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Mehdi Rashnavadi Mohammad Nouri Mohammad R. Haji Hajikolaei Housain Najafzadeh Peter D. Constable 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2014,78(1):61-67
Impaired abomasal motility is common in cattle with abomasal disorders. The macrolide erythromycin has been demonstrated to be an effective prokinetic agent in healthy calves and in adult cattle with abomasal volvulus or left displaced abomasum. We hypothesized that 2 structurally related macrolides, spiramycin and tulathromycin, would also be effective prokinetic agents in cattle. Six milk-fed, male, Holstein-Friesian calves were administered each of the following 4 treatments: spiramycin, 75 000 IU/kg BW, IM, this dose approximates 25 mg/kg BW, IM; tulathromycin, 2.5 mg/kg BW, SC; 2 mL of 0.9% NaCl (negative control); and erythromycin, 8.8 mg/kg BW, IM (positive control). Calves were fed 2 L of cow’s milk containing acetaminophen (50 mg/kg body weight) 30 min after each treatment was administered and jugular venous blood samples were obtained periodically after the start of sucking. Abomasal emptying rate was assessed by the time to maximal plasma acetaminophen concentration. Spiramycin, tulathromycin, and the positive control erythromycin increased abomasal emptying rate compared to the negative control. We conclude that the labeled antimicrobial dose of spiramycin and tulathromycin increases the abomasal emptying rate in healthy milk-fed calves. Additional studies investigating whether spiramycin and tulathromycin exert a prokinetic effect in adult cattle with abomasal hypomotility appear indicated. 相似文献
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Cotton fabrics were dyed with three commercial vat dyes in order to provide camouflage in Vis-NIR regions and imitate reflectance profile of greenish leaves. To investigate the effect of nano particles on camouflage properties of dyed fabric, nano particles of TiO2 were applied on dyed fabrics using pad-dry-cure method. The nano TiO2 padded dyed fabrics were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Reflectance curves of coated dyed samples with different concentrations of nano TiO2 were measured. Results showed that in both of the standard shades, nano TiO2 increases the reflectance value in NIR region and with increasing the concentration of nano TiO2, the reflectance curves of samples tend to show the maximum reflection of greenish leaves (deciduous leaves) in NIR region. Chromatic values (CIE1976 L*, a*, and b*) and color difference (according to CIECMC color difference ΔE*cmc (2:1)) of each of the coated samples were measured using the reflection spectrophotometer. By considering the influence of white color of nano TiO2 on green shade of dyed cotton fabrics and increasing the color difference (between coated samples and the standard shades of the 1948 U.S army pattern) in visible range, optimum concentrations of nano TiO2 for development of camouflage properties on cotton fabrics in both NIR and visible region were determined. These values for NATO and forest green shades were 0.75 % and 0.5 %, respectively. Fastness results showed that both of the samples have acceptable color fastness. The effect of washing and exposure to light on camouflage properties of coated dyed fabrics in visible (in term of chromatic values) and NIR region (in term of spectral reflectance) was investigated when those were coated in optimum concentrations of nano TiO2. The results showed that the effect of after treatments (washing and exposure to light) on surface color spectral characteristics and camouflage properties was inconsiderable. 相似文献
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The beneficial effect of compost, the final product of aerobic biodegradation of organic matter, on growth, lipid peroxidation [as malondialdehyde (MDA], hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2•−), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), as well as reduced ascorbate (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) and their oxidized forms was investigated in squash (Cucurbita pepo L. cv. Eskandarany) plants exposed to normal and low temperature (LT) conditions. LT stress of 8 °C significantly reduced the plant growth of untreated plants, but compost alleviated the adverse effect of stress and significantly increased the fresh and dry weights under normal and stress conditions. LT also induced accumulation of H2O2 and O2•− and resulted in increased lipid peroxidation, pointing out to cellular oxidative stress. Under compost application, such reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxidized lipids were markedly reduced, but SOD, CAT, APX and GR activities, key enzymes of ROS-scavenging systems, were significantly increased. Data also indicated that there were general reductions in total ascorbate and glutathione pool in LT control plants, but compost-treated ones considerably have maintained higher levels of such redox metabolites. Significantly higher ratios of ASC/DHA (dehydroascorbate) and GSH/GSSG (glutathione disulfide) were generally found in compost-treated plants than in untreated-ones. It is evident that compost induced enhancement of LT tolerance was related to up-regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Such enhancement would eventually protect plant cells from LT-induced oxidative stress reactions via scavenging ROS. 相似文献
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Houshang Nouri Armin Towhidi Mahdi Zhandi Raheleh Sadeghi 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
