苹果果实日灼人工诱导技术及阈值温度研究   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10  

张建光  刘玉芳  孙建设  施瑞德 《园艺学报》2003,30(4):446-448

 使用自制的日灼诱导设备，在无风或微风的晴天对活体果实进行田间日灼诱导，通过改变诱导室内的气温来控制和调节果面温度，从而确定了不同苹果品种果实发生日灼的阈值温度。试验证明： 自制的诱导设备运行平稳，诱导期间可保持果温基本稳定，大多数情况下，处理期间果面平均温度与实际设定温度的差异小于0．12℃ ，温度变化幅度一般小于±0．5℃ 。本试验所测定的9个苹果品种日灼阈值温度为(45．9±0．5)℃ (48．5±0．5)℃。光照对日灼发生有重要影响，即使在同样的阈值温度下，有光的处理果实发生日灼，而无光的处理则不发生日灼。  相似文献   

Ergovaline does not alter the severity of ryegrass staggers induced by lolitrem B     

SC Finch  JB Vlaming  BL Sutherland  C van Koten  WJ Mace  LR Fletcher 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2018,66(2):93-97

AIM: To investigate a possible interaction between lolitrem B and ergovaline by comparing the incidence and severity of ryegrass staggers in sheep grazing ryegrass (Lolium perenne) containing lolitrem B or ryegrass containing both lolitrem B and ergovaline.

METHODS: Ninety lambs, aged approximately 6 months, were grazed on plots of perennial ryegrass infected with either AR98 endophyte (containing lolitrem B), standard endophyte (containing lolitrem B and ergovaline) or no endophyte, for up to 42 days from 2 February 2010. Ten lambs were grazed on three replicate plots per cultivar. Herbage samples were collected for alkaloid analysis and lambs were scored for ryegrass staggers (scores from 0–5) weekly during the study. Any animal which was scored ≥4 was removed from the study.

RESULTS: Concentrations of lolitrem B did not differ between AR98 and standard endophyte-infected pastures during the study period (p=0.26), and ergovaline was present only in standard endophyte pastures. Ryegrass staggers was observed in sheep grazing both the AR98 and standard endophyte plots, with median scores increasing in the third week of the study. Prior to the end of the 42-day grazing period, 22 and 17 animals were removed from the standard endophyte and AR98 plots, respectively, because their staggers scores were ≥4. The cumulative probability of lambs having scores ≥4 did not differ between animals grazing the two pasture types (p=0.41).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: There was no evidence for ergovaline increasing the severity of ryegrass staggers induced by lolitrem B. In situations where the severity of ryegrass staggers appears to be greater than that predicted on the basis of concentrations of lolitrem B, the presence of other tremorgenic alkaloids should be investigated.  相似文献   

Expert opinion based modelling of the risk of human infection with H5N1 through the consumption of poultry meat in Germany     

Greiner M  Müller-Graf C  Hiller P  Schrader C  Gervelmeyer A  Ellerbroek L  Appel B 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,120(3-4):98-107

According to current scientific opinion the risk of human infection with H5N1 via preparation and consumption of poultry meat is negligible.This opinion has not yet been challenged by a formal risk assessment, due to the lack of empirical data. We have developed a scenario pathway model as a conceptual framework for a formal assessment of the H5N1 risk to humans through consumption of poultry meat and parameterise the model using information derived from expert opinions. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the notion of an overall negligible risk via the oral infection route is consistent with ad hoc data and expert opinions on the relevant parameters of the model.The model is mainly based on expert opinion. A stochastic Monte-Carlo simulation was conducted which took into consideration (amongst others) the exposure and infection of chicken (broiler and layer), turkeys, ducks and geese, the probabilities of detection prior to slaughter, virus survival and contamination during slaughter, as well as during the cutting and preparation of meat in commercial plants and in private households, respectively. The empirical consumption pattern for poultry meat in Germany was taken into account in the simulation.The results show that the risk for the individual consumer is practically zero whereas up to 23 cases per year in Germany might occur if the upper (more pessimistic) ranges of the expert opinions apply.The finding of a low but non-negligible risk to the population is discussed in relation to the epidemiological information available from recent outbreaks in South East Asia.  相似文献   

POST-PARTURIENT HAEMOGLOBINURIA OF DAIRY COWS     

B. Parkinson  B.V.Sc. A. K. Sutherland  B.V.SC  M.S. 《Australian veterinary journal》1954,30(8):232-236

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SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF LARVAL CESTODES IN SHEEP     

Sally K.  Blundell-Hasell M.SC. 《Australian veterinary journal》1969,45(7):334-336

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THE BOVINE MUCOSAL DISEASE-SWINE FEVER VIRUS COMPLEX IN PIGS   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

W. A. Snowdon  B.V.SC. E. L. French  M.SC  Ph.D. 《Australian veterinary journal》1968,44(4):179-184

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STUDIES ON THE TRANSMISSIBILITY OF A VIRAL MENINGO-ENCEPHALITIS OF CALVES     

L. A. Y. Johnston  B.V.SC.  G. C. Simmons  B.SC. M. D. McGavin  M.V.SC. 《Australian veterinary journal》1964,40(5):189-194

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HYDATID DISEASE IN AUSTRALIA     

Michael A.  Gemmell B.V.SC. P. Brydon  B.V.SC. 《Australian veterinary journal》1960,36(3):73-78

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CHEMOTHERAPY OF CAECA L COCCIDIOSIS IN CHICKENS     

J. H. Arundel  B.V.SC  A.M.T.C. 《Australian veterinary journal》1960,36(2):49-53

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Suitability of SSCP-PCR analysis for molecular detection of quinolone resistance in Campylobacter jejuni     

Beckmann L  Müller M  Luber P  Schrader C  Bartelt E  Klein G 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,116(11-12):487-490

Foodborne infections with Campylobacter spp. are increasing, especially antibiotic resistant strains are emerging. Quinolone resistant isolates can cause failure of therapy in severe clinical infections. Molecular characterisation is needed for the detection of resistant variants of C. jejuni. Therefore 23 isolates from poultry and human medicine as well as three control strains were tested for their minimal inhibitory concentration, their Single-Strand-Conformation-Polymorphism (SSCP)-PCR pattern (a method for the detection of resistance determining point mutations), and their sequence of the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR). Six different SSCP types could be identified: two types for quinolone resistant isolates and other types containing so called silent mutations without influence on the resistance. A genotypic monitoring of the quinolone resistance in C. jejuni can be useful for the early detection of new resistance variants. As a screening method for detection of point mutations in the QRDR the SSCP-PCR can be applied. Compared to other genotypic methods the SSCP-PCR is less time and cost consuming and needs only standard technical equipment.  相似文献