刘正飞  陈焕春吴斌  金梅林PatBlackall 《华中农业大学学报》2005,24(1):55-58

从全国十多个省市送检的疑似患多发浆膜炎与关节炎猪的病料中分离到32株细菌,进行了细菌形态观察、培养特性和生化特性鉴定;根据副猪嗜血杆菌16S rRNA序列设计引物进行PCR扩增,将822bp扩增片段连入T-载体后测序,再与GenBank(M75065)中的序列进行比对,表明其与国外副猪嗜血杆菌菌株16S rRNA序列的同源性为97％以上,确定为副猪嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus parasuis,Hps)。将其中的15株按Kieletein-Rapp-Gabriedson(KRG)琼脂扩散血清分型方法进行血清型鉴定,结果为血清5型3株、血清4型4株、血清13型2株、血清12型2株,另外有4株不能进行分型。该结果表明副猪嗜血杆菌在我国广泛存在。  相似文献   

Mannheimia granulomatis PCR检测方法的建立   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

安烨  龚玉梅  Jeanette Miflin  Pat Blackall  孙惠玲  张培君 《动物医学进展》2007,28(5):13-16

Mannheimia granulomatis是导致牛、羊呼吸道传染病的一种病原菌.为快速、准确诊断由该菌导致的疫病,从基因库中获得M.granulomdtis的基因序列,再从M.granulomatis的基因序列中获得与其他细菌包括溶血性曼氏杆菌和多杀性巴氏杆菌等不同的基因片段,设计引物,建立了特异性好、敏感性较高的M.granulomatis的PCR诊断方法.结果表明,其特异性为100%,最小检出量为5×104cfu/mL～5×103cfu/mL M.granulomatis或1/10个单个菌落.  相似文献   

Serotyping of Haemophilus paragallinarum isolates from Mexico by the Kume hemagglutinin scheme     

Soriano VE  Blackall PJ  Dabo SM  Téllez G  García-Delgado GA  Fernández RP 《Avian diseases》2001,45(3):680-683

A total of 42 isolates of Haemophilus paragallinarum from Mexico were serotyped by the Kume hemagglutinin scheme. Serovars A-1, A-2, B-1, and C-2 were recognized among 11 (26.2%), 7 (16.6%), 4 (9.5%), and 14 (33.3%) isolates, respectively. A further six isolates (14.3%) showed hemagglutinating activity but could not be classified into any serovar. Commercial vaccines containing Kume serovars A-1, A-2, B-1, and C-2 may provide better protection than those bi- or trivalent infectious coryza vaccines currently used in Mexico.  相似文献   

Further comparison of adjuvants for an inactivated infectious coryza vaccine   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

P J Blackall 《Avian diseases》1988,32(4):831-835

Inactivated infectious coryza vaccines containing different adjuvants were administered to 6-week-old chickens as a single dose containing 10(8) colony-forming units of Haemophilus paragallinarum HP31. After 3 weeks, all chickens were challenged by intrasinus inoculation of HP31. Two vaccines, one containing an aluminum-hydroxide adjuvant and the other a combined aluminum-hydroxide + avridine (a lipoidal amine) adjuvant, were effective. The three remaining vaccines--containing mineral-oil double-emulsion, avridine, or a combination of mineral-oil double-emulsion + avridine--gave much lower levels of protection. No adverse reactions were seen with any vaccine.  相似文献   

Whole-cell protein profiles of Haemophilus paragallinarum as detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P J Blackall  R Yamamoto 《Avian diseases》1989,33(1):168-173

The soluble whole-cell protein profiles of 15 isolates of Haemophilus paragallinarum were examined using standardized sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The patterns were reproducible and the isolates were similar overall. Despite this similarity, two protein profile types were recognized.  相似文献   

Comparison of the efficacy of a subunit and a live streptomycin-dependent porcine pleuropneumonia vaccine   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Tumamao JQ  Bowles RE  van den Bosch H  Klaasen HL  Fenwick BW  Storie GJ  Blackall PJ 《Australian veterinary journal》2004,82(6):370-374

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of two new-generation porcine pleuropneumonia vaccines when challenged with Australian isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae of serovars 1 and 15.
Design The Porcilis APP vaccine and an experimental streptomycin-dependent strain of A pleuropneumoniae were evaluated in a standardised pen trial. Each vaccine/challenge group consisted of 10 pigs.
Results With the serovar 1 challenge, the Porcilis APP vaccine and the live vaccine, compared with the control group, gave significant protection in terms of clinical signs, lung lesions, re-isolation scores and average daily gain (ADG) postchallenge. Only the Porcilis APP vaccine provided significant protection against mortality. In the serovar 15 challenged pigs, the only significant difference detected was that the Porcilis APP vaccinated pigs had a better postchallenge ADG than the controls. None of the Porcilis APP vaccinated pigs showed signs of depression postvaccination and none were euthanased after challenge with either serovar 1 or 15. The pigs vaccinated with the live vaccine showed obvious depression after each vaccination and a total of 3 pigs were euthanased after challenge (one with serovar 1 and two with serovar 15).
Conclusions Both of the vaccines provided significant protection against a severe challenge with serovar 1 A pleuropneumoniae. Neither vaccine was effective against a serovar 15 A pleuropneumoniae challenge. There was evidence that the Porcilis APP vaccine did provide some protection against the serovar 15 challenge because the ADG, after challenge of pigs given this vaccine, was greater than the control pigs.  相似文献   

Characterization and immunogenicity of an apxIA mutant of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae     

Xu F  Chen X  Shi A  Yang B  Wang J  Li Y  Guo X  Blackall PJ  Yang H 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,118(3-4):230-239

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the aetiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, a highly contagious and often fatal disease. A candidate live vaccine strain, potentially capable of cross-serovar protection, was constructed by deleting the section of the apxIA gene coding for the C-terminal segment of ApxI toxin of the A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 10 reference strain (D13039) and inserting a chloramphenicol resistance gene cassette. The mutant strain (termed D13039A(-)Chl(r)) produced an approximately 48kDa protein corresponding to the N-terminus of the ApxI toxin, and exhibited no haemolytic activity and lower virulence in mice compared with the parental strain. The mutant was evaluated in a vaccination-challenge trial in which pigs were given two intra-nasal doses of the mutant at 14 days intervals and then challenged 14 days after the last vaccination with either A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 1 (4074) or serovar 2 (S1536) or serovar 10 (D13039) reference strains. The haemolysin neutralisation titres of the pre-challenge sera were significantly higher in the vaccinated pigs than in the unvaccinated pigs. The mortalities, clinical signs and lung lesion scores in the vaccinated pigs were significantly lower than those in the unvaccinated pigs for the serovar 1 challenge. A significantly lower lung lesion score was also observed in the vaccinated pigs, compared with unvaccinated pigs, for serovar 2 challenge. Our work suggests that the mutant strain offers potential as a live attenuated pleuropneumonia vaccine that can provide cross-serovar protection.  相似文献