The aim of this study was to determine the synergistic effects of centrifuged egg yolk (EY) and soybean lecithin on post-thaw Caspian horse sperm motility, morphological abnormalities, and assessment of membrane integrity. The centrifuged EY (CEY) was added at concentrations of 2% and 4% to a defined INRA plus 1.25% soybean lecithin extender used to freeze Caspian horse semen. In this experiment, ejaculates collected from each Caspian horse (n = 4) were divided into three equal aliquots and diluted in CEY 2% (INRA2), 4% (INRA4) supplemented, and without any CEY (INRA0) in INRA plus 1.25% soybean lecithin extender, respectively. Thereafter, samples were frozen and thawed following a standard protocol. Sperm cryosurvival was evaluated in vitro by microscopy assessments of post-thaw sperm motility (by means of computer-assisted semen motility analysis [CASA]), acrosomal and other abnormalities (head, mid-pieces, and tail) and plasma membrane integrity (evaluated by HOST). In Caspian stallion, semen extended with INRA2 had significantly higher CASA motility and CASA progressive motility than those extended with the rest of extenders after freezing and thawing (P < .001). There was no significant difference in path velocity (VAP), VCL, and ALH among three groups (P > .05). For straight line velocity (P < .01) and LIN (P < .001), the highest values were obtained from the INRA4 group. The highest percentages of acrosomal and other abnormalities were found in semen diluted in INRA4 (P < .001). In the group frozen INRA2, the percentage of membrane integrity was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P < .001). The use of CEY 2% in combination with soybean lecithin significantly improved Caspian horse semen freezability. 相似文献
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Saba Karam Mozhgan Raigani Sahar Hassani Afshar Yeganeh Talebkhan Elham Bayat Samira Komijani Leila Nematollahi Farzaneh Barkhordari Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani Fatemeh Davami 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2021,25(6):390
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the opportunistic pathogens causing frequent hospital-acquired life-threatening infections in mechanically ventilated patients. The most significant virulence factor of P. aeruginosa is T3SS. PcrV is an important structural protein of the T3SS. Methods:In the current investigation, a recombinant scFv mAb against the PcrV protein was expressed in EnBase® (fed-batch) cultivation mode. The pETiteTM N-His SUMO Kan vector, including anti-PcrV scFv gene, was transformed into Escherichia coli (BL21) cells. The expression and solubility of anti-PcrV scFv protein were investigated at two different temperatures (25 °C and 30 °C) and at different induction times (4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours). Results:Increased efficiency was achieved by EnBase® compared to LB broth; owing to the slow release of glucose, the maximum level of solubility and total protein expression was observed in EnBase® cultivation system at 30 °C and 24 h post induction. Furthermore, IC50 for anti-PcrV scFv protein was determined to be approximately 7 μg/mL. Conclusion:Anti-PcrV scFv produced in this study showed promising in vitro results, protecting RBC from lysis by P. aeruginosa (exoU+). Key Words: Fed Batch, recombinant protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, scFv 相似文献
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Saeid R. Nourollahi Fard Masoud Asghari Fatemeh Nouri 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(8):1633-1636
The parasite of genus Sarcocystis is one of the most commonly found parasite in domestic animals worldwide. Some species of Sarcocystis cause important economic loss when causing clinical and sub clinical disease. The aim of this study was to determine the
prevalence of Sarcocystis in slaughtered Cattle in Kerman, Iran. The prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. infection was investigated in 480 cattle, slaughtered from May 2005 to February 2006 in the Kerman, Iran using naked
eye examination for macroscopic Sarcocysts, and peptic digestion, muscle squash, squeezing methods for microscopic types.
Muscles from heart, tongue, and esophagus, cervical and abdominal muscles of 480 slaughtered cattle were examined for Sarcocystis cysts. The prevalence of microscopic Sarcocystis cysts in cattle was detected in 100% and there was no macroscopic cyst in examined cattle. 相似文献
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Renewable energies as well as saving energy in suitable forms are of great challenges in the field of energy storage. Phase
change materials (PCM) are one of the latent heat storage materials. They can produce high density of energy storage during
phase change. However, there is a risk of material leakage during their phase change. Electrospinning could lead to thermo-regulating
nanofibers of leakage free form-stable PCMs. For this purpose, polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 as a PCM together with nylon
6,6 as supporting material was electrospun in different blend ratios. Morphology and diameter of the produced nanofibers were
studied by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The average nanofibers diameter was in the range of 178 to 507 nm for different
blend ratios. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that the composite samples have high heat capacity and
good energy saving properties. As-spun nanofibers were successfully changed to a formstable thermo-regulating nanocomposite
using a suitable cross-linking agent. 相似文献