Study of Resistance to Orobanche ramosa in Host (Oilseed Rape and Carrot) and Non-host (Maize) Plants     

Naïma Zehhar  Pascal Labrousse  Marie-Claire Arnaud  Christian Boulet  Driss Bouya  André Fer 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(1):75-82

Orobanche ramosa is a parasitic Angiosperm responsible for severe yield losses in several economical crops. It is a serious threat in oilseed rape in France and Morocco and is appearing in carrot crops in Morocco. In this study, several varieties of oilseed rape and carrot were screened in order to identify resistant cultivars and to characterize the resistance mechanisms involved. All the 15 oilseed rape varieties tested were susceptible. In carrot, the varieties 'Colmar à coeur rouge' and 'Nantaise demi-longue' were susceptible, whereas 'Palaiseau' and 'Buror' were resistant. In the susceptible 'Colmar à coeur rouge' carrot no defence reactions were found and the development of the parasite inhibited carrot tap root formation. In the resistant carrot varieties, the parasite germinated, became attached to the host root but became necrotic before emergence. In 'Buror' carrot, formation of a mechanical barrier was associated with the restriction to the cortex of the parasite. In maize cv. 'Vigni', a non-host of O. ramosa, thickening of xylem vessels, cell divisions in the central cylinder and formation of an encapsulation layer were observed in association with restricted development of Orobanche haustoria.  相似文献   

Toxoplasma gondii Nicole et Manceaux 1909-antibodies in domestic rabbits     

O Síma  K Rasín 《Veterinární medicína》1973,18(10):633-640

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基于EOD模式的田园综合体碳平衡初步研究          下载免费PDF全文

杜胜男  马郝佳  刘静  李娟英  陈以芹  何文辉 《上海海洋大学学报》2024,33(1)

中国正在不断推进农村绿色经济转型与乡村振兴战略，田园综合体等各种以生态环境为导向的农业开发模式是乡村振兴建设的新途径，驱动农业固碳减排的同时，也带动着传统农业不断向现代农业发展的转变。以EOD（Ecology-Oriented-Development，生态环境导向的开发）模式的上海市金山区枫泾镇郊野村庄田园综合体为研究对象，在现场调研与数据统计的基础上，分析了园区内的碳输入和碳输出以及碳在园内各区域间的流动和储积；同时，根据碳源和碳汇清单和估算结果，分析了田园综合体各区的碳平衡特点。结果显示，上海市金山区郊野村庄田园综合体2021年碳平衡表现为净碳汇区，净碳汇量为152.09 tC，其中排放量为588.79 tC，碳固定量为740.88 tC。田园综合体内，作物种植区通过低碳有机种植模式成为净碳汇量最大的区域，净碳汇量185.76 tC；水产养殖区通过高效的水草多级循环利用模式净碳汇量达62.20 tC；高空间利用率的立体农业区因农肥的碳排放量大表现为碳源区，净碳汇量为-10.81 tC；生产生活区是最大的碳源区，净碳汇量达-85.05 tC，人类文旅活动是其中最大的碳排放源。分析结合该田园综合体的碳流动，提出了发展高物质循环利用率、高空间利用率、低碳有机种植模式和农业科学管理四个农业降碳增汇的方向。  相似文献   

浅论城市生态化     

唐丽琼  达娃卓玛 《西藏农业科技》2007,29(1):26-29

从人类文明发展史看,人类经历了蒙昧、野蛮而逐步走向文明,每一次文明更替都是一次社会革命,促进了社会经济的大发展、大进步。目前的工业文明虽取得很大成就,但因其固有问题的严重化,已经开始走向衰退,作为工业文明的替代力量正在兴起,这就是说现在面临着工业文明向一种新的文明的过渡,这种新文明即为生态文明。人类社会也  相似文献   

鸡肿瘤坏死因子的诱生及活性检测   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王凤龙  银梅  日穆德玛 《动物医学进展》2003,24(5):84-86

通过对鸡静脉注射卡介苗 (BCG)和脂多糖 (L PS) ,应用 L92 9细胞检测鸡体外周血清、脾细胞和外周血白细胞肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF)活性 ,表明外周血清 TNF活性最高 ,其次是脾细胞 ,而外周血白细胞 TNF活性最低。本研究也表明在正常鸡的外周血液中有少量的 TNF  相似文献   

Genetic and environmental factors affecting perinatal and preweaning survival of D’man lambs     

Ismaïl Boujenane  Abdelkader Chikhi  Oumaïma Lakcher  Mustapha Ibnelbachyr 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(6):1391-1397

This study examined the viability of 4,554 D’man lambs born alive at Errachidia research station in south-eastern Morocco between 1988 and 2009. Lamb survival to 1, 10, 30 and 90 days old was 0.95, 0.93, 0.93 and 0.92, respectively. The majority of deaths (85.7 %) occurred before 10 days of age. Type and period of birth both had a significant effect on lamb survival traits, whereas age of dam and sex of lamb did not. The study revealed a curvilinear relationship between lamb’s birth weight and survival traits from birth to 90 days, with optimal birth weights for maximal perinatal and preweaning survival varying according to type of birth from 2.6 to 3.5 kg. Estimation of variance components, using an animal model including direct and maternal genetic effects, the permanent maternal environment as well as fixed effects, showed that direct and maternal heritability estimates for survival traits between birth and 90 days were mostly low and varied from 0.01 to 0.10; however, direct heritability for survival at 1 day from birth was estimated at 0.63. Genetic correlations between survival traits and birth weight were positive and low to moderate. It was concluded that survival traits of D’man lambs between birth and 90 days could be improved through selection, but genetic progress would be low. However, the high proportion of the residual variance to total variance reinforces the need to improve management and lambing conditions.  相似文献   

雅砻江下游鱼类资源调查及保护措施     

杨青瑞  陈求稳  马徐发 《水生态学杂志》2011,32(3):94-98

分别于2007年4-5月和2008年4-5月对雅砻江下游鱼类资源现状进行了调查,共设置采样点9个,采集鱼类54种,另收集鱼类21种,共隶属于7目19科。调查结果表明,雅砻江下游水域生态环境的变化导致鱼类物种组成、种群结构发生了变化,珍稀鱼类数量急剧减少。与历史资料相比,鱼类种类数量从98种下降到75种。另外,渔获物分析结果表明,雅砻江下游鱼类资源呈现低龄化、小型化的趋势。雅砻江下游珍稀保护鱼类长薄鳅、细鳞裂腹鱼、鲈鲤和四川华吸鳅在调查区域内的分布范围有显著差异。  相似文献   

灿烂弧菌和创伤弧菌的不同保存方法比较     

闫茂仓  陈少波  单乐州  王雪鹏  马爱敏  谢起浪 《水生态学杂志》2010,31(5):136-140

比较了琼脂斜面、穿刺石蜡保存法和甘油冷冻冻存法保存灿烂弧菌和创伤弧菌的效果。结果表明,甘油冷冻冻存法和穿刺石蜡保存法的保存期显著比琼脂斜面法长,保存12月后各保存方法细菌的毒力都有不同程度的下降,甘油冷冻冻存法显著好于其它2种保存方法。  相似文献   

不同方法计算胶南市河流纳污能力结果的比较     

王成见  孟春霞  赵秀春  马振宇 《水生态学杂志》2010,31(4):123-126

准确定量水体纳污力是科学合理制定水污染控制规划的基础。本文针对胶南市季节性河流拦河闸众多的特点,探讨了季节性河流纳污能力的分析方法,给出了具有拦河闸、常规河道以及感潮河段组合情况下的河流纳污能力综合计算方法,并对不同计算方法下河流纳污能力进行了比较。结果表明：常规方法计算的胶南市河道水功能区纳污能力仅占综合方法的31.08%～97.53%,明显偏少;从总量上看,常规方法比综合方法计算值偏少119.1t/a,仅占综合方法的 47.2%。从成因上分析,由于拦河闸坝的建设,改变了河道水力特性,水域面积和水量的增加使得纳污能力相应增加。由此可见,建有梯级拦河闸坝的季节性河流计算河道纳污能力时,拦河闸坝是一项不可忽视的因素。  相似文献   

Evaluation of variability in argan oil content through different environments and preselection of elite genotypes     

Naïma Ait Aabd  Fouad Msanda  Abdelhamid El Mousadik 《Euphytica》2014,195(2):157-167

This investigation was carried out to determine the variability in oil content with the aim to identify genotypes of argan tree expressing high oil yield. The 150 argan trees were collected from five provenances in south west of Morocco over 3 years (2008–2010) and were screened from their oil content using Soxhlet method based on the 840 samples. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to study the genetic variation between and within provenances. According to the results on the mean of the 3 years, the oil content was ranged from 38.45 to 62.54 %. The genotypes from Aoulouz and Had Dra expressing high oil yield. Variance components for fruit, seed, kernel traits and oil content showed significant differences (P < 0.01) among years, provenances, genotypes and their interaction. Principal component analysis proved that fruit, seed, kernel, weight traits are correlated with oil content and are discriminate characters between the genotypes. The results of the cluster analysis support the results of the principal component analysis, showing no correlation between oil content with geographical localization parameters. For all the promising genotypes, at least 25 % were found to be better and exceed the oil mean of the provenance for 3 years. So, 31 promising elite genotypes were preselected, and open new ways for future comparative test of them in diverse environments.  相似文献